Propyl Gallate

Modify Date: 2026-06-30 16:50:18

Propyl Gallate Structure
Propyl Gallate structure
Common Name Propyl Gallate
CAS Number 121-79-9 Molecular Weight 212.199
Density 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 448.6±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C10H12O5 Melting Point 146-149 °C(lit.)
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 181.3±20.8 °C
Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning

 Use of Propyl Gallate


Propyl gallate is a common food antioxidant. Propyl gallate can inhibit the production of acrolein, glyoxal and methylglyoxal[1][2].

Summary: Propyl gallate, also known as propyl gallol, CAS number 121-79-9, with molecular formula C10H12O5 and molecular weight 212.199. It appears as white granules with a melting point of 146-149°C. Primarily used as a food and feed antioxidant, with a maximum usage of 0.1g/kg. For research-use only, not for medical or clinical usage.


 Names

This table lists Chinese names, IUPAC names and various aliases of this chemical substance.

Name Propyl gallate
Synonym More Synonyms

 Propyl Gallate Biological Activity

This table contains bioactivity, target information and biological‑assay experimental data of this compound.

Description Propyl gallate is a common food antioxidant. Propyl gallate can inhibit the production of acrolein, glyoxal and methylglyoxal[1][2].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Cui H, et al. Dual effects of propyl gallate and its methylglyoxal adduct on carbonyl stress and oxidative stress. Food Chem. 2018 Nov 1;265:227-232.

[2]. Wang J, et al. Scavenging of Acrolein by Food-Grade Antioxidant Propyl Gallate in a Model Reaction System and Cakes. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Aug 7;67(31):8520-8526.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

This table shows physicochemical parameters including melting point, boiling point, density, solubility and optical rotation. Missing data is marked as N/A.

Density 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 448.6±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 146-149 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula C10H12O5
Molecular Weight 212.199
Flash Point 181.3±20.8 °C
Exact Mass 212.068466
PSA 86.99000
LogP 2.60
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.596
InChIKey ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES CCCOC(=O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1
Storage condition 0-6°C
Water Solubility 0.35 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

 MSDS

This table provides MSDS information including hazard classification, first‑aid, fire‑fighting, spill handling, operation and storage instructions.

 Toxicological Information

This table summarizes toxicological test data, acute & chronic toxicity and ecological hazard parameters for this chemical.

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
LW8400000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Gallic acid, propyl ester
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
121-79-9
LAST UPDATED :
199710
DATA ITEMS CITED :
27
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C10-H12-O5
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
212.22
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
QR BQ CQ EVO3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
380 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
2750 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
2480 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
42 gm/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
700 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
113750 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
84 gm/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
168 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
45 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
19 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION :
5 mg/L
REFERENCE :
SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895- Volume(issue)/page/year: 236,933,1987 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128) V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(3),23,1985 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 82907 No. of Facilities: 1188 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 8 No. of Employees: 5592 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 82907 No. of Facilities: 1806 (estimated) No. of Industries: 18 No. of Occupations: 29 No. of Employees: 42475 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 23494 (estimated)

 Safety Information

This table covers safety warnings, protective measures, incompatible substances and disposal guidelines for this compound.

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302-H317
Precautionary Statements P280-P301 + P312 + P330
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xn:Harmful
Risk Phrases R22;R43
Safety Phrases S24-S37
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 2
RTECS LW8400000
HS Code 29182950

 Synthetic Route

This table presents publicly reported synthetic routes, reaction conditions, reactants and product information of the compound.

~75%

Propyl Gallate Structure

Propyl Gallate

CAS#:121-79-9

Learn More
Literature: US4613683 A1, ;

~%

Propyl Gallate Structure

Propyl Gallate

CAS#:121-79-9

Learn More
Literature: Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, , vol. 78, p. 32 - 37

~88%

Propyl Gallate Structure

Propyl Gallate

CAS#:121-79-9

Learn More
Literature: Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, , vol. 67, # 3-4 p. 242 - 250

~56%

Propyl Gallate Structure

Propyl Gallate

CAS#:121-79-9

Learn More
Literature: Food Chemistry, , vol. 128, # 1 p. 214 - 217

~%

Propyl Gallate Structure

Propyl Gallate

CAS#:121-79-9

Learn More
Literature: Food Chemistry, , vol. 128, # 1 p. 214 - 217

 Customs

This table shows customs‑related data including HS‑code, tariff and regulatory conditions for import and export.

