Pectic acid

Names

[ Name ]:
Pectic acid

[Synonym ]:
Poly(1,4-|A-D-galacturonate)
|A-D-Polygalacturonic acid

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Pectic acid (Methyl protopectin), a polygalacturonic acid, induces cell apoptosis and necrosis in pituitary tumor cells. Pectic acid can be used in the research of cancers and autoimmune disease[2][3].

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Apoptosis >> Apoptosis

Research Areas >> Cancer

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

[In Vitro]

Pectic acid (2.5-100 μg/mL, 30 min) stimulates the release of prolactin (PRL) in GH3/B6 cells, without affecting the viability of cells[1]. Pectic acid (100 μg/mL-5 mg/mL, 6-48 h) increases cell death and DNA damage in GH3/B6 cells, detected by MTT assay and AO/EB staining[2]. Pectic acid (100 μg/mL-1 mg/mL, 24 h) induces apoptosis in GH3/B6 cells in a dose-dependent manner[2]. Pectic acid (2.5-5 mg/mL, 24 h) induces necrosis in GH3/B6 cells, confirmed by PI staining[2]. Cell Cycle Analysis[2] Cell Line: GH3/B6 cells Concentration: 1 mg/mL Incubation Time: 24 h Result: Induced sub G1 events, and DNA fragmentation, which was correlated with the number of the apoptotic cells.

[In Vivo]

Pectic acid (25 and 100 mg/kg, oral gavage) increases colon length, downregulates disease activity index, histopathological score and proinflammatory cytokine levels in Ulcerative colitis (UC) mice[3]. Pectic acid (6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg, intravenous injection) rescues the reduction in colon length in UC mice[3]. Animal Model: Ulcerative colitis (UC) mice[3] Dosage: 25, 100 mg/kg Administration: Oral gavage Result: Exhibited the longest colon, lowest DAI, and minimum histopathological score. Decreased the proinflammatory cytokines in the colonic tissue of UC mice. Animal Model: Ulcerative colitis (UC) mice[3] Dosage: 6.25, 12.5 mg/kg Administration: Intravenous injection Result: Decreased the spleen and thymus index. Restored the Th17/Treg balance in the spleen and lamina propria of UC mice. Improved the gut microbiota composition.

[References]

[1]. Delaram Eslimi, et al. Pectic acid effects on prolactin secretion in GH3/B6 rat pituitary cell line. Iran Biomed J. 2008 Jul;12(3):167-72.

[2]. Farnoosh Attari, et al. Apoptotic and necrotic effects of pectic acid on rat pituitary GH3/B6 tumor cells. Iran Biomed J. 2009 Oct;13(4):229-36.

[3]. Jie Song, et al. Effects of oral administration and intravenous injection of polygalacturonic acid on the immunomodulation and gut microbiota in UC mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Sep 30;217:150-160.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₈H₂₆O₁₉

[ Molecular Weight ]:
546.38800

[ Exact Mass ]:
546.10700

[ PSA ]:
319.89000

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

Articles

Substrate specificity of plant and fungi pectin methylesterases: Identification of novel inhibitors of PMEs.

Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 81 , 681-91, (2015)

Pectin methylesterases (PMEs) play a central role in pectin remodeling during plant development. They are also present in phytopathogens such as bacteria and fungi. We investigated the substrate speci...

Optimization of pectin extraction from banana peels with citric acid by using response surface methodology.

Food Chem. 198 , 113-8, (2016)

A central composite design was used to determine effects of pH (2.0-4.5), extraction temperature (70-90 °C) and time (120-240 min) on the yield, degree of methoxylation (DM) and galacturonic acid cont...

Pomegranate peel pectin films as affected by montmorillonite.

Food Chem. 198 , 107-12, (2016)

The industrial production of pomegranate juice has been favored by its alleged health benefits derived from its antioxidant properties. The processing of pomegranate juice involves squeezing juice fro...

Related Compounds

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