640-79-9

640-79-9 structure
640-79-9 structure
  • Name: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
  • Chemical Name: glycochenodeoxycholic acid
  • CAS Number: 640-79-9
  • Molecular Formula: C26H43NO5
  • Molecular Weight: 449.62300
  • Catalog: Signaling Pathways Apoptosis Apoptosis
  • Create Date: 2018-06-12 18:46:36
  • Modify Date: 2024-01-02 18:59:47
  • Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research.

Name glycochenodeoxycholic acid
Synonyms Chenodeoxycholylglycine
[3H]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid
[14C]-Glycylchenodeoxycholic acid
2-[[(4R)-4-[(3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid
Glycine chenodeoxycholate
Chenodeoxyglycocholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate
Glycochenodeoxycholate
Chenodeoxyglycocholate
Description Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine; used to induce hepatocyte apoptosis in research.
Related Catalog
Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

In Vitro Chenodeoxycholate is toxic to hepatocytes, and accumulation of chenodeoxycholate in the liver during cholestasis may potentiate hepatocellular injury. At a concentration of 250μM, glycochenodeoxycholate is more toxic than either chenodeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholate. Glycochenodeoxycholate cytotoxicity may result from ATP depletion followed by a subsequent rise in Ca2+. The rise in Ca2+ leads to an increase in calcium-dependent degradative proteolysis and, ultimately, cell death[1]. 4 h exposure of 50 μM GCDC induces apoptosis in 42% of hepatocytes. Intracellular PKC activity decreased to 44% of controls 2 h after exposure of hepatocytes to GCDC. GCDC-induced apoptosis is associated with decreases in total cellular PKC activity, which appear to be dependent on intracellular calpain-like protease activity[2].
In Vivo GCDCA induces ER-related calcium release within about ten seconds. Significant increases in activities of calpain and caspase-12 are observed after 15 h of GCDCA treatment. Bip and Chop mRNA expressions are increased with the treated GCDCA dose and incubation time. Cytochrome c release from mitochondria peaks in about 2 h of incubation[3].
Animal Admin Rats: The freshly isolated hepatocytes are preincubated for 2 h at a density of 1× 106 cells/mL in a mixture of William’s E medium supplement with 10% FBS. Isolated rat hepatocytes are incubated in William’s E medium with or without (used as a control) GCDCA (50, 100 and 300 μM), or TG (1, 2 and 5 μM) for 1-24 h[3].
References

[1]. Spivey JR, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholate-induced lethal hepatocellular injury in rat hepatocytes. Role of ATP depletion and cytosolic free calcium. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):17-24.

[2]. Gonzalez B, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) induced hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with early modulation of intracellular PKC activity. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Apr;207(1-2):19-27.

[3]. Tsuchiya S, et al. Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum in glycochenodeoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis in rathepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2006 Oct 10;166(2):140-9.

Molecular Formula C26H43NO5
Molecular Weight 449.62300
Exact Mass 449.31400
PSA 110.35000
LogP 4.43440
Storage condition -20°C