| Description |
Erucin (ERU) is an isothiocyanate particularly abundant in arugula. Erucin shows anticancer, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3][4].
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| Related Catalog |
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| In Vitro |
Erucin (ERU) (0-100 μM) releases H2S and inhibits cell viability in AsPC‐1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner[1]. Erucin inhibits cell migration and altered the AsPC‐1 cell cycle, reducing G0/G1 phase and increasing G2/M and S phases[1]. Erucin (30 μM, 72 h) induces AsPC‐1 cell apoptosis and inhibits cell migration[1]. Erucin reduces levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in AsPC‐1 cells[1]. Erucin (0-200 μM, 24 h) shows antiproliferative activity with an IC50 of 97.7 µM in A549 cells[2]. Erucin (0-50 μM, 24 h) induces the cleavage of PARP-1 at 50 µM, and increases p53 and p21 protein expression in A549 cells[2]. Erucin decreases LPS-induced production of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells[3]. Erucin decreases LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in RAW 264.7 cells[3]. Erucin inhibits LPS-induced activation of NFκB Signaling in RAW 264.7 cells[3]. Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Line: AsPC‐1 Concentration: 10, 30, and 100 μM Incubation Time: 72 h Result: Showed a significant and concentration‐dependent reduction of cell viability. Cell Cycle Analysis[1] Cell Line: AsPC‐1 Concentration: 30 μM Incubation Time: 72 h Result: Showed a particular increase of cells number in the G2/M phase (36.6% ± 3.5 vs. vehicle‐treated cells in the G2/M phase: 24.0% ± 1.3) and in the S‐phase (18.1% ± 1.5 vs. vehicle‐treated cells in the S phase: 11.0% ± 0.7) and a consequent significant reduction of cells in the G0/G1 phase (35.1% ± 5.0 vs. vehicle‐treated cells in the G0/G1 phase: 59.5% ± 1.8. Apoptosis Analysis[1] Cell Line: AsPC‐1 Concentration: 30 μM Incubation Time: 72 h Result: Significantly increased the number of total apoptotic cells (apoptotic dead cells and apoptotic live cells; vehicle: 17.7% ± 2.5 vs. Erucin: 28.7% ± 4.2). Cell Proliferation Assay[2] Cell Line: A549 Concentration: 0-200 µM Incubation Time: 24 h Result: Showed antiproliferative effect with an IC50 of 97.7 µM. Western Blot Analysis[2] Cell Line: A549 Concentration: 0-50 µM Incubation Time: 24 h Result: Induced the cleavage of PARP-1 at 50 µM. Increased p53 and p21 protein expression. Western Blot Analysis[3] Cell Line: RAW 264.7 Concentration: 0, 2.5, and 5 µM Incubation Time: 30 min Result: Decreased the expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS. Suppressed the LPS-induced reduction in IκB-α. Suppressed NFκB DNA binding and transcriptional activity. RT-PCR[3] Cell Line: RAW 264.7 Concentration: 0, 2.5, and 5 µM Incubation Time: 24 h Result: Decreased LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β production.
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| In Vivo |
Erucin (ERU) (0-300 nM) significantly inhibits TPA-induced edema formation[3].Erucin (30 μmol/kg; i.p.; twice a week for 4 week) shows neuroprotective effects[4]. Animal Model: Female ICR mice (4 weeks of age), TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced mouse ear edema model[3] Dosage: 0, 100, and 300 nM Administration: Topically applied to the mouse ear 30 min prior to the topical application of TPA Result: Significantly inhibited TPA-induced edema formation. Animal Model: Male C57Bl/6 mice (9 weeks old, 25–30 g body weight)[4] Dosage: 30 μmol/kg Administration: Intraperitoneal administration, twice a week, 4 weeks (Induce brain lesion by intrastriatal injection of 6-OHDA). Result: Induced a partial recovery in the rotational behavior test. Upregulated the expression of TH. Counteract neuronal death and DNA fragmentation in 6-OHDA lesioned mice. increase total GSH and Nrf2 levels in 6-OHDA lesioned mice.
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| References |
[1]. Valentina Citi, et al. Anticancer properties of erucin, an H2 S-releasing isothiocyanate, on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (AsPC-1). Phytother Res. 2019 Mar;33(3):845-855. [2]. A. Melchini, et al. Erucin, a new promising cancer chemopreventive agent from rocket salads, shows anti-proliferative activity on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jul;47(7):1430-6. [3]. Han Jin Cho, et al. Erucin exerts anti-inflammatory properties in murine macrophages and mouse skin: possible mediation through the inhibition of NFκB signaling. Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Oct 15;14(10):20564-77. [4]. Fabiana Morroni, et al. Comparison of Adaptive Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Sulforaphane and its Interconversion Product Erucin in in Vitro and in Vivo Models of Parkinson's Disease. J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Jan 31;66(4):856-865.
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