LEAD CARBONATE

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C-O3.Pb

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

267.20

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

PB C-O3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

214 mg/kg/4W

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - contraction (isolated tissue) Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified

REFERENCE :

NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 303,459,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

571 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

REFERENCE :

IPSTB3 International Polymer Science and Technology. (Rapra Technology Ltd., Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4NR, UK) Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,93,1976

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

EQSSDX Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-5, 1975-76. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1,1975 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

27500 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - changes in spleen

REFERENCE :

PHRPA6 Public Health Reports. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1878- Volume(issue)/page/year: 56,1610,1941

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

57600 mg/kg/12D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :

BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,80,1973

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

4500 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - ataxia Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,160,1976

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

1860 mg/kg/6D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - irritability Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified

REFERENCE :

ANPTAL Acta Neuropathologica. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,185,1975 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

40 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

lactating female 16 day(s) post-birth

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,160,1976 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3; animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,40,1972 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Pb,258,1972 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.04 mg(Pb)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.005 ppm (0.01 mg(Pb)/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3 (resp. dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 (total dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO LEAD, INORGANIC-air:10H TWA <0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80252 No. of Facilities: 2919 (estimated) No. of Industries: 78 No. of Occupations: 55 No. of Employees: 48818 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80252 No. of Facilities: 139 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 12 No. of Employees: 2791 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 772 (estimated)