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123-91-1

123-91-1结构式
123-91-1结构式
  • 常用中文名:1,4-二氧六环
  • 常用英文名:1,4-Dioxane
  • CAS号:123-91-1
  • 分子式:C4H8O2
  • 分子量:88.10510
  • 相关类别: 生物化工 酶及辅酶类药
  • 发布时间:2018-02-08 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-02 10:12:23
  • 【用途一】
    用作醋酸纤维素、树脂、植物油、矿物油、溶性染料等的溶剂,用于制喷漆、清漆、增塑剂、润滑剂等
    【用途二】
    用作色谱分析试剂及乙酸纤维及其衍生物的溶剂
    【用途三】
    用作醋酸纤维素、植物油、矿物油、溶性染料等的溶剂,用于制喷漆、清漆、增塑剂、润滑剂等
    【用途四】
    该品在医药、化妆品、香料等特殊精细化学品制造,以及科学研究中作为溶剂、反应介质、萃取剂使用。在日本,该品主要用作1,1,1-三氯乙烷的稳定剂,添加量为2.5-4%;其次,应用较多的是作为聚氨酯合成革、氨基酸合成革等的反应溶剂。该品溶解能力强,与二甲基甲酰胺相近,比四氢呋喃强。二氧六环有以下用途值得重视:(1)与三氧化硫形成络合物,可用作许多化合物合成时的硫酸化剂;(2)用于医药、农药的提取,石油产品的脱蜡等;(3)用作染料分散剂、木材着色剂的分散剂以及油溶性染料的溶剂;(4)用作高纯度金属表面处理剂等。该品对皮肤、肺、粘膜有刺激性。严重中毒时可损害肝、肾。

化源商城直购

中文名 1,4-二氧六环
英文名 1,4-Dioxane
中文别名 1,4-二噁烷
二氧六环
1,4-二氧杂环己烷
英文别名 DIOXANE, 1,4-
1,4-Dioxan
Diethylene oxide
MFCD00006571
para-dioxane
1,4-Diethylene Dioxide
EINECS 204-661-8
密度 1.033
沸点 101 °C
熔点 12 °C
分子式 C4H8O2
分子量 88.10510
闪点 12 ºC
精确质量 88.05240
PSA 18.46000
LogP 0.03320
外观性状 无色透明液体
蒸汽密度 3 (vs air)
蒸汽压 11.2mmHg at 25°C
折射率 n20/D 1.422(lit.)
储存条件

储存注意事项 通常商品加有稳定剂。储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过37℃。包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、还原剂、卤素分开存放,切忌混储。不宜久存,以免变质。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

稳定性

1.化学性质:与一般的饱和醚相似,是比较稳定的化合物。在空气中氧的作用下,特别在散射光照射时,形成有爆炸性的过氧化物。对碱、金属钠和弱酸稳定。强酸、强氧化剂在高温、高压下使醚键破裂而开环。与卤化氢作用时,生成1,2-二卤代乙烷和乙二醇。加热时与浓硫酸作用生成2-甲基-1,3-二戊烷等。

2.与乙酸或乙酐在加热时作用,生成乙二醇二乙酸酯。能与卤素、硝酸、硫酸以及其他无机化合物形成络合物。例如与卤素形成C4H8O2Br2(m.p. 66℃)、C4H8O2I2(m.p. 84℃)、C4H8O2Cl2,与硫酸形成C4H8O2H2SO4(m.p. 101℃)等氧化合物。与氯化锂或三氟化硼也能形成络合物LiCl·C4H8O2·H2O,BF3·2H2O·C4H8O2。在钯、铑、镍等金属催化下,二噁烷在重氢和醚间进行同位素交换。二噁烷与四硝基甲烷反应呈鲜黄色,此反应可用来检验二噁烷。

3.属微毒类。毒性比乙醚强2~3倍。中毒时最初出现麻醉、呕吐,尿频后尿减少,终至停止排尿。同时血液中尿素增加,嗜眠,昏睡,2~3日后死亡。长期接触或吸入其蒸气时,刺激眼、鼻、咽喉和肺,损害肝、肾、脑和皮肤。工作场所最高容许浓度360mg/m3,超过720mg/m3时即能引起头痛和胃痛等症状。二噁烷能经皮肤吸收而中毒,接触皮肤时应用大量水冲洗和用肥皂洗净。

4.稳定性 稳定

5.禁配物 强氧化剂、强还原剂、卤素

6.避免接触的条件 光照,接触空气

7.聚合危害 不聚合

水溶解性 SOLUBLE
分子结构

1、摩尔折射率:21.65

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):88.5

3、等张比容(90.2K):209.3

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):31.2

5、极化率(10-24cm3):8.58

计算化学

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:2

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积18.5

7.重原子数量:6

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:26.5

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

更多

1.性状:无色,带有醚味的透明液体。

2.熔点(℃):11.8

3.沸点(℃):101.3

4.相对密度(水=1):1.04

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):3.03

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):4.1(20℃)

