KN-93
Modify Date: 2024-01-02 17:30:46
KN-93 structure
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Common Name | KN-93 | ||
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| CAS Number | 139298-40-1 | Molecular Weight | 501.038 | |
| Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 657.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg | |
| Molecular Formula | C26H29ClN2O4S | Melting Point | N/A | |
| MSDS | Chinese USA | Flash Point | 351.5±34.3 °C | |
Use of KN-93KN-93 is a cell-permeable, reversible and competitive inhibitor calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (CaMKII) with a Ki of 370 nM. |
| Name | kn-93 |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
| Description | KN-93 is a cell-permeable, reversible and competitive inhibitor calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (CaMKII) with a Ki of 370 nM. |
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| Related Catalog | |
| Target |
Ki: 370 nM (CaMK) |
| In Vitro | After 2 days of KN-93 treatment, 95% of cells are arrested in G1. G1 arrest is reversible; 1 day after KN-93 release, a peak of cells had progressed into S and G2-M. KN-93 also blocks cell growth stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-1 in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts[1]. KN-93 inhibits the H+, K+-ATPase activity but strongly dissipates the proton gradient formed in the gastric membrane vesicles and reduces the volume of luminal space[2]. KN-93 (0.5 μM) prevents increased LV developed pressure during action potential prolongation and early afterdepolarizations. Ca2+-independent CaM kinase activity is increased during early afterdepolarizations and this increase is prevented by KN-93[3]. KN-93 (10 μM )significantly inhibits the activation of CaMKII/NF-κB signaling induced by elevated glucose, and subsequently decreases the expression of VEGF, iNOS and ICAM-1 in Müller cells[4]. |
| In Vivo | KN-93 (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) inhibits retinal vascular leakage induced by diabetes, and suppresses phosphorylation of CaMKII and NF-κB in diabetic retina[4]. |
| Kinase Assay | Cells are grown on 12-mm diameter glass coverslips in DMEM 100% serum and various concentrations of KN-93 or KN-92. After 0, 1, 2, and 3 days of culture in the presence of drug, coverslips are removed from culture, rinsed once in PBS, and then submerged in 100% methanol at -20°C for 3 min. Fixed cells are stored in PBS until staining using the TUNEL assay. Cells are overlaid on 20 μL PBS/1 mg/mL BSA for 30 min, rinsed in PBS, and then overlaid on 20 μL containing 100 mM sodium cacodylate (pH 6.8), 1 mM CoCl2, 0.1 mM DTT, 0.1 mg/mL BSA, 20 μM fluorescein-12-dUTP, and 0.1 unit/μL terminal transferase at 37°C for 60 min. Coverslips are rinsed in PBS twice, mounted on slides, and photographed using an OLYMPUS BX5O epifluorescent microscope using a UPLAN APO 40X oil immersion objective. |
| Cell Assay | Cell viability is assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Briefly, Müller cells are seeded at a density of 10×104 cells per well in 96-well plates and cultured until sub-confluence. Next, cells are treated with curcumin for 24 h before incubation with MTT (5 mg/mL) at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 4 h. The culture medium is then removed, and the formazan formed in the reaction is dissolved in 150 μL DMSO. The optical density of the solution is measured at 490 nm using a multifunctional microplate reader. Cell viability in each well is presented as a percentage of the control (vehicle-treated group). |
| Animal Admin | Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks of age) weighing 180-200 g are used in this study. Rats are housed in ventilated microisolator cages with free access to water and food. The rats are randomLy assigned to receive either 60 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally or citrate buffer alone. Rats are categorized as diabetic when blood glucose levels exceeded 16.7 mM at 48 h after STZ treatment. Two weeks after the induction of diabetes, rats are divided randomLy into three subgroups: STZ-diabetic rats (n=12), STZ-treated diabetic rats administered curcumin (n=12), or STZ-diabetic rats administered KN93 (n=12) for a 12-week period. Curcumin is suspended in saline containing 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose at a concentration of 20 mg/mL and administered via oral gavage at a total dose of 100 mg/kg/day. KN93 is administered by intraperitoneal injection at 1 mg/kg/day. Control STZ-treated diabetic rats and non-diabetic controls (n=12) are gavage administered saline containing 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose on a daily basis. Body weights and blood glucose levels are measured every 2 weeks. At the completion of the administration protocol, animals are deeply anesthetized with pentobarbital and subsequently sacrificed. The eyes are then enucleated for investigation. |
| References |
| Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 657.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Molecular Formula | C26H29ClN2O4S |
| Molecular Weight | 501.038 |
| Flash Point | 351.5±34.3 °C |
| Exact Mass | 500.153656 |
| PSA | 78.46000 |
| LogP | 4.71 |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±2.1 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.627 |
| Storage condition | 2-8°C |
| Water Solubility | DMSO: 1 mg/mL |
| Personal Protective Equipment | Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter |
|---|---|
| Hazard Codes | Xn |
| Risk Phrases | R20/21/22 |
| Safety Phrases | S22-S24/25 |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
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| MFCD00236424 |
| N-[2-({[(2E)-3-(4-Chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl](methyl)amino}methyl)phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide |
| N-[2-({[(2E)-3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl](methyl)amino}methyl)phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide |
| KN-93,WATER-SOLUBLE |
| N-[2-[[[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-propenyl]methylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide |
| METHOXYBENZENE-SULFONAMIDE |
| N-[2-[[[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-propenyl]methylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulphonamide |
| N-[2-N-4-CHLOROCINNAMYL-N-METHYLAMINOMETHYLPHENYL]-N-[2-HYDROXYETHYL]-4-METHOXYBENZENESULFONAMIDE |
| 2-[N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-N-(4-METHOXYBENZENESULFONYL)]AMINO-N-(4-CHLOROCINNAMYL)-N-METHYLBENZYLAMINE |
| Benzenesulfonamide, N-[2-[[[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]methylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxy- |
| N-[2-[N-(4-Chlorocinnamyl)-N-methylaminomethyl]phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenze |