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7439-92-1生产厂家

7439-92-1价格

7439-92-1

7439-92-1结构式
7439-92-1结构式
  • 常用中文名:铅片
  • 常用英文名:Lead
  • CAS号:7439-92-1
  • 分子式:Pb
  • 分子量:207.20000
  • 相关类别: 无机化工 单质
  • 发布时间:2018-02-08 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-02 16:23:42
  • 1.主要用作电缆、蓄电池、铅冶炼、废杂铜冶炼、印刷、焊锡等。用于化合物半导体、致冷元件、红外光电转换器件、高效温差元件以及焊料,分析试剂、还原剂等。 2.用于制造化合物半导体、红外光电转换器件、温差元件等。还用于制备蓄电池、熔断保险丝、铅板、冶金和化工设备衬里及X射线的防护层等。用于化合物半导体、致冷元件、红外光电转换器件、高效温差元件以及焊料等。 3.用于制造化合物半导体、红外光电转换器件、温差元件等。
    4.用作分析试剂,如作还原剂,铱与铂和铷分离用试剂。蓄电池材料。X射线防护材料。合金制造。

化源商城直购

中文名
英文名 Lead
中文别名 水质铅标样
电解铅,铅PB
英文别名 EINECS 231-100-4
MFCD00134050
Lead
lead powder
密度 11.340 g/cm3
沸点 1740 °C(lit.)
熔点 600.6 ºC
分子式 Pb
分子量 207.20000
精确质量 207.97700
外观性状 灰色金属颗粒,闪光的,金属薄片,片或粉末
折射率 2.881 (632.8 nm)
储存条件

应存放于清洁、干燥和无酸、碱气氛的库房内。产品在运输过程中应防雨淋和防潮,不得剧烈碰撞。

稳定性

1.常温下,化学性质稳定。在空气中变暗,有延展性。

2.沸腾时,其蒸气有剧毒,易溶于稀硝酸,在碱溶液中能逐渐溶解并形成亚铅酸盐。可与多种
金属共熔为合金。

水溶解性 H2O: soluble
计算化学

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:0

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

7.重原子数量:1

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:0

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

更多

1. 性状:带蓝灰色、有金属光泽的软金属(面心立方)。

2. 密度(g/mL,18℃):11.343

3. 相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):未确定

4. 熔点(ºC):327.46

5. 沸点(ºC,常压):1740

6. 沸点(ºC,5.2kPa):未确定

7. 折射率:未确定

8. 闪点(ºC):未确定

9. 比旋光度(º):未确定

10. 自燃点或引燃温度(ºC):790(粉)