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-2428.6

8.临界温度(℃):312

9.临界压力(MPa):5.14

10.辛醇/水分配系数:-0.27

11.闪点(℃):12(CC);18.3(OC)

12.引燃温度(℃):180

13.爆炸上限(%):22.2

14.爆炸下限(%):2.0

15.溶解性:与水混溶,可混溶于多数有机溶剂。

16.折射率(n20ºC):1.4229

17.折射率(n25ºC):1.4203

18.黏度(mPa·s,20ºC):1.3

19.黏度(mPa·s,25ºC):1.2

20.黏度(mPa·s,30ºC):1.087

21.闪点(ºC,闭口):12.2

22.闪点(ºC,开口):15.6

23.燃点(ºC):180

24.蒸发热(KJ/mol):35.80

25.熔化热(KJ/mol):12.5

26.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),20ºC):1.72

27.电导率(S/m,25ºC):<2×10-8

28.体膨胀系数(K-1,20ºC):0.001030

29.体膨胀系数(K-1,0~55ºC):0.001070

30.体膨胀系数(K-1,55ºC):0.00113

31.相对密度(25℃,4℃):1.0281

32.临界密度(g·cm-3):0.37

33.临界体积(cm3·mol-1):238

34.临界压缩因子:0.254

35.偏心因子:0.280

36.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:20.163

37.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):5.900×109

38.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):46.620

39.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2400.9

40.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) :-315.3

41.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :299.66

42.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):-180.8

43.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):92.18

44.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-2362.2

45.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):-355.1

46.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :195.27

47.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):-189.7

48.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):150

国标编号: 32098
CAS: 123-91-1
中文名称: 1,4-二氧杂环己烷
英文名称: 1,4-dioxane;p-dioxane
别 名: 二恶烷;1,4-二氧己环
分子式: C4H8O2;CH2CH2OCH2CH2O
分子量: 88.11
熔 点: 11.8℃
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)1.04;
蒸汽压: 12℃
溶解性: 与水混溶,可混溶于多数有机溶剂
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 无色,带有醚味的透明液体
危险标记: 7(中闪点易燃液体)
用 途: 和作溶剂、乳化剂、去垢剂

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径:吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害:本品有麻醉和刺激作用,在体内有蓄积作用。接触大量蒸气引起眼和上呼吸道刺激,伴有头晕、头痛、嗜睡、恶心、呕吐等。可致肝、皮肤损害,甚至发生尿毒症。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

毒性:属微毒类。
急性毒性:LD505170mg/kg(大鼠经口);7600mg/kg(兔经皮);LC5046000mg/m3,2小时(大鼠吸入);人吸入5500ppm/分,最小中毒浓度;人经口500mg/kg,致死。
致癌性:IARC列为对实验动物有足够证据的化学致癌物。小鼠经皮最小中毒剂量1440mg/kg(60周,间断)致肿瘤阳性;小鼠经口最小中毒剂量416g/kg(50周)致肿瘤阳性。

危险特性:易燃,其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物,遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触,有引起燃烧爆炸。与氧化剂能发生强烈反应。接触空气或在光照条件下可生成具有潜在爆炸危险性的这氧化物。其蒸气比空气重,能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方,遇明火会引着回燃。
燃烧(分解)产物:一氧化碳、二氧化碳。


3.现场应急监测方法:
 


4.实验室监测方法:
空气中:用活性炭吸附后,用二硫化碳洗脱,再用气相色谱法分析。


5.环境标准:
前苏联 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 10mg/m3
嗅觉阈浓度 9.8mg/m3


6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区,并进行隔离,严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿消防防护服。从上风处进入现场。尽可能切断泄漏源,防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏:用活性炭或其它惰性材料吸收。也可以用大量水冲洗,洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏:构筑围堤或挖坑收容;喷雾状水冷却和稀释蒸气、保护现场人员、把泄漏物稀释成不燃物。用泡沫覆盖,降低蒸气灾害。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内,回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
废弃物处置方法:不含过氧化物的废料液经浓缩后,控制一定的速度燃烧。含过氧化物的废料经浓缩后,在安全距离外敞口燃烧。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护:可能接触其蒸气时,佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。
眼睛防护:戴化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护:穿防静电工作服。
手防护:戴橡胶手套。
其它:工作现场严禁吸烟。工作毕,淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触:脱去被污染的衣着,用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。
眼睛接触:提起眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难,给输氧。如呼吸停止,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入:饮足量温水,催吐,就医。

灭火方法:尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。喷水保持火场容器冷却,直至灭火结束。处在火场中的容器若已变色或从安全泄压装置中产生声音,必须马上撤离。灭火剂:抗溶性泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。用水灭火无效。

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性

LD50:5170mg/kg(大鼠经口);7600mg/kg(兔经皮)

LC50:46000mg/m3(大鼠吸入,2h)

2.刺激性

家兔经皮:515mg,轻度刺激(开放性刺激试验)

