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乙酸丁酯

乙酸丁酯用途

【用途一】
用于火棉胶、硝化纤维、清漆、人造革、医药、塑料及香料工业中.是一种优良的有机溶剂,能够溶解松香、聚醋酸乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氯乙烯、氯化橡胶、杜仲胶、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯等。
【用途二】
用作分析试剂、色谱分析标准物质及溶剂
【用途三】
是优良的有机溶剂,广泛用于硝化纤维清漆中,在人造革、织物及塑料加工过程中用作溶剂,也用于香料工业
【用途四】
GB 2760一96规定为允许使用的食用香料。作为香料,大量用于配制香蕉、梨、菠萝、杏、桃及草莓、浆果等型香精。亦可用作天然胶和合成树脂等的溶剂。
【用途五】
偶用于果香型香精中,主要取其扩散力好的性能,更适宜作头香香料使用,但用量宜少,以免单独突出而影响效果。可大量用于如杏子、香蕉、桃子、生梨、凤梨、悬钩子、草莓等食用香精中。
【用途六】
优良的有机溶剂,对醋酸丁酸纤维素、乙基纤维素、氯化橡胶、聚苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸树脂以及许多天然树脂如栲胶、马尼拉胶、达玛树脂等均有良好的溶解性能。广泛应用于硝化纤维清漆中,在人造革、织物及塑料加工过程中用作溶剂,在各种石油加工和制药过程中用作萃取剂,也用于香料复配及杏、香蕉、梨、菠萝等各种香味剂的成分。
【用途七】
常用有机溶剂, 检定铊、锡和钨, 测定钼和铼, 抗生素萃取剂。
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乙酸丁酯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
123-86-4

[ 中文名 ]:
乙酸丁酯

[ 英文名 ]:
butyl acetate

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

乙酸丁酯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.9±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
126.6±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
−78 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C6H12O2

[ 分子量 ]:
116.158

[ 闪点 ]:
22.2±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
116.083733

[ PSA ]:
26.30000

[ LogP ]:
1.77

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体带有一种水果的气味

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
4 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
11.5±0.2 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.398

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.7 g/100 mL (20 ºC)

[ 凝固点 ]:
-77.9℃

乙酸丁酯MSDS

乙酸丁酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
AF7350000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Acetic acid, butyl ester
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
123-86-4
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
1741921
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
58
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C6-H12-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
116.18
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
4OV1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,515,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
REFERENCE :
ATDAEI Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1- 1990- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,196,1992 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
200 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10768 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes
REFERENCE :
ATDAEI Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1- 1990- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,196,1992
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015) Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,7,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
6 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 25(11),57,1981
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
6 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,1241,1981
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1230 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
SCCUR* Shell Chemical Company. Unpublished Report. (2401 Crow Canyon Rd., San Romon, CA 94583) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,2,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
68 gm/m3/72M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
REFERENCE :
AGGHAR Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. (Berlin, Ger.) V.1-18, 1930-61. For publisher information, see IAEHDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1933
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
3200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,28,1982
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
>17600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015) Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,7,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
4700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,28,1982
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
67 gm/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - antipsychotic
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,515,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - fatty liver degeneration Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,21,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
2648 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 76,189,1942
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
4300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
40 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
1592 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51(5),61,1986 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1500 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 36(1,pt2),61,1997 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-16 day(s) after conception
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB83-258038 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 950 mg/m3 (200 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 713 mg/m3 (150 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,28,1960 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 150 ppm (700 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,30,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 150 ppm (713 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (940 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 200 mg/m3;STEL 600 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-INDIA:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 200 ppm (950 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 200 ppm;STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 100 ppm (500 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (700 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 150 ppm (700 mg/m3);STEL 300 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO n-BUTYL ACETATE-air:10H TWA 150 ppm;STEL 200 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 14380 No. of Facilities: 52224 (estimated) No. of Industries: 280 No. of Occupations: 153 No. of Employees: 527992 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 14380 No. of Facilities: 55011 (estimated) No. of Industries: 271 No. of Occupations: 164 No. of Employees: 822099 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 143606 (estimated)
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乙酸丁酯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H226-H336

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P370 + P378

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T+

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R10;R66;R67

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1123 3/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
AF7350000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2915330000

乙酸丁酯合成路线

乙酸丁酯上下游产品

乙酸丁酯制备

1.由乙酸与正丁醇在硫酸存在下酯化而得。将丁醇、乙酸和硫酸按比例投入酯化釜,在120℃进行酯化,经回流脱水,控制酯化时的酸值在0.5以下,所得粗酯经中和后进入蒸馏釜,经蒸馏、冷凝、分离进行回流脱水,回收醇酯,最后在126℃以下蒸馏而得产品。生产工艺有连续法及间歇法,视生产规模不同而定。原料消耗定额:乙酸(98%)540kg/t、正丁醇650kg/t。近年来,开发应用固体酸、杂多酸等代替硫酸催化剂,以减轻设备腐蚀的科研报导日见增多,但尚未见成功用于工业生产的报道。

2.由乙酸与正丁醇在硫酸存在下酯化而得。精制方法:一般含有游离的乙酸和丁醇。若原料是由发酵法制得者尚含有少量的乙酸异丁酯、异丁醇、乙酸戊酯、乙酸己酯等。精制时用碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠饱和溶液洗涤,再用氯化钠饱和溶液洗涤,经无水碳酸钾、硫酸钠或硫酸镁干燥后精馏。残存的水和醇与酯形成共沸混合物变成初馏分除去。其他的精制方法有先蒸馏,再分批加入少量高锰酸钾回流,直到高锰酸钾的紫色不消失为止,无水硫酸钙干燥、过滤、再精馏。

3.将工业乙酸丁酯进行精馏、超净过滤、超净分装即可。

4.制法:

于装有回流冷凝器的反应瓶中,加入98%的甲酸61g(1.33mol),无水乙醇(2)31g(0.67mol),一粒沸石,加热回流反应24h。改为蒸馏装置进行蒸馏,收集62℃以下的馏分,溜出液用氯化钠饱和,再依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥,分馏,收集53~54℃的馏分,得甲酸丁酯(1)36g,收率72%。

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乙酸丁酯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2915390090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2915390090. 其他乙酸酯. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:AB(入境货物通关单,出境货物通关单). 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验 M.进口商品检验 N.出口商品检验

[ Summary ]:
2915390090. esters of acetic acid. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. Supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward). MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%

乙酸丁酯文献

How do esters and dimethyl sulphide concentrations affect fruity aroma perception of red wine? Demonstration by dynamic sensory profile evaluation.

Food Chem. 194 , 196-200, (2015)

Our study focused on variations in wine aroma perception and molecular composition during tasting over a period of 30min. In parallel, dynamic analytical and sensory methods were applied to study chan...

The EpiOcular Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for hazard identification and labelling of eye irritating chemicals: protocol optimisation for solid materials and the results after extended shipment.

Altern. Lab. Anim. 43 , 101-27, (2015)

The 7th Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive and the EU REACH Regulation have reinforced the need for in vitro ocular test methods. Validated in vitro ocular toxicity tests that can predict the hum...

Mosquito odorant receptor for DEET and methyl jasmonate.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 111(46) , 16592-7, (2014)

Insect repellents are important prophylactic tools for travelers and populations living in endemic areas of malaria, dengue, encephalitis, and other vector-borne diseases. DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbe...


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