Tetrahedron

Ruthenium-catalyzed heteroannulation of anilines with alkanolammonium chlorides leading to indoles

CS Cho, JH Kim, TJ Kim, SC Shim

Index: Cho, Chan Sik; Kim, Jin Hwang; Kim, Tae-Jeong; Shim, Sang Chul Tetrahedron, 2001 , vol. 57, # 16 p. 3321 - 3329

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Citation Number: 69

Abstract

Anilines react with alkanolammonium chlorides in an aqueous medium (H2O–dioxane) at 180° C in the presence of a catalytic amount of a ruthenium catalyst together with SnCl2· 2H2O to afford the corresponding indoles in moderate to good yields. Especially, when triisopropanolammonium chloride is employed to react with anilines, 2-methylindoles are formed regioselectively. The presence of SnCl2· 2H2O is necessary for the effective ...

~80%

~79%

~69%

~68%

~64%

~2%

Detail

~33%

~44%

~16%

~37%

~88%

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