Levodopa

Modify Date: 2024-01-01 19:56:16

Levodopa structure	Common Name	Levodopa
	CAS Number	59-92-7	Molecular Weight	197.188
	Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3	Boiling Point	448.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
	Molecular Formula	C₉H₁₁NO₄	Melting Point	276-278 °C(lit.)
	MSDS	Chinese USA	Flash Point	225.0±28.7 °C
	Symbol	GHS07	Signal Word	Warning

Use of Levodopa

L-DOPA is a natural form of DOPA used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. L-DOPA is the precursor of dopamine and product of tyrosine hydroxylase.Target: Dopamine ReceptorL-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is a chemical that is made and used as part of the normal biology of humans, some animals and plants. Some animals and humans make it via biosynthesis from the amino acid L-tyrosine. L-DOPA is the precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine collectively known as catecholamines. L-DOPA can be manufactured and in its pure form is sold as apsychoactive drug with the INN levodopa; trade names include Sinemet, Parcopa, Atamet, Stalevo, Madopar, Prolopa, etc. As a drug it is used in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease and dopamine-responsive dystonia.L-DOPA crosses the protective blood-brain barrier, whereas dopamine itself cannot. Thus, L-DOPA is used to increase dopamine concentrations in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and dopamine-responsive dystonia. This treatment was made practical and proven clinically by George Cotzias and his coworkers, for which they won the 1969 Lasker Prize. In addition, L-DOPA, co-administered with a peripheral DDCI, has been investigated as a potential treatment for restless leg syndrome. However, studieshave demonstrated "no clear picture of reduced symptoms".

Name	L-dopa
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	L-DOPA is a natural form of DOPA used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. L-DOPA is the precursor of dopamine and product of tyrosine hydroxylase.Target: Dopamine ReceptorL-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is a chemical that is made and used as part of the normal biology of humans, some animals and plants. Some animals and humans make it via biosynthesis from the amino acid L-tyrosine. L-DOPA is the precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine collectively known as catecholamines. L-DOPA can be manufactured and in its pure form is sold as apsychoactive drug with the INN levodopa; trade names include Sinemet, Parcopa, Atamet, Stalevo, Madopar, Prolopa, etc. As a drug it is used in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease and dopamine-responsive dystonia.L-DOPA crosses the protective blood-brain barrier, whereas dopamine itself cannot. Thus, L-DOPA is used to increase dopamine concentrations in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and dopamine-responsive dystonia. This treatment was made practical and proven clinically by George Cotzias and his coworkers, for which they won the 1969 Lasker Prize. In addition, L-DOPA, co-administered with a peripheral DDCI, has been investigated as a potential treatment for restless leg syndrome. However, studieshave demonstrated "no clear picture of reduced symptoms".
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Dopamine Receptor Signaling Pathways >> Neuronal Signaling >> Dopamine Receptor Natural Products >> Alkaloid Research Areas >> Neurological Disease
Target	Human Endogenous Metabolite
References	[1]. Hyland K, et al. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: diagnostic methodology. Clin Chem. 1992 Dec;38(12):2405-10. [2]. Merims D, et al. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome, addiction and behavioral changes in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2008;14(4):273-80. Epub 2007 Nov 7.

Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	448.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	276-278 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula	C₉H₁₁NO₄
Molecular Weight	197.188
Flash Point	225.0±28.7 °C
Exact Mass	197.068802
PSA	103.78000
LogP	-0.22
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.655
Storage condition	2-8°C

Levodopa MSDS(Chinese)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: AY5600000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Alanine, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, L-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 59-92-7

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 51

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C9-H11-N-O4

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 197.21

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: QVYZ1R CQ DQ -L

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 320 mg/kg/4D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 156 gm/kg/10Y

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - toxic psychosis

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 13 gm/kg/1Y

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1780 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - aggression

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 624 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - excitement Skin and Appendages - hair

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2363 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 588 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4449 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - local anesthetic Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Autonomic Nervous System - sympathomimetic

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 609 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - wild bird species

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 70 gm/kg/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - fatty liver degeneration Liver - changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 146 gm/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2250 mg/kg/9D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 87520 mg/kg/1.5Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-5 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 22 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 3600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 9-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 6600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 700 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 480 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 9-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 4500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 15 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

DOSE :: 5 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 4800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 900 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 5 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 1200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2250 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 umol/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 238,235,1990 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3795 No. of Facilities: 57 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 3893 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1571 (estimated)

Symbol	GHS07
Signal Word	Warning
Hazard Statements	H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements	P301 + P312 + P330-P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes	Xn
Risk Phrases	R22:Harmful if swallowed. R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . R20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
Safety Phrases	S26-S36-S24/25
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	AY5600000
HS Code	2932999099

Precursor 9
CAS#:60-18-4 L-Tyrosine CAS#:330455-62-4 (S)-4-(2-amino-... CAS#:330455-56-6 4-((2S,3S)-1-be... CAS#:63-84-3 DL-Dopa
CAS#:840-97-1 N-Acetyl-L-tyro... CAS#:60470-82-8 (Z)-2-methoxy-4... CAS#:68706-13-8 S,S-m-methoxy-p... CAS#:63-91-2 L-Phenylalanine
CAS#:7101-51-1 Melevodopa
DownStream 10
CAS#:32161-30-1 (S)-2-Amino-3-(... CAS#:3131-52-0 1H-Indole-5,6-diol CAS#:59719-88-9 6-hydroxy-5H-in... CAS#:4790-08-3 5,6-dihydroxyin...
CAS#:89762-39-0 (2S)-5,6-dioxo-... CAS#:51-61-6 dopamine CAS#:12624-18-9 (S)-4-Formyl-2,... CAS#:18766-66-0 (2S,4E)-1,2,3,4...
CAS#:18766-67-1 (2S)-5,6-dihydr... CAS#:99-50-3 protocatechuic acid

HS Code	2922509090
Summary	2922509090. other amino-alcohol-phenols, amino-acid-phenols and other amino-compounds with oxygen function. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

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(-)-dopa

L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

l-dop

Dopar

Alanine, 3- (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, L-

3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine

Doprin

L-4,5-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

Parda

Doparl

Tyrosine, 3-hydroxy-

Beldopa

EINECS 200-445-2

3-Hydroxytyrosine

Levopa

Bendopa

(−)-dopa

L-DOPA

MFCD00002598

L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-Alanine

Levodopa

Ledopa

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