67-68-5

• 常用中文名：二甲基亚砜
• 常用英文名：Dimethyl sulfoxide
• CAS号：67-68-5
• 分子式：C₂H₆OS
• 分子量：78.13
• 相关类别： 有机原料 有机硫化合物
• 发布时间：2018-02-06 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 19:10:54
• 二甲基亚砜(DMSO)是一种非质子溶剂,可溶解极性和非极性化合物。二甲基亚砜具有防冻和抑菌性能[1][2]。

名称

• 中文名: 二甲基亚砜
• 英文名: dimethyl sulfoxide
• 中文别名: 二甲基亞碸; 二甲基
• 英文别名: (Methylsulfinyl)methane; Dimethyl sulfoxide; EINECS 200-664-3; MFCD00002089

物化性质

• 密度: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 189.0±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 18.4 °C
• 分子式: C₂H₆OS
• 分子量: 78.13
• 闪点: 85.0±0.0 °C
• 精确质量: 78.013931
• PSA: 36.28000
• LogP: -1.35
• 外观性状: 无色液体
• 蒸汽密度: 2.7 (vs air)
• 蒸汽压: 0.8±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.480
• 储存条件:

  1.本品应密封于阴凉干燥处避光保存。

  2.本品采用铝桶、塑料桶或玻璃瓶包装。贮存于阴凉通风干燥处，按易燃有毒物品规定贮运。

• 稳定性:

  1.无色液体，可燃，几乎无臭，带有苦味。该品是极性高的有机溶剂，可与水以任意比例混合，除石油醚外，可溶解一般有机溶剂。在20℃时能吸收氯化氢30%（重量）；二氧化氮30%（重量）；二氧化硫65%（重量）。有强烈吸湿性，在20℃，当相对湿度为60%时，可从空气吸收相当于自身重量70%的水分。该品是弱氧化剂，不含水的二甲基亚砜对金属无腐蚀性。含水时对铁；铜等金属有腐蚀性，但对铝不腐蚀。对碱稳定。在酸存在时加热会产生少量的甲基硫醇；甲醛；二甲基硫；甲磺酸等化合物。在高温下有分解现象，遇氯能发生激烈反应，在空气中燃烧发出淡蓝色火焰。

  化学性质：二甲亚砜还原生成甲硫醚。受强氧化剂作用氧化成二甲砜；

  2.二甲亚砜与酰氯类物质如氰尿酰氯、苯酰氯、乙酰氯、苯碘酰氯、亚硫酰氯、硫酰氯、三氯化磷等接触时，发生激烈的放热分解反应。与硝酸结合，生成(CH3)2SO·NHO3。与碳酸钡作用可使二甲亚砜再生。与浓氢碘酸作用，生成二甲硫磺化合物。

  3.二甲亚砜有吸水性，用前需要进行干燥处理。

• 凝固点: 18.4℃
• 分子结构:

  1、 摩尔折射率：20.17

  2、 摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：71.0

  3、 等张比容（90.2K）：182.6

  4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：43.6

  5、 极化率（10^-24cm³）：7.99

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:-0.6

  2.氢键供体数量:0

  3.氢键受体数量:2

  4.可旋转化学键数量:0

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积36.3

  7.重原子数量:4

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:29

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：无色黏稠透明油状液体或结晶体。具弱碱性，几乎无臭，稍带苦味。

  2. 密度（g/mL,20/4℃）：1.100

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：2.7

  4. 熔点（ºC）：18.45

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：189

  6. 折射率（25ºC）：1.4795

  7. 黏度（mPa·s,25ºC）：1.1

  8. 闪点（ºC,开口）：95

  9. 燃点（ºC）：300~302

  10. 蒸发热（KJ/mol,25ºC）：52.92

  11. 熔化热（KJ/mol）：13.94

  12. 生成热（KJ/mol）：-197.66

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol,定容）：1793.16

  14. 比热容（KJ/(kg·K),25ºC,定压）：1.95

  15. 电导率（S/m,20ºC）：3×10^-8

  16. 蒸气压（kPa,20ºC）：0.049

  17. 蒸气压（kPa,30ºC）：0.101

  18. 蒸气压（kPa,47.4ºC）：0.376

  19. 蒸气压（kPa,56.6ºC）：0.681

  20. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：2.6

  21. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：28.5

  22. 体膨胀系数（K^-1）：0.00088

  23. 溶解性：可与水以任意比例混合，除石油醚外，可溶解一般有机溶剂。在20℃时能吸收氯化氢30%（重量）、二氧化氮30%（重量）、二氧化硫65%（重量）,不溶于除乙炔外的脂肪烃化合物。对多种化合物有溶解能力。溶于水、乙二醇、丙酮、乙醚、苯、烃类氯化物、乙二醇的酯等。

生物活性

• 描述: 二甲基亚砜(DMSO)是一种非质子溶剂,可溶解极性和非极性化合物。二甲基亚砜具有防冻和抑菌性能[1][2]。
• 相关类别:
  研究领域 >> 感染
  研究领域 >> 炎症/免疫
  信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌
• 体外研究: 二甲基亚砜是一种有机溶剂,可与水、脂类和有机溶剂自由混溶。这些特性允许特殊的膜渗透。DMSO的作用机制被认为是抗炎作用、神经阻滞、平滑肌松弛和胶原抑制的综合作用[2]。
• 参考文献:

  [1]. C F Brayton. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): a review. Cornell Vet. 1986 Jan;76(1):61-90.