11. 蒸气压(mmHg,ºC):未确定

12. 饱和蒸气压(kPa, 970ºC):0.13

13. 燃烧热(KJ/mol):未确定

14. 临界温度(ºC):未确定

15. 临界压力(KPa):未确定

16. 油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值:未确定

17. 爆炸上限(%,V/V):未确定

18. 爆炸下限(%,V/V):未确定

19. 溶解性:不溶于水,溶于硝酸、热浓硫酸、碱液,不溶于稀盐酸。

第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称:
化学品英文名称: Lead;Lead flake
中文俗名或商品名:
Synonyms:
CAS No.: 7439-92-1
分子式: Pb
分子量: 207.2
第二部分:成分/组成信息
纯化学品混合物
化学品名称:铅
有害物成分 含量 CAS No.
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径: 吸入 食入
健康危害: 损害造血、神经、消化系统及肾脏。职业中毒主要为慢性。神经系统主要表现为神经衰弱综合征、周围神经病(以运动功能受累较明显),重者出现铅中毒性脑病。消化系统表现有齿龈铅线、食欲不振、恶心、腹胀、腹泻或便秘,腹绞痛见于中等及较重病例。造血系统损害出现卟啉代谢障碍、贫血等。短时接触大剂量可发生急性或亚急性铅中毒,表现类似重症慢性铅中毒。
环境危害: 对环境有严重危害,对水体、土壤和大气可造成污染。
燃爆危险: 本品可燃。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触: 脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水及流动清水彻底冲洗。
眼睛接触: 立即翻开上下眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
吸入: 迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。呼吸困难时给输氧。呼吸停止时,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入: 给饮足量温水,催吐,就医。
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性: 粉体在受热、遇明火或接触氧化剂时会引起燃烧爆炸。
有害燃烧产物: 氧化铅。
灭火方法及灭火剂: 干粉、砂土。
消防员的个体防护: 消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服,在上风向灭火。
禁止使用的灭火剂:
闪点(℃): 无资料
自燃温度(℃): 引燃温度(℃):790(粉)
爆炸下限[%(V/V)]: 无资料
爆炸上限[%(V/V)]: 无资料
最小点火能(mJ):
爆燃点:
爆速:
最大燃爆压力(MPa):
建规火险分级:
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理: 切断火源。戴好防毒面具,穿一般消防防护服。用洁净的铲子收集于干燥净洁有盖的容器中,用水泥、沥青或适当的热塑性材料固化处理再废弃。如大量泄漏,收集回收或无害处理后废弃。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项: 操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩,戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿防毒物渗透工作服,戴乳胶手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。避免产生粉尘。避免与酸类接触。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。应与酸类分开存放,切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。
第八部分:接触控制/个体防护
最高容许浓度: 中 国 MAC:0.03mg/m3[铅烟] 0.05mg/m3[铅尘] 前苏联MAC:0.01
监测方法:
工程控制: 一般不需特殊防护,但需防止烟尘危害。
呼吸系统防护: 作业工人应该佩戴防尘口罩。
眼睛防护: 必要时可采用安全面罩。
身体防护: 穿工作服。
手防护: 必要时戴防护手套。
其他防护: 工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后,淋浴更衣。实行就业前和定期的体检。保持良好的卫生习惯。
第九部分:理化特性
外观与性状: 灰白色质软的粉末,切削面有光泽,延性弱,展性强。
pH:
熔点(℃): 327
沸点(℃): 1620
相对密度(水=1): 11.34(20℃)
相对蒸气密度(空气=1):
饱和蒸气压(kPa): 0.13(970℃)
燃烧热(kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃):
临界压力(MPa): 最大爆炸压力(102kPa):0.2,最大爆炸压力上升速率(100
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值:
闪点(℃): 无资料
引燃温度(℃): 引燃温度(℃):790(粉)
爆炸上限%(V/V): 无资料
爆炸下限%(V/V): 无资料
分子式: Pb
分子量: 207.2
蒸发速率:
粘性:
溶解性: 不溶于水,溶于硝酸、热浓硫酸、碱液,不溶于稀盐酸。
主要用途: 主要用作电缆、蓄电池、铅冶炼、废杂铜冶炼、印刷、焊锡等。
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性: 在常温常压下 稳定
禁配物: 强酸。
避免接触的条件:
聚合危害: 不能出现
分解产物: 氧化铅。
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性:
急性中毒:
慢性中毒:
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性: 水中浓度 0.1mg/L时,水体的生化自净能力受抑制,浓度 1mg/L时,使BOD5降低 23%。
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
UN编号:
包装标志:
包装类别:
包装方法:
运输注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风仓间内。远离火种、热源。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、酸类分开存放。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。起运时包装要完整,装载应稳妥。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与酸类等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋,防高温。
RETCS号:
IMDG规则页码:
第十五部分:法规信息
国内化学品安全管理法规: 化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987年2月17日国务院发布),化学危险物品安全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677号),工作场所安全使用化学品规定 ([1996]劳部发423号)等法规,针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定;大气中铅及其无机化合物的卫生标准(GB 7355-87),规定了车间空气中该物质的最高容许浓度及检测方法。
国际化学品安全管理法规:
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献: 1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
填表时间: 年月日
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息: 4
MSDS修改日期: 年月日

毒理学数据:

吸入粉尘可损害造血、神经、消化系统及肾脏。表现为慢性中毒。短时接触大剂量可发生急性或亚急性铅中毒

生态学数据:

水中浓度 0.1mg/L时,水体的生化自净能力受抑制,浓度 1mg/L时,使BOD5降低 23%。水中嗅觉阈浓度: 水中铅浓度 2mg/L时,有金属味。

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
OF7525000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Lead
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7439-92-1
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
77
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
Pb
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
207.19
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
PB

