毒理学数据:
1、急性毒性:大鼠经口LD50:1580mg/kg;兔子经皮LD50:1121mg/kg
2、属低毒类。吡啶溶液和蒸气对皮肤和黏膜有刺激作用。吸入高浓度蒸气引起头晕、头胀、口苦、咽干、无力、恶心、呕吐、步态不稳、呼吸困难、意识模糊、大小便失禁、强直性抽搐、血压下降、昏迷等症状。长期口服小量吡啶,可引起肝、肾严重损害。长期吸入20~40mg/m3浓度的吡啶蒸气,可出现头晕、头痛、乏力、眼花、失眠、记忆力减退、步态不稳、手指震颤、食欲减退、恶心、腹泻、胃酸减少、血压偏低、多汗等症状。嗅觉阈浓度0.323mg/m3。TJ 36-79规定车间空气中最高容许浓度4mg/m3。
生态学数据:
该物质对环境可能有危害,应特别注意对水体的污染。
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
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RTECS NUMBER :
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UR8400000
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CHEMICAL NAME :
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Pyridine
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
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110-86-1
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LAST UPDATED :
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199806
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DATA ITEMS CITED :
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64
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MOLECULAR FORMULA :
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C5-H5-N
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
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79.11
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WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
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T6NJ
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Standard Draize test
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration onto the skin
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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891 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - coma
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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28500 mg/m3/1H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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866 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Subcutaneous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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866 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intravenous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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360 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1500 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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950 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Subcutaneous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1250 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intravenous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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420 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intravenous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - dog
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DOSE/DURATION :
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880 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Cardiac - change in rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration onto the skin
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1121 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - ataxia Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Liver - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
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15 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - general anesthetic
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Subcutaneous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
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800 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
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4 gm/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration onto the skin
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1 gm/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
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870 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Parenteral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Amphibian - frog
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DOSE/DURATION :
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870 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - species unspecified
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1500 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - species unspecified
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DOSE/DURATION :
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10 gm/m3
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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25 mg/kg/14W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Blood - change in clotting factors Related to Chronic Data - death
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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4200 mg/kg/28D-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1 mg/m3/24H/60D-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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494 mg/kg/5D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes
MUTATION DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
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TEST SYSTEM :
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Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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REFERENCE :
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MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 163,23,1986 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 16 mg/m3 (5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1,1952 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,220,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 ppm (16 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO PYRIDINE-air:10H TWA 5 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 65080 No. of Facilities: 1103 (estimated) No. of Industries: 22 No. of Occupations: 18 No. of Employees: 29286 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 65080 No. of Facilities: 1558 (estimated) No. of Industries: 32 No. of Occupations: 42 No. of Employees: 42908 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 10568 (estimated)
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