HS Code 2918290000
Summary HS: 2918290000 other carboxylic acids with phenol function but without other oxygen function, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward) VAT:17.0% MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

 Articles77

More Articles

This table lists relevant public references with title, journal and publication metadata for this compound.

Sp1 sites in the noncoding control region of BK polyomavirus are key regulators of bidirectional viral early and late gene expression.

J. Virol. 89(6) , 3396-411, (2015)

In kidney transplant patients with BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) nephropathy, viral variants arise bearing rearranged noncoding control regions (rr-NCCRs) that increase viral early gene expression, replicat...

HIV-1 and its gp120 inhibits the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 life cycle in an IFITM3-dependent fashion.

PLoS ONE 9(6) , e101056, (2014)

HIV-1-infected patients co-infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 surprisingly presented benign clinical outcome. The knowledge that HIV-1 changes the host homeostatic equilibrium, which may favor the patient res...

Diminished viral control during simian immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with aberrant PD-1hi CD4 T cell enrichment in the lymphoid follicles of the rectal mucosa.

J. Immunol. 193(9) , 4527-36, (2014)

The inhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) has been shown to regulate CD8 T cell function during chronic SIV infection; however, its role on CD4 T cells, specifically in the gut-associated lymp...

 Synonyms

This table collects all English aliases, systematic names and CAS‑related synonyms of the compound.

nipa49
Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
Propyl gallate
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester
gallic acid propyl ester
Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, propyl ester
Sustane PG
Gallic acid n-propyl ester
tenoxpg
MFCD00002196
n-Propyl Gallate
PG
EINECS 204-498-2
PROGALLIN P
n-propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
FEMA 2947
Nipanox S 1
FEMA 2974

 Propyl Gallate | FAQ

This section contains frequently‑asked‑questions about this compound, including basic parameters, properties, storage conditions and corresponding answers.

Q: What is the boiling point of Propyl gallate?
A: Boiling point of Propyl gallate is 448.6±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg.
Q: What are the upstream materials of Propyl gallate?
A: Related upstream materials(CAS) of Propyl gallate: 149-91-7;71-36-3;71-23-8;5424-20-4;99-24-1;18483-17-5.
Q: What is the SMILES notation of Propyl gallate?
A: SMILES notation of Propyl gallate is CCCOC(=O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1.
Q: What is the molecular weight of Propyl gallate?
A: Molecular weight of Propyl gallate is 212.199.
Q: What are the uses of Propyl gallate?
A: Main uses of Propyl gallate: Propyl gallate is a common food antioxidant. Propyl gallate can inhibit the production of acrolein, glyoxal and methylglyoxal[1][2].
Q: What is the safety information for Propyl gallate?
A: Safety information for Propyl gallate: S24-S37.
Q: What is the CAS number of Propyl gallate?
A: CAS number of Propyl gallate is 121-79-9.
Q: What English synonyms does Propyl gallate have?
A: English synonyms of Propyl gallate: nipa49, Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, Propyl gallate, 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester, gallic acid propyl ester, Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, propyl ester, Sustane PG, Gallic acid n-propyl ester, tenoxpg, MFCD00002196, n-Propyl Gallate, PG, EINECS 204-498-2, PROGALLIN P, n-propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, FEMA 2947, Nipanox S 1, FEMA 2974.
Q: What is the molecular formula of Propyl gallate?
A: Molecular formula of Propyl gallate is C10H12O5.
Q: What are the storage conditions for Propyl gallate?
A: Storage conditions for Propyl gallate: 0-6°C.

 Propyl Gallatefactory

This table lists manufacturers and suppliers of this compound, including vendor names and product supply reference information.

Shanghai Nianxing Industrial Co., Ltd
Dayang Chem (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.
naturewill
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co., Ltd.
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