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
450 mg/kg/6Y
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - muscle weakness
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
10 ug/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - gastritis Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION :
160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1050 ug/kg/30W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - alteration of classical conditioning Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
6879 mg/kg/5W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - other changes Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
790 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigenerations
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1140 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 14 day(s) pre-mating - 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
520 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 10 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
10 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
3 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1120 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigenerations
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
6300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-2 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
4800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
662 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2118 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
lactating female 15 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :
Primate - monkey
REFERENCE :
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,165,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.05(Pb)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,230,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TRBMAV Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine. (Galveston, TX) V.1-41(2), 1943-81/82. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,85,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,783,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JDSCAE Journal of Dairy Science. (American Dairy Science Assoc., 309 W. Clark St., Champaign, IL 61820) V.1- 1917- Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,1767,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW IRXPAT International Review of Experimental Pathology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,1,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTPHBG Current Topics in Pathology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.51- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55,147,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,377,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW QURBAW Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. (Cambridge Univ. Press, The Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,75,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,55,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915- Volume(issue)/page/year: 164,277,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEMBAP Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,239,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,151,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,313,1942 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW GEIGAI Gendai Igaku. Current Medicine. (Aichi-ken Ishikai, 14-28, Sakae 4-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,291,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW STEVA8 Science of the Total Environment. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,341,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Pb,254,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PDTNBH Paediatrician. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,204,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMTODM Advances in Modern Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1, 1976-79. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,209,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 76,115,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 49DXAV "Health Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Infant Formula and Junior Food, Proceedings of the Symposium, 1981," Schmidt, E.H.F., and A.G. Hildebrandt, eds., Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1983 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,57,1983 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,396,1975 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.15 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,143,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):see CFR 29,1910.1025 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-FRANCE:TWA 150 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO LEAD, INORGANIC-air:10H TWA <0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 42490 No. of Facilities: 8256 (estimated) No. of Industries: 107 No. of Occupations: 81 No. of Employees: 103308 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3272 No. of Facilities: 149 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 4226 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 777 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5909 No. of Facilities: 53 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 857 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 437 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X8307 No. of Facilities: 13 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 616 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 42490 No. of Facilities: 43061 (estimated) No. of Industries: 235 No. of Occupations: 146 No. of Employees: 767619 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 236378 (estimated)

符号 GHS07 GHS08 GHS09
GHS07, GHS08, GHS09
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H302 + H332-H351-H360Df-H373-H410
警示性声明 P201-P261-P273-P304 + P340 + P312-P308 + P313-P391
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
危害码 (欧洲) T:Toxic
风险声明 (欧洲) R20/22;R33;R50/53;R61;R62
安全声明 (欧洲) S53-S45-S61-S36/37-S36-S26
危险品运输编码 UN 3082 9/PG 3
WGK德国 3
RTECS号 OF7525000
包装等级 III
危险类别 8

1.电解法以1号铅锭为原料,采用贝特(Bett)炼铅法,以氟硅酸作为电解浴。其电解精炼的条件为:电解液组成含铅80~100 g/L、氟硅酸90~140 g/L,电解液温度34~40℃,槽电压0.6~0.7 V,电流密度0.98~2 A/cm2。经电解精炼后,制得99.999%高纯铅。再以99.999%高纯铅为原料,经电解精炼进一步提纯,制得99.9999%高纯铅。

2.向5kg分析纯冰醋酸和500g分析纯醋酸酐的混合液中加入10kg分析纯的PbAc2·3H2O,微微加热使其溶解。冷至室温后,将100g纯硫代乙酸或100g纯硫脲溶于热的无水乙醇形成的溶液迅速而均匀地搅溶。再置水浴上加热,直至PbS凝结析出完毕。放置沉降之后,用玻璃砂芯漏斗将PbS抽滤除去;用二次蒸馏水将滤液稀释,使绝大部分的PbAc2·3H2O再沉淀析出。将糊状微细结晶吸滤,然后再按上述方法操作一次或两次。随后把纯制的盐干燥。将它分作若干份置于有盖的瓷坩埚中加热,即生成金属铅与少量的氧化铅。加热温度不得过高,勿使PbO熔融。待醋酸铅分解完毕后,小心除去铅表面氧化物的膜,并将熔成液态的铅浇铸到适当形状的容器中。

上述操作中所用的一切器皿、仪器装置均在使用前用溴和硝酸的混合物及二次蒸馏水彻底洗涤。

3.以含铅100g/L和硅氟酸 ( 游离)130g/L的溶液为电解液,电解 温 度 为 30~35℃,电 流 密 度100A/m2以上,阳极应用隔膜以防阳极分散,该电解法可获得较高纯度铅。

4.电导水使硝酸铅 ( 或醋酸铅)重结晶三次,然后制成电解液进行电解。电解温度18~20℃,电
度强度1.2A。该电解法可制得试剂铅。