Halothane

DATA ITEMS CITED :

74

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C2-H-Br-Cl-F3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

197.39

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

GYEXFFF

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

7000 ppm/3H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

129 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - general anesthetic Cardiac - change in rate Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

5680 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

29000 ppm

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

98 gm/m3/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

6 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

10000 ppm/1H/7D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - conditioned vitamin deficiency

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

300 ppm/24H/5W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 ppm/8H/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased Biochemical - Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative) - dopamine at other sites

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

5126 mg/m3/4H/17W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

500 ppm/6H/9D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other oxidoreductases

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

300 ppm/24H/5W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

1 pph/4H/80D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Immunological Including Allergic - increase in cellular immune response Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

50 ppm/24H/5W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

10000 ppm/1H/7D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - conditioned vitamin deficiency Biochemical - Effect on specific coenzyme - not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

100 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 2-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 30 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

8000 ppm/12H

SEX/DURATION :

female 9 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

1600 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

10 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

8000 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-9 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

10 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

3000 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :

female 9 week(s) pre-mating female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

1000 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :

female 9 week(s) pre-mating female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

1 pph/3H

SEX/DURATION :

female 13 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

3000 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :

female 9 week(s) pre-mating female 1-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

14000 ppm/1H

SEX/DURATION :

female 8-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :

Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

DNA inhibition

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :

Bird - chicken

REFERENCE :

ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 404 mg/m3 (50 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,93,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,67,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW INTEAG Internist. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,7,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARMCAH Annual Review of Medicine. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,411,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CJSUAX Canadian Journal of Surgery. (Canadian Medical Assoc., POB 8650, Ottawa, ON K1G 0G8, Canada) V.1- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,217,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AASXAP Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, Supplementum. (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) No.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,1,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,328,1978 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.5 ppm (4.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (404 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 ppm (8 mg/m3);STEL 3 ppm (24 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 30 mg/m3;STEL 60 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (40 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO HALOTHANE-air:CL 2 ppm/60M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 82943 No. of Facilities: 806 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 8 No. of Employees: 9490 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 82943 No. of Facilities: 4118 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 94682 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 76108 (estimated)