二甲基亚砜

[1]. C F Brayton. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): a review. Cornell Vet. 1986 Jan;76(1):61-90.

[2]. William F Rawls, et al. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as intravesical therapy for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A review. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Sep;36(7):1677-1684.

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C2-H6-O-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

78.14

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

OS1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

606 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

14500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - hemorrhage Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

40 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

8200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

12 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

5360 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

7920 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

50 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

14 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

3100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - hemorrhage Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

>10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Cardiac - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

>11 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

>5500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :

12 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

21400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - wild bird species

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1070 gm/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

192 gm/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - normocytic anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

6570 mL/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

389 gm/kg/17W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - changes in refraction Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

57600 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria Blood - normocytic anemia Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :

4864 gm/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Ocular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

250 ug/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - pig

DOSE/DURATION :

4698 mL/kg/58W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - changes in refraction Behavioral - fluid intake

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

59 gm/kg/81W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

220 gm/kg/82W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

65340 mg/kg/66W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

66 gm/kg/66W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

56 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

6600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

30750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 8-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

16 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 5-9 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

210 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

5500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

8250 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

240 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-20 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

11 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

5500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

4400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

2500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

2500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :

DNA damage

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :

1 pph

REFERENCE :

MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,109,1977 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 243,98,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1(1),93,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,1553,1967 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (160 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80564 No. of Facilities: 476 (estimated) No. of Industries: 11 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 22461 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80564 No. of Facilities: 3507 (estimated) No. of Industries: 29 No. of Occupations: 40 No. of Employees: 44947 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 16837 (estimated)