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硝基苯

硝基苯用途

【用途一】
用作分析试剂气相色谱固定液及弗瑞德-克来福特反应用溶剂
【用途二】
作为基本有机化工原料,用于生产多种医药和染料中间体,如苯胺、间氨基苯磺酸、二硝基苯等,也用作溶剂
【用途三】
硝基苯是重要的其本有机中间体。硝基苯用三氧化硫磺化得间硝苯磺酸。可作为染料中间体温和氧化剂和防染盐S。硝基苯用氯磺酸磺化得间硝基苯磺酰氯,用作染料、医药等中间体。硝基苯经氯化得间硝基氯苯,广泛用于染料、农药的生产,经还原后可得间氯苯胺。用作染料橙色基GC,也是医药、农药、荧光增白剂、有机颜料等的中间体。硝基苯再硝化可得间二硝基苯,经还原可得间苯二胺,用作染料中间体、环氧树脂固化剂、石油添加剂、水泥促凝剂,间二硝基苯如用硫化钠进行部分还原则得间硝基苯胺。为染料橙色基R,是偶氮染料和有机颜料等的中间体。
【用途四】
测定分子量的溶剂。测定矿物的折射指数,检定硫化物、硝酸盐。气相色谱固定液(最高使用温度150℃,溶液为甲醇),分离分析烃类及有机和无机金属化合物。有机微量分析测定硝基(液体)的标准品。有机合成。
【用途五】
测定分子量的溶剂。测定矿物的折射指数,检定硫化物、硝酸盐。气相色谱固定液(最高使用温度150℃,溶液为甲醇),分离分析烃类及有机和无机金属化合物。有机微量分析测定硝基(液体)的标准品。有机合成。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。校准仪器和装置;评价方法;工作标准;质量保证/质量控制;其他。
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硝基苯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
98-95-3

[ 中文名 ]:
硝基苯

[ 英文名 ]:
nitrobenzene

[英文别名 ]:

硝基苯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.205

[ 沸点 ]:
210-211 °C(lit.)

[ 熔点 ]:
5-6 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C6H5NO2

[ 分子量 ]:
123.10900

[ 闪点 ]:
190 °F

[ 精确质量 ]:
123.03200

[ PSA ]:
45.82000

[ LogP ]:
2.11800

[ 外观性状 ]:
黄色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
4.2 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.15 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

[ 折射率 ]:
n20/D 1.551(lit.)

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、硝酸分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases. Flammable. Note wide explosion limits.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
slightly soluble

硝基苯MSDS

硝基苯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
DA6475000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Benzene, nitro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
98-95-3
LAST UPDATED :
199801
DATA ITEMS CITED :
78
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C6-H5-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
123.12
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
WNR

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Vascular - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
35 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
556 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
640 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Liver - fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
590 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
480 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
286 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
750 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
25 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Behavioral - coma
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
900 mg/kg/3D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in spleen
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
800 ug/m3/24H/73D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/6H/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin Blood - changes in spleen
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 gm/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1400 mg/kg/14D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified) Blood - changes in spleen Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/6H/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - other changes Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
25 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1260 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 21 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
3180 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 2 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 2 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
5 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 90 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1260 ug/m3/4H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
40 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 12 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Paternal Effects - prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
41 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Lung
REFERENCE :
BLFSBY Basic Life Sciences. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 223 Spring St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,359,1986 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3 (1 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,381,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,381,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,381,1996 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,183,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 3 ppm (15 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 3 mg/m3;STEL 6 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 3 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 1 ppm;STEL 3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm (10 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm (10 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 2 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NITROBENZENE-air:10H TWA 1 ppm (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 50760 No. of Facilities: 1022 (estimated) No. of Industries: 21 No. of Occupations: 24 No. of Employees: 10578 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 50760 No. of Facilities: 654 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 12 No. of Employees: 5080 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 474 (estimated)
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硝基苯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301 + H311 + H331-H351-H360F-H372-H412

[ 警示性声明 ]:
Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P201-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P308 + P313

[ 靶器官 ]:
Blood

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R23/24/25;R40;R48/23/24;R51/53;R62

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S28-S36/37-S45-S61-S28A-S16-S7-S27

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1662 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
DA6475000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2904201000

硝基苯合成路线

硝基苯上下游产品

硝基苯制备

1.由苯经混酸硝化而得。这是生产硝基苯的传统方法,最初采用间歇法生产,后来发展了连续法,近来又发展为绝热硝化法。间歇法是苯和混酸的铸铁硝化锅中于50℃下反应。连续硝化采用串联的硝化器,为使硝酸是到充分利用,并减少二硝基苯的生成,加入的苯稍过量。连续法的优点是生产能力大,硝酸的浓度可适当降低。绝热硝化法可间歇或连续操作,反应热可利用来浓缩硫酸,副产物二硝基苯较少。原料消耗定额:纯苯(工业品)665kg/t、硝酸(98%570kg/t、硫酸(92.5%)50kg/t、纯碱20kg/t。

2.精制方法:硝基苯通常含有硝基甲苯、二硝基噻酚、二硝基苯和苯胺等杂质。精制时用稀硫酸、稀碱和水依次洗涤,氯化钙干燥后反复进行减压蒸馏。也可以用分步结晶或用绝对乙醇重结晶的方法精制。其他的精制方法有:在稀硫酸存在下进行水蒸气蒸馏,馏出物分去水层后,用氯化钙干燥,然后在氧化钡、五氧化二磷三氯化铝或活性氧化铝存在下减压蒸馏。

3.以工业硝基苯为原料,加入无水氯化钙干燥脱去水分,然后进行蒸馏收集208.5~212.0℃馏分,即得成品。也可采用减压蒸馏,操作压力为267Pa。

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硝基苯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2904201000

硝基苯文献

Macromolecular Systems with MSA-Capped CdTe and CdTe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots as Superselective and Ultrasensitive Optical Sensors for Picric Acid Explosive.

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7 , 24778-90, (2015)

This work reports the development of highly fluorescent materials for the selective and efficient detection of picric acid explosive in the nanomolar range by fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Poly(v...

Optimizations of packed sorbent and inlet temperature for large volume-direct aqueous injection-gas chromatography to determine high boiling volatile organic compounds in water.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1356 , 221-9, (2014)

For the expanded application area, fast trace analysis of certain high boiling point (i.e., 150-250 °C) volatile organic compounds (HVOCs) in water, a large volume-direct aqueous injection-gas chromat...

Self-assembled cardanol azo derivatives as antifungal agent with chitin-binding ability.

Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 69 , 5-11, (2014)

Cardanol is a non-isoprenoic phenolic lipid-mixture of distilled cashew nut shell liquid obtained from Anacardium occidentale. Herein, cardanol is purified from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and synt...


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