Ammonia

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

H3-N

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

17.04

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

ZH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

15 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of esophagus

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

20 ppm

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - ulcerated nasal septum Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

5000 ppm/5M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

132 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2000 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

4230 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

7 gm/m3/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

7 gm/m3/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

5000 ppm/5M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

300 ppm/6H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Blood - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

455 mg/m3/8H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

960 mg/m3/4H/17W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

711 ppm/6H/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

470 mg/m3/8H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

470 mg/m3/8H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - pig

DOSE/DURATION :

145 ppm/5W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

470 mg/m3/8H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1680 mg/kg/24W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - rat

REFERENCE :

BZARAZ Biologicheskii Zhurnal Armenii. Biological Journal of Armenia. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.19- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27(6),102,1974 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 24 mg/m3 (35 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 17 mg/m3 (25 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A094-501 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,11,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 35 ppm (27 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 25 ppm (17 mg/m3);STEL 35 ppm (24 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 40 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 50 ppm (36 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 18 mg/m3;STEL 27 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-INDIA:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 35 ppm (27 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 25 ppm (17 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 50 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 20 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 25 ppm;STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 50 ppm (36 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 50 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 25 ppm (35 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 25 ppm (18 mg/m3);STEL 35 ppm (27 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO AMMONIA-air:10H TWA 25 ppm;STEL 35 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 05250 No. of Facilities: 115139 (estimated) No. of Industries: 363 No. of Occupations: 198 No. of Employees: 1168429 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 05250 No. of Facilities: 42116 (estimated) No. of Industries: 270 No. of Occupations: 174 No. of Employees: 805962 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 287974 (estimated)