乙烯酮
乙烯酮用途
乙烯酮非常活泼，主要用于制造乙酐及作乙酰化试剂。与乙醇反应，生成乙酰乙酸乙酯；与溴反应，生成溴代乙酰溴；与水、乙醇、乙酸、金属有机化合物反应，分别生成乙酸、乙酸乙酯、乙酐和酮。乙烯酮是多种工业有机化学品的原料。
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乙烯酮名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
463-51-4
[ 中文名 ]:
乙烯酮
[ 英文名 ]:
ketene
[英文别名 ]:
- ketene
- carbometene
- oxoethylene
- Ethen-1-one
- ethylene-oxide
- Keten
- methylene ketone
- methyleneoxaethylene
- Carbomethene
乙烯酮物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
0.712 g/cm3
[ 沸点 ]:
-56ºC
[ 熔点 ]:
-150ºC
[ 分子式 ]:
C2H2O
[ 分子量 ]:
42.03670
[ 精确质量 ]:
42.01060
[ PSA ]:
17.07000
[ LogP ]:
0.00400
[ 外观性状 ]:
无色气体,带有特有的气味
[ 蒸汽压 ]:
12600mmHg at 25°C
[ 折射率 ]:
1.303
[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开储运
乙烯酮毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- OA7700000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Ketene
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 463-51-4
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 30
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C2-H2-O
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 42.04
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- OCU1
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 23 ppm/30M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- REFERENCE :
- JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,209,1949
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Primate - monkey
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 ppm/10M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- REFERENCE :
- JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,209,1949
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 750 ppm/10M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
- REFERENCE :
- JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,209,1949
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 53 ppm/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- REFERENCE :
- JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,209,1949
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 53 ppm/2H
- REFERENCE :
- JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,209,1949 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 2.6 mg/m3 (1.5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.86 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,143,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3);STEL 1.5 ppm (3 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.89 mg/m3);STEL 1.5 ppm (2.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3);STEL 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3);STEL 1.5 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO KETENE-air:10H TWA 0.5 ppm;STEL 1.5 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 41840 No. of Facilities: 33 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 66 (estimated)
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乙烯酮安全信息
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1955
[ 危险类别 ]:
2.3
[ 海关编码 ]:
2914190090
乙烯酮合成路线
乙烯酮上下游产品
乙烯酮上游产品
乙烯酮下游产品
乙烯酮制备
工业制法有两种。1.乙酸热解法 乙酸蒸气在700℃左右和稍加压下，以磷酸三乙酯为催化剂，热解脱水而得。将95%（W/V）乙酸液经流量计计量加入气化器气化。气化器与10%磷酸三乙酯水溶液混合，进入高铬钢制成的管式反应器，温度控制在700±20℃进行裂解。裂解气体与氨气（稳定剂）混合，分别进入一、二、三段冷凝器，第一、二段冷凝分离含量为40%左右的稀乙酸，浓缩回收使用。第三段冷凝分离得到70%左右乙酐。冷却后的裂化气体乙烯酮，以乙酸计收率可达90%。2.丙酮热解法将丙酮蒸气通入温度为650-800℃的管子中，热解气除含乙烯酮外，还含丙酮、甲烷、乙烯和一氧化碳等，经分级冷却冷凝纯化得到成品。另外，将乙炔和氧按摩尔比2：1混合，在温度为98-107℃以硅胶为载体的 ZnO/CaO/Ag2O催化剂上停留1s，即可直接生成乙烯酮。
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乙烯酮海关
[ 海关编码 ]: 2914190090
[ 中文概述 ]:
2914190090 其他不含其他含氧基的无环酮。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最惠国关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%
[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 丙酮报明包装
[ Summary ]:
2914190090 other acyclic ketones without other oxygen function。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%
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相关化合物
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