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2156-56-1

2156-56-1 structure
2156-56-1 structure
  • Name: Sodium Dichloroacetate
  • Chemical Name: sodium,2,2-dichloroacetate
  • CAS Number: 2156-56-1
  • Molecular Formula: C2HCl2NaO2
  • Molecular Weight: 150.924
  • Catalog: Organic raw materials Organometallic salt
  • Create Date: 2018-05-18 08:00:00
  • Modify Date: 2024-01-02 21:59:12
  • Sodium dichloroacetate is a metabolic regulator in cancer cells' mitochondria with anticancer activity. Sodium dichloroacetate inhibits PDHK, resulting in decreased lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment. Sodium dichloroacetate increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and promotes cancer cell apoptosis. Sodium dichloroacetate also works as NKCC inhibitor[1].
Name sodium,2,2-dichloroacetate
Synonyms Acetic acid, 2,2-dichloro-, sodium salt (1:1)
EINECS 218-461-3
MFCD00070489
Cpc 211
sodium salt of dichloroacetate
Sodium dichloroacetate [USAN]
Natriumdichloracetat
dichloroacetate de sodium
ACETIC ACID,DICHLORO-,SODIUM SALT
Sodium dichloroacetate
Dichloroctan sodny [Czech]
dichloroacetic acid sodium salt
sodium dichlroacetate
dichloroacetate sodium salt
Sodium 2,2-dichloroacetate
Description Sodium dichloroacetate is a metabolic regulator in cancer cells' mitochondria with anticancer activity. Sodium dichloroacetate inhibits PDHK, resulting in decreased lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment. Sodium dichloroacetate increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and promotes cancer cell apoptosis. Sodium dichloroacetate also works as NKCC inhibitor[1].
Related Catalog
Target

PDHK; Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Apoptosis; NKCC[1]
In Vitro Sodium dichloroacetate increases ROS generation in mitochondria. Sodium dichloroacetate affects cell growth and viability through the ROS production increase derived from the promotion of oxidative metabolism. The effects of Sodium dichloroacetate on multiple myeloma cell viability, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic cell death were associated with pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK) inhibition, restored pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, and the promotion of oxidative metabolism in association with increased intracellular ROS production which depends on the Sodium dichloroacetate dose. The Sodium dichloroacetate effects cooperated with C I inhibition promoting the oxidative stress in rat VM-M3 glioblastoma cells. Increased ROS levels in Sodium dichloroacetate-treated cancer cells are related to the induction of apoptosis associated with the increased cytochrome c expression. Sodium dichloroacetate causes ROS-dependent T-cell differentiation[1].
In Vivo The NKCC1 RNA expression levels in Sodium dichloroacetate-treated gonad-intact and castrated males are significantly decreased, and no such effect is determined in the gonad-intact and castrated female Sodium dichloroacetate-treated rats[1]. A single Sodium dichloroacetate dose causes a significantly higher 24 h diuresis in Wistar male rats, and the increased diuresis is related to NKCC2 inhibition. The NKCC2 is more abundant in kidneys of intact females compared to intact males, with a greater transporter density in Sprague-Dawley female rats[1]. The oral Sodium dichloroacetate bioavailability in naïve male rats dosed 5, 20 and 100 mg/kg is significantly lower than in GSTζ-depleted ones (10%, 13%, 81% and 31%, 75%, 100%, respectively). The liver extraction of Sodium dichloroacetate in the GSTζ-depleted rats has linear kinetics, but it decreases with the metabolism saturation at higher doses[1].
References

[1]. Stakišaitis D, et al. The Importance of Gender-Related Anticancer Research on Mitochondrial Regulator Sodium Dichloroacetate in Preclinical Studies In Vivo. Cancers (Basel). 2019 Aug 20;11(8). pii: E1210.
Boiling Point 194ºC at 760mmHg
Melting Point 198 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Molecular Formula C2HCl2NaO2
Molecular Weight 150.924
Exact Mass 149.925125
PSA 40.13000
Vapour Pressure 0.196mmHg at 25°C
Storage condition Desiccate at RT
Water Solubility soluble in cold water

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
AG9275000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Acetic acid, dichloro-, sodium salt
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
2156-56-1
LAST UPDATED :
199801
DATA ITEMS CITED :
13
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C2-H-Cl2-O2.Na
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
150.92
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
QVYGG &-NA-

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5281 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4845 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
30425 mg/kg/12W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
45500 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - hypoglycemia Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2450 mg/kg/7W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
61 gm/kg/12W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
4550 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - food intake (animal) Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
164 gm/kg/1Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
182 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
4375 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 10 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2188 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 10 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM :
Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
AJCNAC American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (American Soc. for Clinical Nutrition, Inc., 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814) V.2- 1954- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,1179,1980
Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H315-H319-H335-H351
Precautionary Statements P261-P281-P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xi:Irritant;
Risk Phrases R36/37/38
Safety Phrases S26-S37/39
RIDADR 2811
WGK Germany 2
RTECS AG9275000
HS Code 2942000000
Precursor  0

DownStream  2

HS Code 2942000000

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