Shanghai Nianxing Industrial Co., Ltd
China
Product Name: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
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Purity: 98.0%
Stocking Period: 10 Day
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640-79-9

640-79-9 structure

640-79-9 structure

Name: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
Chemical Name: glycochenodeoxycholic acid
CAS Number: 640-79-9
Molecular Formula: C₂₆H₄₃NO₅
Molecular Weight: 449.62300
Catalog: Signaling Pathways Apoptosis Apoptosis
Create Date: 2018-06-12 18:46:36
Modify Date: 2024-01-02 18:59:47
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research.

Name	glycochenodeoxycholic acid
Synonyms	Chenodeoxycholylglycine [3H]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid [14C]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid 2-[[(4R)-4-[(3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid Glycine chenodeoxycholate Chenodeoxyglycocholic acid Chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate Glycochenodeoxycholate Chenodeoxyglycocholate

Description	Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research.
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >> Apoptosis >> Apoptosis Research Areas >> Cancer Natural Products >> Steroids
Target	Human Endogenous Metabolite
In Vitro	Chenodeoxycholate is toxic to hepatocytes, and accumulation of chenodeoxycholate in the liver during cholestasis may potentiate hepatocellular injury. At a concentration of 250μM, glycochenodeoxycholate is more toxic than either chenodeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholate. Glycochenodeoxycholate cytotoxicity may result from ATP depletion followed by a subsequent rise in Ca2+. The rise in Ca2+ leads to an increase in calcium-dependent degradative proteolysis and, ultimately, cell death[1]. 4 h exposure of 50 μM GCDC induces apoptosis in 42% of hepatocytes. Intracellular PKC activity decreased to 44% of controls 2 h after exposure of hepatocytes to GCDC. GCDC-induced apoptosis is associated with decreases in total cellular PKC activity, which appear to be dependent on intracellular calpain-like protease activity[2].
In Vivo	GCDCA induces ER-related calcium release within about ten seconds. Significant increases in activities of calpain and caspase-12 are observed after 15 h of GCDCA treatment. Bip and Chop mRNA expressions are increased with the treated GCDCA dose and incubation time. Cytochrome c release from mitochondria peaks in about 2 h of incubation[3].
Animal Admin	Rats: The freshly isolated hepatocytes are preincubated for 2 h at a density of 1× 106 cells/mL in a mixture of William’s E medium supplement with 10% FBS. Isolated rat hepatocytes are incubated in William’s E medium with or without (used as a control) GCDCA (50, 100 and 300 μM), or TG (1, 2 and 5 μM) for 1-24 h[3].
References	[1]. Spivey JR, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholate-induced lethal hepatocellular injury in rat hepatocytes. Role of ATP depletion and cytosolic free calcium. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):17-24. [2]. Gonzalez B, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) induced hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with early modulation of intracellular PKC activity. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Apr;207(1-2):19-27. [3]. Tsuchiya S, et al. Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum in glycochenodeoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis in rathepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2006 Oct 10;166(2):140-9.

Molecular Formula	C₂₆H₄₃NO₅
Molecular Weight	449.62300
Exact Mass	449.31400
PSA	110.35000
LogP	4.43440
Storage condition	-20°C