Pioglitazone

Modify Date: 2024-01-03 08:44:37

Pioglitazone Structure
Pioglitazone structure
 Common Name Pioglitazone
CAS Number 111025-46-8 Molecular Weight 356.44
Density 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 575.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C19H20N2O3S Melting Point 183-184ºC
MSDS N/A Flash Point 301.8±28.7 °C

 Use of Pioglitazone


Pioglitazone is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively.

 Names

Name pioglitazone
Synonym More Synonyms

 Pioglitazone Biological Activity

Description Pioglitazone is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively.
Related Catalog
Target

PPARδ:0.01 μM (EC50, Human PPARδ)

PPARα:0.93 μM (EC50, Human PPARα)

PPARγ:43 μM (EC50, Human PPARγ)

In Vitro AGEs-induced beta cell necrosis is completely abrogated by adding Pioglitazone to the AGEs culture medium. Furthermore Pioglitazone completely prevented any AGEs-induced increment in caspase-3 activation, thereby restoring caspase-3 activity to the same levels as the control cells. As expected AG is able to counteract AGEs-induced impaired viability[2].
In Vivo The serum-free fatty acid and triglyceride levels as well as adipocyte sizes in ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice are unchanged after 10 mg/kg Pioglitazone but are significantly reduced to a similar degree after 30 mg/kg Pioglitazone. Moreover, the expressions of TNFα and resistin in adipose tissues of ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice are unchanged after 10 mg/kg Pioglitazone but are decreased after 30 mg/kg Pioglitazone. Thus, Pioglitazone-induced amelioration of insulin resistance and diabetes may occur adiponectin dependently in the liver and adiponectin independently in skeletal muscle[3]. Pioglitazone (10 mg/kg per d) treatment significantly attenuates the loss of body weight (BW) and cardiac hypertrophy. Pioglitazone treatment significantly reduces the elevated serum glucose levels and markedly improved the associated dyslipidemia. Furthermore, there is a slight but significant increase in serum creatinine level in D rats over their N controls (P <0.05). However, a marked renal dysfunction is observed in diabetic nephropathic (DN) group (P<0.05). Moreover, DN rats exhibits the highest serum activity of CK-MB, relative to both N and D rats (P<0.05). Pioglitazone is able to decrease the elevated serum levels of both creatinine and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB)[4].
Cell Assay In order to evaluate cell proliferation, HIT-T15 cells are seeded on 96-well plates (3×104 cells/well) and cultured for 5 days as described. Viable cells are determined using the Cell Titer 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay. To evaluate cell apoptosis and cell necrosis, HIT-T15 cells are plated on 6-well dishes (7×105 cells/well) for 5 days in standard conditions (CTR) or in the presence of AGEs (AGEs) with or without Pioglitazone (0.5 or 1 μM) or AG (1 mM). They are then processed to measure both the activity of caspase-3 and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (a stable cytosolic enzyme that is a marker of cell membrane damage and cell death due to necrosis) using Cytotox 96 Non Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay[2].
Animal Admin Mice[3] 10 mg/kg Pioglitazone HCl or vehicle (0.25% carboxymethylcellulose) is adnimistered to ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice by oral gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. 30 mg/kg Pioglitazone or vehicle is also adnimistered to ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice by oral gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. Rats[4] Male Wistar albino rats (weighing 250±20 g) are ued.Rats that achieved serum glucose level ≥250 mg/dL and serum creatinine level ≥1.5 mg/dL are divided into 2 groups (n=10 per each group): diabetic nephropathic (DN) group in which rats received an equal amount of vehicle (0.5% carboxy methyl cellulose) and Pioglitazone-treated (DN+Pio) group in which rats treated with Pioglitazone. Pioglitazone (10 mg/kg BW) is given orally by gastric gavage, once daily, for 4 weeks.
References

[1]. Kuwabara K, et al. A novel selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist, 2-methyl-c-5-[4-[5-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxazolyl]butyl]-1,3-dioxane-r-2-carboxylic acid (NS-220), potently decreases plasma triglyceride and glucose leve

[2]. Puddu A, et al. Pioglitazone attenuates the detrimental effects of advanced glycation end-products in the pancreatic beta cell line HIT-T15. Regul Pept. 2012 Aug 20;177(1-3):79-84.

