阿维菌素

阿维菌素用途

Avermectin B1 (Abamectin)是驱虫杀虫剂。

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阿维菌素作用

阿维菌素对螨类和昆虫具有胃毒和触杀作用，不能杀卵。作用机制与一般杀虫剂不同的是干扰神经生理活动，刺激释放γ-氨基丁酸，而氨基丁酸对节肢动物的神经传导有抑制作用。螨类成虫、若虫和昆虫幼虫与阿维菌素接触后即出现麻痹症状，不活动、不取食，2～4天后死亡。因不引起昆虫迅速脱水，所以阿维菌素致死作用较缓慢。阿维菌素对捕食性昆虫和寄生天敌虽有直接触杀作用，但因植物表面残留少，因此对益虫的损伤很小。阿维菌素在土内被土壤吸附不会移动，并且被微生物分解，因而在环境中无累积作用，可以作为综合防治的一个组成部分。调制容易，将制剂倒人水中稍加搅拌即可使用，对作物亦较安全，按介绍的方法使用不会发生药害。适用作物蔬菜、柑橘、棉花等。

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阿维菌素名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
71751-41-2

[ 中文名 ]:
阿维菌素

[ 英文名 ]:
Avermectin

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

MFCD01769550
EINECS 200-096-6
avomec
mk936
zephyr
affirm
SADDLE
Zephy
AVM
avidec

阿维菌素生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Avermectin B1 (Abamectin)是驱虫杀虫剂。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 自噬 >> 自噬

信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 寄生物

研究领域 >> 感染

[参考文献]

[1]. Mogg TD, Pollitt CC, Willmore JP, Thompson H.Efficacy of avermectin B1 given orally against equine intestinal strongyles and Onchocera microfilaria.Aust Vet J. 1990 Nov;67(11):399-401.

[2]. De Chaneet GC, Casey R, Dixon FF, Besier RB, Mitchell RK.Effect of avermectin B1 and benzimidazole anthelmintics on worm egg output of treated cattle.Aust Vet J. 1988 Mar;65(3):85-6.

[3]. Seaman JT, Eagleson JS, Carrigan MJ, Webb RF.Avermectin B1 toxicity in a herd of Murray Grey cattle.Aust Vet J. 1987 Sep;64(9):284-5.

[4]. Murty US, Jyothi KN, Jamil K.Effect of avermectin B1 (L-676) a metabolite from Streptomyces avermilitis on immatures of Culex quinquefasciatus.Indian J Med Res. 1987 May;85:539-41.

[5]. Parrish MD, Roberts RB.Toxicity of avermectin B1 to larval yellowjackets, Vespula maculifrons (Hymenoptera: Vespidae).J Econ Entomol. 1984 Jun;77(3):769-72.

[相关活性小分子]

阿维菌素物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
940.9±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
150-155°C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₉₅H₁₄₂O₂₈

[ 分子量 ]:
1732.13

[ 闪点 ]:
268.1±27.8 °C

[ PSA ]:
170.06000

[ LogP ]:
6.51

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.571

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运

阿维菌素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: CL1203000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Avermectin B(sub 1)

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 71751-41-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199409

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85KYAH "Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed., Rahway, NJ 07065, Merck & Co., Inc. 1989 Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,3,1989

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 13600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intracerebral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1740 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :: TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,289,1992

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 17 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - duck

DOSE/DURATION :: 84600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - domestic

DOSE/DURATION :: >2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(249-250),41,1988

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阿维菌素安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H300 + H330-H361d-H372-H410

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P260-P273-P301 + P310 + P330-P304 + P340 + P310-P403 + P233

[ 靶器官 ]:
Nervous system

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T+,N

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R20

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
36/37/39-45-60-61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
2588

[ RTECS号 ]:
CL1203000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1(a)

[ 海关编码 ]:
2932999099

阿维菌素制备

1.用135#、43#菌株经发酵、培养、提取、精制而得。

135#、43#菌株茄子瓶斜面28℃，暗6天摇瓶种子培养基28℃，振荡24h

种子罐培养基28℃，200r/min通气量1∶0.4，罐压0.05MPa,24h发酵培养基

种量7.0%，28℃，170r/min通气量1∶0.5，罐压0.05MPa,160h放罐→发酵液板框过滤

滤渣溶剂混合液板框过滤抽取液→吸附溶剂解吸液减压浓缩

浓缩物溶剂溶解液→结晶抽滤结晶→重结晶干燥原药

消泡剂。聚乙二醇是较好的消泡剂，它不仅可提高发酵单位，且可抑制发酵过程中一种橙黄色蜡状物的产生。

搅拌。对发酵效果影响较大，由于菌丝体对叶轮剪切较为敏感，故采用水翼轮式搅拌装置能改善供氧，提高产量。

无机盐。其他各种无机盐对发酵无有利的影响。

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阿维菌素海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2932999099

[ 中文概述 ]:
2932999099. 其他仅含氧杂原子的杂环化合物. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:20.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2932999099. other heterocyclic compounds with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

阿维菌素文献

Toxicity of three insecticides to Lysiphlebus fabarum, a parasitoid of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae.

J. Insect Sci. 11 , 104, (2011)

The toxicity of three insecticides to Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), a parasitoid of Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), was investigated using IOBC/wprs...

[Toxicity and bioactivity of several alternative nematocides against Ditylenchus destructor].

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 22(11) , 3026-32, (2011)

By the methods of fumigation and contact assay, this paper determined the toxicity of four kinds of soil fumigants and six kinds of non-fumigants against Ditylenchus destructor. In the meantime, the b...

Determination of active substances in binary mixture antiparasitic veterinary formulations by HPLC.

Acta Pol. Pharm. 68(4) , 467-72, (2011)

The purpose of the study was to develop a simple, versatile HPLC method for the identification and quantification of praziquantel and ivermectin (in Equimax) or praziquantel and abamectin (in Abamitel...

更多文献

阿维菌素

阿维菌素用途

阿维菌素作用

阿维菌素名称

阿维菌素生物活性

阿维菌素物理化学性质

阿维菌素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

阿维菌素安全信息

阿维菌素制备

阿维菌素海关

阿维菌素文献

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