  [2]. William F Rawls, et al. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as intravesical therapy for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A review. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Sep;36(7):1677-1684.

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 属微毒类，大鼠经口LD50为18g/kg。但对人体皮肤有渗透性，对眼有刺激作用。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : PV6210000 CHEMICAL NAME : Methyl sulfoxide CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 67-68-5 LAST UPDATED : 199710 DATA ITEMS CITED : 86 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C2-H6-O-S MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 78.14 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : OS1&1 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : Open irritation test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 606 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 14500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - hemorrhage Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 40 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 8200 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 12 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 5360 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 7920 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 50 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 2500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 14 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 3100 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - hemorrhage Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : >10 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 2500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Cardiac - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : >11 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : >5500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken DOSE/DURATION : 12 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE/DURATION : 21400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1070 gm/kg/13W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 192 gm/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - normocytic anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 6570 mL/kg/2Y-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 389 gm/kg/17W-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - changes in refraction Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 57600 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria Blood - normocytic anemia Related to Chronic Data - death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Primate - monkey DOSE/DURATION : 4864 gm/kg/78W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Related to Chronic Data - death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Ocular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 250 ug/kg/30D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - pig DOSE/DURATION : 4698 mL/kg/58W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - changes in refraction Behavioral - fluid intake TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 59 gm/kg/81W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 220 gm/kg/82W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 65340 mg/kg/66W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia Skin and Appendages - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 66 gm/kg/66W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 56 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-12 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - abortion TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 6600 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-15 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 30750 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8-10 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 16 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 5-9 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 210 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-12 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 5500 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 10 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 8250 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 10 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous DOSE : 240 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1-20 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 11 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 5500 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 4400 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous DOSE : 2500 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous DOSE : 2500 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage MUTATION DATA TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung DOSE/DURATION : 1 pph REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,109,1977 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 243,98,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1(1),93,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,1553,1967 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (160 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80564 No. of Facilities: 476 (estimated) No. of Industries: 11 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 22461 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80564 No. of Facilities: 3507 (estimated) No. of Industries: 29 No. of Occupations: 40 No. of Employees: 44947 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 16837 (estimated)

安全

• 个人防护装备: Eyeshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xi:Irritant
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R36/37/38
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S24/25-S37/39-S26
• 危险品运输编码: NA 1993 / PGIII
• WGK德国: 1
• RTECS号: PV6210000
• 海关编码: 29309070

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制备

二甲基亚砜一般采用二甲硫醚氧化法制得，由于所用的氧化剂和氧化方式不同，因而有不同的生产工艺。
1.甲醇二硫化碳法甲醇和二硫化碳为原料，以γ-Al2O3作催化剂，先合成二甲基硫醚，再与二氧化氮（或硝酸）氧化得二甲基亚砜。

2.双氧水法 以丙酮作缓冲介质，使二甲硫醚与双氧水反应。用该法生产二甲基亚砜成本较高，不适于大规模生产。
3.二氧化氮法 以甲醇和硫化氢在γ-氧化铝作用下生成二甲基硫醚；硫酸与亚硝酸钠反应生成二氧化氮；二甲基硫醚再与二氧化氮在60-80℃进行气液相氧化反应生成粗二甲基亚砜，也有直接用氧气进行氧化，同样生成粗二甲基亚砜，然后经减压蒸馏，精制得二甲基亚砜成品。此法是较为先进的生产方法。

4.硫酸二甲酯法用硫酸二甲酯与硫化钠反应，制得二甲基硫醚；硫酸与亚硝酸钠反应生成二氧化氮；二甲基硫醚与二氧化氮氧化得粗二甲基亚砜，再经中和处理，蒸馏后得精二甲基亚砜。此外，用阳极氧化的方法由二甲硫醚生产二甲基亚砜。

精制方法：将二甲亚砜减压蒸馏后，加入氧化铝放置一夜，用高50cm，填有陶制鞍形填料的蒸馏塔，于266.6~399.9Pa、50℃进行减压蒸馏，收集中间馏分。或将二甲亚砜与CaH2一起加热一日，减压蒸馏后用分子筛干燥，在氮气流下再进行减压蒸馏。也可以分步结晶精制。

5.将二甲硫醚 （ 由硫酸二甲酯与硫化钠反应制得）与二氧化氮（ 由硫酸与亚硝酸钠反应制得）在60～80℃进行气液相氧化反应制得二甲基亚砜粗品，然后减压蒸馏、采用分子筛脱水后再减压精馏，即得成品二甲基亚砜。主要反应式为：

6.以丙酮作为缓冲介质，加入相等物质量的二甲硫醚和双氧水，搅拌反应，维持温度20℃：

反应结束后，直接减压蒸馏即可得纯度较高的二甲基亚砜。

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