Ethane,2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy-

Modify Date: 2024-01-03 13:45:26

Ethane,2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy- structure	Common Name	Ethane,2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy-
	CAS Number	76-38-0	Molecular Weight	164.96600
	Density	1.4262	Boiling Point	103 °C
	Molecular Formula	C₃H₄Cl₂F₂O	Melting Point	-36°C
	MSDS	N/A	Flash Point	37°C

Use of Ethane,2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy-

Methoxyflurane is a halogenated volatile anaesthetic agent with potent analgesic effects at sub-anaesthetic doses. Methoxyflurane widely used as an open-circuit anaesthetic in small laboratory animals for several decades. Methoxyflurane has the risk of nephrotoxicity[1][2].

Name	methoxyflurane
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Methoxyflurane is a halogenated volatile anaesthetic agent with potent analgesic effects at sub-anaesthetic doses. Methoxyflurane widely used as an open-circuit anaesthetic in small laboratory animals for several decades. Methoxyflurane has the risk of nephrotoxicity[1][2].
Related Catalog	Research Areas >> Others Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others
In Vitro	Methoxyflurane is delivered via a hand-held inhaler[3].
In Vivo	The developmental toxicity of trace, subanesthetic, and anesthetic exposure to Methoxyflurane is examined in Swiss/ICR mice. No adverse effects on reproduction or fetal development were demonstrated following exposure to trace (2 ppm) and subanesthetic (60 ppm) concentrations of Methoxyflurane for 4 hours daily on days 6 through 15 of pregnancy. Exposure to an anesthetic concentration (2000 ppm; 0.2%) for the same period resulted in decreased fetal weight, decreased ossification, and delayed renal maturation. Additionally, the incidence of minor skeletal anomalies was increased. It is concluded that gestational exposure of mice to trace of subanesthetic concentrations of Methoxyflurane does not result in reproductive loss or morphologic abnormalities in their offspring[4].
References	[1]. Occupational exposure to methoxyflurane administered for procedural sedation: an observational study of 40 exposures. Br J Anaesth. 2018 Jun;120(6):1435-1437. [2]. Porter KM, et al. The role of inhaled methoxyflurane in acute pain management. Open Access Emerg Med. 2018 Oct 18;10:149-164. [3]. Methoxyflurane nephrotoxicity. JAMA. 1971 Aug 16;217(7):958-9. [4]. Wharton RS, et al., Developmental toxicity of methoxyflurane in mice. Anesth Analg. 1980 Jun;59(6):421-5.

Density	1.4262
Boiling Point	103 °C
Melting Point	-36°C
Molecular Formula	C₃H₄Cl₂F₂O
Molecular Weight	164.96600
Flash Point	37°C
Exact Mass	163.96100
PSA	9.23000
LogP	2.02930
Index of Refraction	1.386
Storage condition	-70°C
Stability	Stability

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KN7820000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ether, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 76-38-0

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1737766

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 34

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H4-Cl2-F2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 164.97

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: GYGXFFO1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - renal function tests depressed

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33500 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 21500 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 34 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 ppm/24H/14W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 48600 mg/m3/4H/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 100 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 400 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 2 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 2000 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Bird - chicken

REFERENCE :: ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,93,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,67,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KDYIA5 Kidney International. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,82,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CANJAE Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal. (Toronto, Ont., Canada) V.1-33, 1954-86. Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,152,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARMCAH Annual Review of Medicine. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,411,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,328,1978 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO METHOXYFLURANE-air:CL 2 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 82904 No. of Facilities: 627 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 8095 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 82904 No. of Facilities: 2120 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 32772 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 18210 (estimated)

Hazard Codes	Xi
Risk Phrases	R10
Safety Phrases	S23-S24/25
RIDADR	3271
RTECS	KN7820000
Packaging Group	III
Hazard Class	3

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