PDE5-IN-5 (Compound 11) is a potent, selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.0 nM[1].
RORγt Inverse agonist 6 (compound 43) is a RORγt inverse agonist for the treatment of Th17-driven autoimmune diseases. RORγt Inverse agonist 6 (compound 43) suppresses IL-17A gene expression by IL-23 stimulation in vivo[1].
FR221647 is an orally active non-nucleoside inhibitor of adenosine deaminase. FR221647 is not cytotoxic at a concentration of 100 μM[1].
hCAIX-IN-18 (compound 30) is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 3.5 nM, 9.4 nM, 43.0 nM and 8.2 nM for hCAI, hCAII, hCAIX, hCAXII, respectively. hCAIX-IN-18 can be used for cancer research[1].
BMS-538203 is a highly efficient HIV integrase inhibitor and antiviral agent.IC50 value:Target: HIV integraseIn the current study we demonstrate a hit-to-clinical candidate pathway that resulted in 50- and 2000-fold improvements in enzyme-inhibition and antiviral activity without an increase in molecular weight or change in molecular topology. The original hit , 1 (mw = 268) was optimized in a stepwise manner. Potential covalent protein-binding moieties were removed by reducing the number of the ketone groups. High enzyme inhibition activity was achieved by optimizing the aryl-portion of the molecule. Protein binding was reduced by replacing the standard amide by the corresponding methyl-hydroxamide. This eventually led to the discovery of BMS-538203 compound 2 (mw = 269) a highly efficient inhibitor and antiviral agent.
Suc-Arg-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC (Renin Substrate I) is a renin substrate[1]
RA190, a bis-benzylidine piperidon, inhibits proteasome function by covalently binding to cysteine 88 of ubiquitin receptor RPN13.
Prinomastat hydrochloride (AG3340 hydrochloride) is a broad spectrum, potent, orally active metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with IC50s of 79, 6.3 and 5.0 nM for MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, respectively. Prinomastat hydrochloride inhibits MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 with Kis of 0.05 nM, 0.3 nM and 0.26 nM, respectively. Prinomastat hydrochloride can cross blood-brain barrier. Antitumor avtivity[1][2][3][4].
hDHODH-IN-9 (Compound 3k) is a potent inhibitor of hDHODH with an IC50 of 0.34 μM. hDHODH-IN-9 demonstrates high cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and A375 cells and good selectivity. hDHODH-IN-9 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases[1].
(Rac)-Sitagliptin is an isoform of Sitagliptin (HY-13749), which is a potent and orally active inhibitor of DPP4 with an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts[1].
Oxyresveratrol is neuroprotective and inhibits the apoptotic cell death in transient cerebral ischemia. It effectively scavenges H2O2, NO (IC50 = 45.3 μM), and the artificial free radical 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (IC50 = 28.9 μM) In vitro: 1)oxyresveratrol exhibited more than 50% inhibition at 100 μM on L-tyrosine oxidation by murine tyrosinase activity.2) oxyresveratrol showed an IC50 value of 52.7 μM on the enzyme activity. 3) oxyresveratrol works through reversible inhibition of tyrosinase activity rather than suppression of the expression and synthesis of the enzyme.[2] In vivo: 1) Oxyresveratrol (10 or 20 mg/kg) significantly reduced the brain infarct volume by approximately 54% and 63%, respectively, when compared to vehicle-treated MCAO rats.2) oxyresveratrol treatment diminished cytochrome c release and decreasedcaspase-3 activation in MCAO rats. [3]
(S,S)-TAPI-1 is an isomer of TAPI-1. TAPI-1 is a TACE (ADAM17) inhibitor and blocks the shedding of several cell surface proteins. TAPI-1 is also a metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor[1][2].
SHP2-IN-7 is an SHP2 inhibitor extracted from patent WO2018013597[1].
JW 642 is a potent inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) that displays IC50 values of 7.6, 14, and 3.7 nM for inhibition of MAGL in mouse, rat, and human brain membranes, respectively.IC50 value: 7.6/14/3.7 nM(mouse/rat/human MAGL) [1]Target: MAGL inhibitorJW 642 is selective for MAGL, requiring much higher concentrations to effectively inhibit fatty acid amide hydrolase activity (IC50s = 31, 14, and 20.6 μM for mouse, rat, and human brain membranes, respectively).
IDD388 is a potent aldose reductase (ALR2 or AKR1B1) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.4 uM, shows weak inhibition for AKR1B10 (IC50=4.4 uM).
Moexipril is an orally active and potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Moexipril can readily penetrate lipid membranes and thus target plasma and tissue ACE. Moexipril may improve endothelial dysfunction and exert neuroprotective effects. Moexipril can used for cardiovascular disease research[1][2].
PF-04937319 is a glucokinase activator (GKA) with EC50 value of 154.4 μM, one of the most promising strategies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus[1].PF-04937319 is designed to maintain glucose-lowering efficacy while mitigating the risk of hypoglycaemia observed with many other GKAs[2].
