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胆酸

胆酸用途

Cholic acid 是肝脏中产生的主要胆汁酸,通常与甘氨酸或牛磺酸缀合,有助于脂肪吸收和胆固醇排泄。

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胆酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
81-25-4

[ 中文名 ]:
胆酸

[ 英文名 ]:
cholic acid

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Cholalic acid
cholic acid
3a,7a,12a-Trihydroxycholanic acid
5β-Cholic acid
3a,7a,12a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid
5b-Cholic acid
3a,7a,12a-Trihydroxy-5b-cholanic Acid
3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid
CHOLALIN
MFCD00003672

胆酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Cholic acid 是肝脏中产生的主要胆汁酸,通常与甘氨酸或牛磺酸缀合,有助于脂肪吸收和胆固醇排泄。

[ 相关类别 ]:

天然产物 >> 酸和醛

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[体外研究]

胆酸竞争性地结合Na + /牛磺胆酸盐协同转运多肽(NTCP)在HepG2细胞上并显着抑制胆酸(CA)-纳米脂质体(LPs)-多柔比星(DOX)-HCl的摄取,这表明CA-LPs-DOX-HCl是也可通过NTCP介导的内吞作用途径获得[1]。

[体内研究]

胆酸喂养导致CYP2D6-人源化小鼠中CYP2D6表达增加。作为胆汁淤积模型,将Tg-CYP2D6小鼠喂食胆酸(CA)补充的饮食超过1周。已知该处理使胆汁酸池大小增加2倍,并用CA代替~90％的胆汁酸,重现人类胆汁淤积条件的特征[2]。

[细胞实验]

HepG2细胞用抑制剂NaN3（1 mg / mL），Genistein（50μg/ mL），MβCD（10 mM），制霉菌素（50μg/ mL），氯丙嗪（10μg/ mL）和胆酸（1）预处理mg / mL）30分钟。除去抑制剂后，将细胞与CA-LP一起温育2小时，并在“体外细胞摄取测定”部分[1]中测定细胞对LPs的摄取。

[动物实验]

给小鼠[2] Tg-CYP2D6小鼠喂食正常食物（对照）或1％（w / w）补充胆酸的饮食（CA）14天（n = 4只小鼠/组）。在小鼠血清中测量碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活性。

[参考文献]

[1]. Li Y, et al. Mechanism of hepatic targeting via oral administration of DSPE-PEG-Cholic acid-modified nanoliposomes. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 Feb 28;12:1673-1684.

[2]. Pan X, et al. Cholic acid Feeding Leads to Increased CYP2D6 Expression in CYP2D6-Humanized Mice. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Apr;45(4):346-352.

[相关活性小分子]

胆酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
583.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
197-202 ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂₄H₄₀O₅

[ 分子量 ]:
408.571

[ 闪点 ]:
321.0±26.6 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
408.287567

[ PSA ]:
97.99000

[ LogP ]:
2.62

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至灰白色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±3.7 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.558

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.28 g/L (15 ºC)

胆酸MSDS

胆酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: FZ9350000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cholic acid

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 81-25-4

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 2822009

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 9

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C24-H40-O5

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 408.64

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: L E5 B666TJ A1 DQ E1 FY1&2VQ KQ OQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4950 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 330 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7560 mg/kg/6W

REFERENCE :: CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,387,1988 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84435 No. of Facilities: 174 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 1744 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84435 No. of Facilities: 46 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 511 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 325 (estimated)

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胆酸安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H315-H319

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
FZ9350000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2942000000

胆酸合成路线

胆酸上下游产品

胆酸上游产品

胆酸下游产品

胆酸制备

1.有乙醇结晶法和乙酸乙酯分离法。乙酸乙酯分离法是利用乙酸乙酯溶解除去脱氧胆酸，然后再用乙醇进一步纯化而得产品。乙醇结晶法的生产流程为：

牛、羊胆汁水解↓氢氧化钠酸化↓硫酸粗胆汁酸

溶解、结晶重结晶↓乙醇精制胆酸

牛、羊胆汁中加入1/10量的氢氧化钠，加热至沸，水解18h。水解液冷却，倾出上清液，下层过滤。上清液与滤液合并，加30%硫酸使pH=2～3，此时粗胆酸浮在液层。取上浮物，加等量水煮沸10～20min，使成颗粒状沉淀，再反复用水漂洗至中性，50～60℃干燥，得粗胆汁酸。取粗胆汁酸，捣碎，加075倍75%乙醇，加热搅拌，回流至固体物充分溶解，然后在0～5℃使其结晶。结晶抽滤或离心甩干，用少量80%乙醇洗涤，干燥，得胆酸粗结晶。取胆酸粗结晶加4倍量95%乙醇和4%～5%活性炭，加热，搅拌，回流，待充分溶解后，趁热过滤。滤液浓缩至约1/4体积，置0～5℃结晶。分取结晶，以少量95%乙醇洗涤，干燥，可得精制胆酸。

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胆酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2942000000

胆酸文献

Tunable stringency aptamer selection and gold nanoparticle assay for detection of cortisol.

Anal. Bioanal. Chem 406(19) , 4637-47, (2014)

The first-known aptamer for the stress biomarker cortisol was selected using a tunable stringency magnetic bead selection strategy. The capture DNA probe immobilized on the beads was systematically le...

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the major tripartite multidrug efflux pump of Escherichia coli: functional conservation in disparate animal reservoirs despite exposure to antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54 , 1007-15, (2010)

AcrAB-TolC imparts a strong intrinsic resistance phenotype to many clinically significant molecules in Escherichia coli. This complex is composed of a pump, AcrB, and a periplasmic protein, AcrA, that...

Substrate competition studies using whole-cell accumulation assays with the major tripartite multidrug efflux pumps of Escherichia coli.

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51 , 923-9, (2007)

AcrAB-TolC is the major, constitutively expressed tripartite multidrug efflux system in Escherichia coli that recognizes various structurally unrelated molecules, including many antibiotics, dyes, and...

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胆酸

胆酸用途

胆酸名称

胆酸生物活性

胆酸物理化学性质

胆酸MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

胆酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

胆酸安全信息

胆酸合成路线

详细合成路线

胆酸上下游产品

胆酸上游产品

胆酸下游产品

胆酸制备

胆酸海关

胆酸文献

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