Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine)

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 20:12:13

Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) structure	Common Name	Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine)
	CAS Number	616-91-1	Molecular Weight	163.195
	Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3	Boiling Point	407.7±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
	Molecular Formula	C₅H₉NO₃S	Melting Point	106-108 °C(lit.)
	MSDS	Chinese USA	Flash Point	200.4±27.3 °C

Use of Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine)

Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus.

Name	N-acetyl-L-cysteine
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus.
Related Catalog	Research Areas >> Neurological Disease Natural Products >> Others
Target	Human Endogenous Metabolite
In Vitro	N-acetylcysteine prevents apoptotic DNA fragmentation and maintains long-term survival in the absence of other trophic support in serum-deprived PC12 cells. N-acetylcysteine also prevents death of PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons[2]. N-acetylcysteine causes dose-dependent reductions in viability in rat and human aortic smooth muscle cells[3]. N-acetylcysteine activates the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in PC12 cells. N-acetylcysteine protects neuronal cells from death evoked by withdrawal of trophic support. N-acetylcysteine increases nitric oxide (NO) release from protein-bound stores in vascular tissue. N-acetylcysteine pretreatment of PC12 cells interferes with NGF-dependent signaling and neurite outgrowth, and it is suggested that N-acetylcysteine interferes with redox-sensitive steps in the NGF mechanism[4].
In Vivo	N-acetylcysteine (150, 300 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduces liver transaminases in all groups of treatment, mostly in group N-acetylcysteine 300. Lung glutathione peroxidase is significantly increases in group N-acetylcysteine 300 (P=0.04), while the other oxidation biomarkers show no significant differences[1]. N-acetylcysteine improves cognition of 12-month-old SAMP8 mice in both the T-maze footshock avoidance paradigm and the lever press appetitive task without inducing non-specific effects on motor activity, motivation to avoid shock, or body weight[5].
Cell Assay	For survival experiments, washed cells are resuspended in RPM1 1640 medium and plated in 0.5 mL at a density of 8-10×105 per well in 24 well plastic culture dishes coated with rat tail collagen. To feed, but to avoid loss of floating cells, fresh medium (0.2 mL) is added to the cultures on days 1, 5, and 10. For experiments involving "primed" PC12 cells, cultures are pretreated for l-2 weeks with NGF in RPM1 1640 medium supplemented with 1% heat-iN-acetylcysteinetivated horse serum. The cells are then washed and passaged into serum-free RPM1 1640 medium.
Animal Admin	Rats: Rats are randomLy allocated into five groups: sham group (n=5), control group with IIR (n=8) and three groups with IIR who are given N-acetylcysteine in different dosages: 150 mg/kg intraperitoneally 5 min before ischemia (n=8, group N-acetylcysteine 150), 300 mg/kg i.p 5 min before ischemia (n=7, group N-acetylcysteine 300), and 150 mg/kg i.p 5 min before ischemia plus 150 mg/kg 5 min before reperfusion (n=7, group N-acetylcysteine 150 + 150). After 4 h of reperfusion, the animals are euthanized by exsanguination from the abdominal aorta.
References	[1]. Kalimeris K, et al. N-acetylcysteine ameliorates liver injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion. J Surg Res. 2016 Dec;206(2):263-272 [2]. Ferrari G, et al. N-acetylcysteine (D- and L-stereoisomers) prevents apoptotic death of neuronal cells. J Neurosci. 1995 Apr;15(4):2857-66. [3]. Tsai JC, et al. Induction of apoptosis by pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and N-acetylcysteine in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 16;271(7):3667-70. [4]. Yan CY, et al. Prevention of PC12 cell death by N-acetylcysteine requires activation of the Ras pathway. J Neurosci. 1998 Jun 1;18(11):4042-9. [5]. Farr SA, et al. The antioxidants alpha-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine reverse memory impairment and brain oxidative stress in aged SAMP8 mice. J Neurochem. 2003 Mar;84(5):1173-83.

Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	407.7±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	106-108 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula	C₅H₉NO₃S
Molecular Weight	163.195
Flash Point	200.4±27.3 °C
Exact Mass	163.030319
PSA	105.20000
LogP	-0.15
Vapour Pressure	0.0±2.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.519

Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) MSDS(Chinese)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: HA1660000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cysteine, N-acetyl-, L-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 616-91-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C5-H9-N-O3-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 163.21

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: SH1YVQMV1 -L

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Multiple routes

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 8480 mg/kg/3D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - liver function tests impaired

REFERENCE :: PEDIAU Pediatrics. (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034, Evanston, IL 60204) V.1- 1948- Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,281,1987

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5050 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,185,1971

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1140 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes

REFERENCE :: EJRDD2 European Journal of Respiratory Diseases. (Munksgaard International Pub., c/o Pub. Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave., Elmont, NY 11003) V.61- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61(Suppl 111),45,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: EPXXDW European Patent Application. (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Foreign Patents, Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #0192191

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD691-490

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,1172,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: >1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,479,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,479,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,479,1979 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,601,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,479,1979 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EJRDD2 European Journal of Respiratory Diseases. (Munksgaard International Pub., c/o Pub. Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave., Elmont, NY 11003) V.61- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61(Suppl 111),45,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,479,1979 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81688 No. of Facilities: 616 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 4525 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81688 No. of Facilities: 1677 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 31203 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 21201 (estimated)

Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
Risk Phrases	R36/37/38
Safety Phrases	S22-S24/25
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	HA1660000
HS Code	2930909090

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HS Code	2930909090
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AC-ASP-GLU

2-(acetylamino)-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid

N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate

Acetylcysteine

(R)-2-Acetamido-3-mercaptopropanoic acid

AC-ASP-GLU H2O

MFCD00004880

N-Acetylcysteine

EINECS 210-498-3

N-acetyl-aspartatylglutamate

NAAGA

SPAGLUMIC ACID

N-acetylcycteine

N-ACETYL-3-MERCAPTOALANINE

AC-ASP-GLU-OH

L-N-acetyl-cysteine

Isospaglumic acid

(2R)-2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethanethiol

N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamic acid

Cysteine, N-acetyl-

N-acetyl-(R)-cysteine

Naaxia

ACETYL-D-E

N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine

NAAG

N-Acetyl-cysteine

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Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine)

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