PYZD-4409 is a novel small molecule inhibitor of Ubiquitin-activating enzyme UBA1/E1 enzyme with an IC50 of 20 uM (cell-free enzymatic assay).IC50 Value: 20 uM (cell-free enzymatic assay) [1]Target: E1 enzyme (Ubiquitin-activating enzyme)in vitro: PYZD-4409 inhibited the ATP-dependent activation of ubiquitin and subsequent transfer of the activated ubiquitin from the E1 to the common human E2 enzyme UBE2E2 in a gel-based assay. The IC50 of inhibition was estimated to be 20μM in a cell-free enzymatic assay. Suggesting specificity of PYZD-4409 for the E1 enzyme, the compound had no effect on unrelated enzymes such as α-Mannosidase II glycosylation enzyme or Luciferase at concentrations up to 100μM (data not shown). It also did not inhibit the summo E1, Uba2, at concentrations up to 100μM. In 5 of 8 leukemia and myeloma cell lines, PYZD-4409 induced cell death with a LD50 less than 10μM. Myeloma cell lines were particularly sensitive to E1 inhibition because PYZD-4409 induced cell death with 3 of 4 myeloma cell lines (ie, LP1, KMS11, and U226) having an LD50 of 3μM or less. In contrast, solid tumor cell lines were less sensitive with an LD50 of approximately 15 to 20μM [1]. in vivo: SCID mice were injected subcutaneously with MDAY-D2 murine leukemia cells and then treated with PYZD-4409 (10 mg/kg) or buffer control intraperitoneally daily on alternate days over 8 days. Sixteen days after tumor implantation, the mice were killed, and the tumors excised and weighed. Compared with control-treated mice, treatment with PYZD-4409 delayed tumor growth and decreased tumor weight without untoward toxicity. Inhibition of the E1 can achieve an antitumor effect in vivo [1].
WWL123, a carbamate-based compound, is a potent and selective ABHD6 inhibitor. WWL123 can be used for research of inflammation, metabolic disorders (obesity and type II diabetes mellitus) and epilepsy[1].
Fluazifop-P-butyl, a graminicide from arylophenoxypropionate group, is a acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor[1].
ML355 is a potent and selective inhibitors of 12-Lipoxygenase(12-LOX) with IC50 of 0.34 μM, excellent selectivity over related lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases, and possess favorable ADME properties.IC50 value: 0.34 μM [1]Target: 12-LOXML355 inhibits PAR-4 induced aggregation and calcium mobilization in human platelets and reduce 12-HETE in β-cells.
GAC0001E5 is a novel LXR inverse agonist, functioning as LXR a degrader"
Atazanavir sulfate is a sulfate salt form of atazanavir that is an highly potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor.Target: HIV-1 protease inhibitorAtazanavir sulfate is a sulfate salt form of atazanavir that is an highly potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor. It has a pharmacokinetic profile that supports once-daily dosing and has demonstrated a unique resistance profile and superior virologic potency compared with other antiretrovirals in vitro. In subjects with HIV, atazanavir (400 mg once daily) produced rapid and sustained improvements in viral load and CD4 counts in both antiretroviral-naive as well as previously treated patients when used in combination with dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) treatment [1].After intravenous (iv), oral (po) and intraportal (ip) administration of ATV at a dosage of 7 mg/kg, AUCs in HL rats were 12.41, 5.24 and 8.89 microg/mLh, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in control rats (4.09, 1.70 and 3.38 microg/mLh). Despite the decrease of distribution volume (Vd(ss)), the terminal half-life (t(1/2)) in HL tended to be shorter than in control, and hepatic distribution of ATV in HL rats was 4.8-fold increases. These results suggested that the uptake of ATV into liver might counteract the decrease of Vd(ss). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in bioavailability, and the lymphatic transport to AUC showed no statistical change. In conclusion, although the protein binding rate and AUC were significantly increased, the pharmacokinetics of ATV might be tolerated in HL [2].Clinical indications: HIV-1 infection Toxicity: torsades de pointes
N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) Anthranilic Acid (ACA) is a broad spectrum Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor and TRP channel blocker[1][2]. N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) Anthranilic Acid (ACA) is also an effective reversible inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride channels, has potential to treat arrhythmia[3].
SNX-5422 (PF-04929113), a prodrug of SNX-2112, is an orally active Hsp90 inhibitor, with a Kd of 41 nM, and also induces Her-2 degradation, with an IC50 of 37 nM.
Acetyl podocarpic acid anhydride is a potent, semisynthetic liver X receptor(LXR) agonist derived from extracts of the mayapple. Acetyl podocarpic acid anhydride has the potential to be useful for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, especially in the context of low HDL levels[1].
MGL-IN-1 is a potent and selective irreversible MGL (β-lactam-based monoacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor. MGL-IN-1 alleviates symptoms in a MS model in vivo and exhibits analgesic effects in an acute inflammatory pain model in vivo. MGL-IN-1 displays high membrane permeability and brain penetrant[1].
Lactalbumin B (50-53) Alpha [Lactorphin Alpha], bovine is a blood pressure lowering peptide containing 4 amino acids. Lactalbumin B (50-53) Alpha [Lactorphin Alpha], bovine is an angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Lactalbumin B (50-53) Alpha [Lactorphin Alpha], bovine can be used in research of high blood pressure[1].
Bexarotene D4 is a deuterium labeled Bexarotene (LGD1069). Bexarotene (LGD1069) is a selective retinoid X receptors (RXR) agonist for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma[1][2][3][4][5].
RWJ 63556 is an orally active COX-2 selective/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, with anti-inflammatory activities.