家兔经眼:100mg,重度刺激。

3.亚急性与慢性毒性 大鼠接触浓度为10.6g/m3,每天8h,4~26次,10只动物中有7只死亡,存活动物出现黏膜刺激、消瘦、痉挛、麻醉、蛋白尿及严重肝肾损害。

4.致突变性 DNA抑制:人HeLa细胞400mmol/L。DNA损伤:大鼠经口2550mg/kg。微核试验:小鼠经口900mg/kg。姐妹染色单体交换:仓鼠卵巢10500mg/L。

5.致畸性 大鼠孕后6~15d经口给予最低中毒剂量(TDLo)10g/kg,致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形

6.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。

生态学数据:

1.生态毒性

LC50:10000ppm(96h)(蓝鳃太阳鱼,静态);13000mg/L(96h)(黑头呆鱼,静态)

EC50:4700mg/L(24h)(水蚤)

2.生物降解性

好氧生物降解(h):672~4320

厌氧生物降解(h):2688~17280

3.非生物降解性

水中光氧化半衰期(h):1608~8.00×104

空气中光氧化半衰期(h):8.1~81

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
JG8225000
CHEMICAL NAME :
p-Dioxane
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
123-91-1
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0102551
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
88
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C4-H8-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
88.12
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6O DOTJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
TYPE OF TEST :
Open irritation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
470 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section Gastrointestinal - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
5500 ppm/1M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
470 ppm/3D
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7120 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
46 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
799 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
5300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
37 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
790 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
44 gm/m3/7H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - irritability
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
7600 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume decreased Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
3150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
20500 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
6000 ppm/4H/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in psychophysiological tests
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
20500 ug/m3/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in chlorine Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
185 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
111 ppm/7H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
239 gm/kg/90W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
14 gm/kg/60W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
12 gm/kg/8W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
416 gm/kg/57W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
408 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
523 gm/kg/90W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
416 gm/kg/57W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
528 gm/kg/63W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
10 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Ovary
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 90 mg/m3 (25 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,247,1976 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,201,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,201,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BNYMAM Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. (New York Academy of Medicine, 2 E. 103rd St., New York, NY 10029) Ser 2: V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,413,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ECIET* European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals. (Avenue Louise 250, B-63, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium) Volume(issue)/page/year: (2),-,1983 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,94,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 50 ppm (180 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (36 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);STEL 40 ppm (135 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (35 mg/m3);STEL 40 ppm (140 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 50 ppm (180 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (36 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (180 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);STEL 50 ppm;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);STEL 50 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO DIOXANE-air:CA CL 1 ppm/30M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 25145 No. of Facilities: 12911 (estimated) No. of Industries: 135 No. of Occupations: 101 No. of Employees: 147783 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 25145 No. of Facilities: 20994 (estimated) No. of Industries: 181 No. of Occupations: 137 No. of Employees: 429330 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 149697 (estimated)

符号 GHS02 GHS07 GHS08
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H225-H319-H335-H351
补充危害声明 May form explosive peroxides., Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
警示性声明 P210-P261-P281-P305 + P351 + P338
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
危害码 (欧洲) F:Flammable
风险声明 (欧洲) R11;R19;R36/37;R40;R66
安全声明 (欧洲) S9-S16-S36/37-S46-S45-S53-S7-S62-S26-S24/25-S23
危险品运输编码 UN 1993 3/PG 2
WGK德国 3
RTECS号 JG8225000
包装等级 II
危险类别 3
海关编码 2942000000

精制方法:主要杂质有乙醛、2-甲基-1,3-二戊烷、缩醛、过氧化物及水分。杂质含量不多时,可加金属钠回流6~12小时后,直接进行蒸馏。含有多量的缩醛时,需要进行水解除去。在2L二噁烷中加入27mL浓盐酸和200mL水,回流12小时。在回流过程中漫漫通入氮气以除去生成的乙醛;冷却后加入固体氢氧化钾,直到不再溶解为止。分去水层,再加入氢氧化钾干燥24小时。将初步干燥的二烷加金属钠回流6~12小时,然后在金属钠存在下进行蒸馏。过氧化物的除去与乙醚相同。将粉碎的氢氧化钠加入到工业品二氧六环中,除去酸性物质和水分。滤去固体物质后进行蒸馏,即得纯品二氧六环。

1.乙二醇法 在硫酸催化下脱水而得,其反应式如下:

123-91-1 preparation

2.环氧乙烷法 直接经二聚而得,其反应式如下:

123-91-1 preparation 

上述二聚反应在酸性催化剂存在下进行,催化剂可以是硫酸氢钠、硫酸及三氟化硼等。工业级二氧六环需要精制为纯品时,可将粉状氢氧化钠加入二氧六环中,除去酸性物质和水分,滤去固体物质后蒸馏即得成品。
3.二甘醇法 二甘醇在质子酸作用下分子内脱水制取二烷的主反应如下:

123-91-1 preparation

海关编码 2932999070
申报要素 品名, 成分含量, 用途
监管条件 X.有毒化学品环境管理放行通知单
Summary 2932999070 1,4-dioxane