TYROTHRICIN structure
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Common Name | TYROTHRICIN | ||
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CAS Number | 1404-88-2 | Molecular Weight | 1228.44000 | |
Density | 1.32g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 1516.6ºC at 760mmHg | |
Molecular Formula | C65H85N11O13 | Melting Point | N/A | |
MSDS | N/A | Flash Point | 871ºC |
Use of TYROTHRICINTyrothricin is a polypeptide antibiotic mixture isolated from Bacillus brevis and consists of tyrocidines and gramicidins. Tyrothricin shows activity against bacteria, fungi and some viruses. Tyrothricin containing formulations are used in sore throat agents and in agents for the healing of infected superficial and small-area wounds[1]. |
Name | tyrothricin |
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Description | Tyrothricin is a polypeptide antibiotic mixture isolated from Bacillus brevis and consists of tyrocidines and gramicidins. Tyrothricin shows activity against bacteria, fungi and some viruses. Tyrothricin containing formulations are used in sore throat agents and in agents for the healing of infected superficial and small-area wounds[1]. |
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Related Catalog | |
In Vitro | Tyrothricin is a mixture of polypeptides, consisting of 50%-70% tyrocidines and 25%-50% gramicidins. The group of tyrocidines is basic, cyclic peptides, whereas the fraction of gramicidins is neutral, linear peptides. Besides physiological and essential L-amino acids, the components of Tyrothricin also contain D-amino acids[1]. Tyrothricin is produced by the gram-positive aerobic sporeforming bacterium Bacillus brevis (Strain ATCC 8185) during its sporulation phase via the nonribosomal pathway[1]. The efficacy spectrum of Tyrothricin mainly covers gram-positive but also several gram-negative bacteria. Corynebacteria and staphylococci show a broader range of Tyrothricin concentrations for inhibition (2-256 μg/mL). In contrast to the gramicidin fraction alone, Tyrothricin is able to inhibit all Staphylococcus strains at a maximum concentration of 128 μg/mL. Among the gram-negative organisms, gonococci and meningococci were the most sensitive germs (96 μg/mL)[1]. Tyrothricin exerts fungicidal effects on a variety of Candida species.Tyrothricin shows an anti-infectious activity against parainfluenza virus (type Sendai)[1]. |
In Vivo | In animal models using HSV type 1, a pre-incubation of the virus suspension with Tyrothricin could significantly decrease the lethality in mice. The effect could only be shown after a direct contact between Tyrothricin and the virus[1]. Nevertheless disruption of the integrity of eukaryotic membranes is observed at higher Tyrothricin concentrations in vitro. This effect is exemplified as hemolytic activity of Tyrothricin in in vitro studies and when applied to animals i.v.. In contrast to an intravenous (LD50 mouse: 3,7 mg/kg) and an intraperitoneal (LD50 mouse: 20-45 mg/kg) application the oral application is very well tolerated, as Tyrothricin is destroyed in the gastro-intestinal tract[1]. |
References |
Density | 1.32g/cm3 |
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Boiling Point | 1516.6ºC at 760mmHg |
Molecular Formula | C65H85N11O13 |
Molecular Weight | 1228.44000 |
Flash Point | 871ºC |
Exact Mass | 1227.63000 |
PSA | 379.75000 |
LogP | 5.10700 |
Vapour Pressure | 0mmHg at 25°C |
Index of Refraction | 1.635 |
Water Solubility | Practically insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol (96 per cent) and in methanol. |
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
HEALTH HAZARD DATAACUTE TOXICITY DATA
MUTATION DATA
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Safety Phrases | 22-24/25 |
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RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | YP2975000 |
Salivary levels of gramicidin after use of a tyrothricin-containing gargle/mouth-wash and tyrothricin lozenges.
Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 8(4) , 259-61, (1988) Three pharmaceutical preparations for the disinfection of the oropharynx were tested with regard to the gramicidin concentration obtained in the saliva after their appropriate application. Peak values... |
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Tyrocidine-induced modulation of the DNA conformation in Bacillus brevis.
Eur. J. Biochem. 170(1-2) , 253-8, (1987) Using the [3H]trimethylpsoralen photobinding method [Sinden, R.R., Carlson, J.O. & Pettijohn, D.E. (1980) Cell 21, 773-783], a decrease in unrestrained torsional tension of DNA was detected in Bacillu... |
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Fungicidal effect of tyrothricin on Candida albicans.
Mycoses 39(1-2) , 45-50, (1996) Tyrothricin, a polypeptide antibiotic, is active against yeast cells. Tyrothricin was rapidly fungicidal towards Candida albicans. Concentration of four times the minimum inhibitory (25 mg l-1) reduce... |