[3]. Kubota N, et al. Pioglitazone ameliorates insulin resistance and diabetes by both adiponectin-dependent and -independent pathways. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 31;281(13):8748-55.

[4]. Elrashidy RA, et al. Pioglitazone attenuates cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Sep;17(3):324-33.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 575.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 183-184ºC
Molecular Formula C19H20N2O3S
Molecular Weight 356.44
Flash Point 301.8±28.7 °C
PSA 93.59000
LogP 2.94
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.611

 MSDS

Material Safety Data Sheet
Section1. Identification of the substance
Product Name: Pioglitazone
Synonyms:
Section2. Hazards identification
Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin, and if swallowed.
Section3. Composition/information on ingredients.
Ingredient name:Pioglitazone
CAS number:111025-46-8
Section4. First aid measures
Skin contact:Immediately wash skin with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Eye contact:Immediately wash skin with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Assure adequate
flushing of the eyes by separating the eyelids with fingers. If irritation persists, seek medical
attention.
Inhalation:Remove to fresh air. In severe cases or if symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Ingestion:Wash out mouth with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Section5. Fire fighting measures
In the event of a fire involving this material, alone or in combination with other materials, use dry
powder or carbon dioxide extinguishers. Protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
should be worn.
Section6. Accidental release measures
Personal precautions: Wear suitable personal protective equipment which performs satisfactorily and meets local/state/national
standards.
Respiratory precaution:Wear approved mask/respirator
Hand precaution:Wear suitable gloves/gauntlets
Skin protection:Wear suitable protective clothing
Eye protection:Wear suitable eye protection
Methods for cleaning up: Mix with sand or similar inert absorbent material, sweep up and keep in a tightly closed container
for disposal. See section 12.
Environmental precautions: Do not allow material to enter drains or water courses.
Section7. Handling and storage
Handling:This product should be handled only by, or under the close supervision of, those properly qualified
in the handling and use of potentially hazardous chemicals, who should take into account the fire,
health and chemical hazard data given on this sheet.
Store in closed vessels, refrigerated.
Storage:
Section8. Exposure Controls / Personal protection
Engineering Controls: Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Personal protective equipment: Wear laboratory clothing, chemical-resistant gloves and safety goggles.
General hydiene measures: Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
Section9. Physical and chemical properties
Appearance:Not specified
Boiling point:No data
No data
Melting point:
Flash point:No data
Density:No data
Molecular formula:C19H20N2O3S
Molecular weight:356.4
Section10. Stability and reactivity
Conditions to avoid: Heat, flames and sparks.
Materials to avoid: Oxidizing agents.
Possible hazardous combustion products: Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides.
Section11. Toxicological information
No data.
Section12. Ecological information
No data.
Section13. Disposal consideration
Arrange disposal as special waste, by licensed disposal company, in consultation with local waste
disposal authority, in accordance with national and regional regulations.
Section14. Transportation information
Non-harzardous for air and ground transportation.
Section15. Regulatory information
No chemicals in this material are subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III, Section
302, or have known CAS numbers that exceed the threshold reporting levels established by SARA
Title III, Section 313.

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

 Safety Information

Hazard Codes F,C
Risk Phrases R20/21/22
Safety Phrases S36/37

 Synonyms

2,4-Thiazolidinedione, 5-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-
2,4-Thiazolidinedione, 5-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]- (9CI)
5-[[4-[2-[(5-ethyl-2-pyridyl)]ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]thiazolidine- 2,4-dione
5-{4-[2-(5-Ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]benzyl}-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
Actos
Pioglitazone
5-{4-[2-(5-Ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]benzyl}-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
Pioglitazone [Ban:Inn]
2,4-Thiazolidinedione, 5-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-, (±)-
5-((4-(2-(5-Ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione
5-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-Thiazolidinedione
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Related Compounds: More...
Pioglitazone
105355-27-9
Pioglitazone D4
1134163-29-3
Pioglitazone-d4
1134163-31-7
Pioglitazone HCl
112529-15-4
Ketopioglitazone-d4
1215370-26-5
Hydroxypioglitazone
939384-55-1
Pioglitazone N-Oxide
145350-09-0
Pioglitazone 2-Imine
105355-26-8
Hydroxy Pioglitazone
146062-44-4
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