铅片_MSDS_用途_密度_铅片CAS号【7439-92-1】

1.主要用作电缆、蓄电池、铅冶炼、废杂铜冶炼、印刷、焊锡等。用于化合物半导体、致冷元件、红外光电转换器件、高效温差元件以及焊料，分析试剂、还原剂等。 2.用于制造化合物半导体、红外光电转换器件、温差元件等。还用于制备蓄电池、熔断保险丝、铅板、冶金和化工设备衬里及X射线的防护层等。用于化合物半导体、致冷元件、红外光电转换器件、高效温差元件以及焊料等。 3.用于制造化合物半导体、红外光电转换器件、温差元件等。
4.用作分析试剂，如作还原剂，铱与铂和铷分离用试剂。蓄电池材料。X射线防护材料。合金制造。

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[ 密度 ]:
11.340 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
1740 °C(lit.)

[ 熔点 ]:
600.6 ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
Pb

[ 分子量 ]:
207.20000

[ 精确质量 ]:
207.97700

[ 外观性状 ]:
灰色金属颗粒,闪光的,金属薄片,片或粉末

[ 折射率 ]:
2.881 (632.8 nm)

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房低温通风干燥,与过氧化氢,叠氮化钠,氧化剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, potassium, sodium.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: soluble

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: OF7525000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Lead

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7439-92-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 77

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Pb

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 207.19

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: PB

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 450 mg/kg/6Y

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - muscle weakness

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 ug/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - gastritis Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 160 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1050 ug/kg/30W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - alteration of classical conditioning Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6879 mg/kg/5W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - other changes Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 790 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1140 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 14 day(s) pre-mating - 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 520 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 10 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1100 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 10 mg/m3/24H

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 3 mg/m3/24H

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1120 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 6300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-2 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 4800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 662 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2118 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: lactating female 15 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Primate - monkey

REFERENCE :: TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,165,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.05(Pb)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,325,1980 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,230,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TRBMAV Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine. (Galveston, TX) V.1-41(2), 1943-81/82. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,85,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,783,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JDSCAE Journal of Dairy Science. (American Dairy Science Assoc., 309 W. Clark St., Champaign, IL 61820) V.1- 1917- Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,1767,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW IRXPAT International Review of Experimental Pathology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,1,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTPHBG Current Topics in Pathology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.51- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55,147,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,377,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW QURBAW Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. (Cambridge Univ. Press, The Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,75,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,55,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915- Volume(issue)/page/year: 164,277,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEMBAP Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,239,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,151,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,313,1942 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW GEIGAI Gendai Igaku. Current Medicine. (Aichi-ken Ishikai, 14-28, Sakae 4-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,291,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW STEVA8 Science of the Total Environment. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,341,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Pb,254,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PDTNBH Paediatrician. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,204,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMTODM Advances in Modern Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1, 1976-79. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,209,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 76,115,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 49DXAV "Health Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Infant Formula and Junior Food, Proceedings of the Symposium, 1981," Schmidt, E.H.F., and A.G. Hildebrandt, eds., Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1983 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,57,1983 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,396,1975 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.15 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,143,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):see CFR 29,1910.1025 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Pb)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-FRANCE:TWA 150 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO LEAD, INORGANIC-air:10H TWA <0.1 mg(Pb)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 42490 No. of Facilities: 8256 (estimated) No. of Industries: 107 No. of Occupations: 81 No. of Employees: 103308 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3272 No. of Facilities: 149 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 4226 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 777 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5909 No. of Facilities: 53 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 857 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 437 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X8307 No. of Facilities: 13 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 616 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 42490 No. of Facilities: 43061 (estimated) No. of Industries: 235 No. of Occupations: 146 No. of Employees: 767619 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 236378 (estimated)

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[ 符号 ]:

GHS07, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H302 + H332-H351-H360Df-H373-H410

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P261-P273-P304 + P340 + P312-P308 + P313-P391

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R20/22;R33;R50/53;R61;R62

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S53-S45-S61-S36/37-S36-S26

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3082 9/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
OF7525000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

详细合成路线

铅片上游产品

铅片下游产品

1.电解法以1号铅锭为原料，采用贝特(Bett)炼铅法，以氟硅酸作为电解浴。其电解精炼的条件为：电解液组成含铅80～100 g/L、氟硅酸90～140 g/L，电解液温度34～40℃，槽电压0.6～0.7 V，电流密度0.98～2 A/cm²。经电解精炼后，制得99.999%高纯铅。再以99.999％高纯铅为原料，经电解精炼进一步提纯，制得99.9999%高纯铅。

2.向5kg分析纯冰醋酸和500g分析纯醋酸酐的混合液中加入10kg分析纯的PbAc2·3H2O，微微加热使其溶解。冷至室温后，将100g纯硫代乙酸或100g纯硫脲溶于热的无水乙醇形成的溶液迅速而均匀地搅溶。再置水浴上加热，直至PbS凝结析出完毕。放置沉降之后，用玻璃砂芯漏斗将PbS抽滤除去；用二次蒸馏水将滤液稀释，使绝大部分的PbAc2·3H2O再沉淀析出。将糊状微细结晶吸滤，然后再按上述方法操作一次或两次。随后把纯制的盐干燥。将它分作若干份置于有盖的瓷坩埚中加热，即生成金属铅与少量的氧化铅。加热温度不得过高，勿使PbO熔融。待醋酸铅分解完毕后，小心除去铅表面氧化物的膜，并将熔成液态的铅浇铸到适当形状的容器中。

上述操作中所用的一切器皿、仪器装置均在使用前用溴和硝酸的混合物及二次蒸馏水彻底洗涤。

3.以含铅100g/L和硅氟酸（游离）130g/L的溶液为电解液，电解温度为 30～35℃，电流密度100A/m2以上，阳极应用隔膜以防阳极分散，该电解法可获得较高纯度铅。

4.电导水使硝酸铅（或醋酸铅）重结晶三次，然后制成电解液进行电解。电解温度18～20℃，电
度强度1.2A。该电解法可制得试剂铅。

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Bioflocculant production and biosorption of zinc and lead by a novel bacterial species, Achromobacter sp. TERI-IASST N, isolated from oil refinery waste.

Chemosphere 113 , 116-24, (2014)

A bioflocculant-producing bacterial isolate designated as 'TERI-IASST N' was isolated from activated sludge samples collected from an oil refinery. This isolate demonstrated maximum bioflocculation ac...

Asymmetric synthesis from terminal alkenes by cascades of diboration and cross-coupling.

Nature 505(7483) , 386-90, (2014)

Terminal, monosubstituted alkenes are ideal prospective starting materials for organic synthesis because they are manufactured on very large scales and can be functionalized via a broad range of chemi...

The sequential use of washing and an electrochemical reduction process for the remediation of lead-contaminated soils.

Environ. Technol. 34(5-8) , 799-805, (2013)

A two-step method for the remediation of three different types of lead (Pb)-contaminated soil was evaluated. The first step included soil washing with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to remove ...

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