Metformin
Metformin structure
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Common Name | Metformin | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 657-24-9 | Molecular Weight | 129.164 | |
| Density | 1.0743 | Boiling Point | 229.23°C | |
| Molecular Formula | C4H11N5 | Melting Point | 199-200 °C | |
| MSDS | N/A | Flash Point | 58.1±22.6 °C | |
Use of MetforminMetformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin can cross the blood-brain barrier and triggers autophagy[1]. |
This table lists Chinese names, IUPAC names and various aliases of this chemical substance.
| Name | metformin |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
This table contains bioactivity, target information and biological‑assay experimental data of this compound.
| Description | Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin can cross the blood-brain barrier and triggers autophagy[1]. |
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| Related Catalog | |
| Target |
AMPK |
| In Vitro | Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits proliferation of ESCs in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 is 2.45 mM for A-ESCs and 7.87 mM for N-ESCs. Metformin shows pronounced effects on activation of AMPK signaling in A-ESCs from secretory phase than in cells from proliferative phase[3]. Metformin (0-500 μM) decreases glycogen synthesis in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 196.5 μM in cultured rat hepatocytes[4]. Metformin shows cell viability and cytotoxic effects on PC-3 cells with IC50 of 5 mM[5]. |
| In Vivo | Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide; 100 mg/kg, p.o.) alone, and metformin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) with isoproterenol groups attenuates myocyte necrosis through histopathological analysis[1]. Metformin (> 900 mg/kg/day, p.o.) results in moribundity/mortality and clinical signs of toxicity in Crl:CD(SD) rats[2]. |
| References |
This table shows physicochemical parameters including melting point, boiling point, density, solubility and optical rotation. Missing data is marked as N/A.
| Density | 1.0743 |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 229.23°C |
| Melting Point | 199-200 °C |
| Molecular Formula | C4H11N5 |
| Molecular Weight | 129.164 |
| Flash Point | 58.1±22.6 °C |
| Exact Mass | 129.101440 |
| PSA | 88.99000 |
| LogP | -2.31 |
| Appearance of Characters | Solid,White to Light Brown |
| Vapour Pressure | 1.3±0.3 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.576 |
| InChIKey | XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N |
| Water Solubility | Acetonitrile (Slightly), Aqueous Acid (Slightly), Dichloromethane (Slightly), DM |
This table summarizes toxicological test data, acute & chronic toxicity and ecological hazard parameters for this chemical.
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
HEALTH HAZARD DATAACUTE TOXICITY DATA
MUTATION DATA
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This table presents publicly reported synthetic routes, reaction conditions, reactants and product information of the compound.
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: Veisi, Hojat; Khazaei, Ardeshir; Safaei, Maryam; Kordestani, Davood Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 2014 , vol. 382, p. 106 - 113 |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: Journal of Molecular Structure, , vol. 996, # 1-3 p. 38 - 41 |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: WO2010/100337 A1, ; Page/Page column 9 ; |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: WO2010/100337 A1, ; Page/Page column 9-10 ; |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: Journal of the Chemical Society, , p. 1252,1255 |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: Chemische Berichte, , vol. 62, p. 1394 Journal of the Chemical Society, , vol. 121, p. 1793 |
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Metformin CAS#:657-24-9 |
| Literature: Chemische Berichte, , vol. 62, p. 1394 Journal of the Chemical Society, , vol. 121, p. 1793 |
This table lists upstream starting materials and downstream derivative products related to this chemical.
| Precursor 4 | |
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| DownStream 4 | |
CAS#:851069-42-6
CAS#:55474-79-8
CAS#:4039-98-9This table contains target information, in‑vitro & in‑vivo assay data for this compound.
This table collects all English aliases, systematic names and CAS‑related synonyms of the compound.
| Fluamine |
| N'-dimethylguanylguanidine |
| N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide |
| Diabex |
| N,N-dimethyl-biguanide |
| N,N-dimethylbiguanidine |
| 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide |
| Metiguanide |
| Metforminum |
| Glumetza |
| Dimethylbiguanide |
| 3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine |
| EINECS 211-517-8 |
| Diabetosan |
| Glucophage |
This section contains frequently‑asked‑questions about this compound, including basic parameters, properties, storage conditions and corresponding answers.
| Q: What is the melting point of metformin? |
| A: Melting point of metformin is 199-200 °C. |
| Q: What is the boiling point of metformin? |
| A: Boiling point of metformin is 229.23°C. |
| Q: What is the molecular weight of metformin? |
| A: Molecular weight of metformin is 129.164. |
| Q: What is the physical appearance of metformin? |
| A: metformin appears as Solid,White to Light Brown. |
| Q: What is the English name of metformin? |
| A: The English name of metformin is metformin. |
| Q: What is the LogP of metformin? |
| A: LogP of metformin is -2.31. |
| Q: What is the CAS number of metformin? |
| A: CAS number of metformin is 657-24-9. |
| Q: What are the upstream materials of metformin? |
| A: Related upstream materials(CAS) of metformin: 1115-70-4;1378856-94-0;506-59-2;124-40-3. |
| Q: What is the InChIKey of metformin? |
| A: InChIKey of metformin is XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N. |
| Q: What English synonyms does metformin have? |
| A: English synonyms of metformin: Fluamine, N'-dimethylguanylguanidine, N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide, Diabex, N,N-dimethyl-biguanide, N,N-dimethylbiguanidine, 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide, Metiguanide, Metforminum, Glumetza, Dimethylbiguanide, 3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine, EINECS 211-517-8, Diabetosan, Glucophage. |
This table lists manufacturers and suppliers of this compound, including vendor names and product supply reference information.
| Shanghai Nianxing Industrial Co., Ltd |
| Henan Tianfu Chemical Co., Ltd. |