尿素_MSDS_用途_密度_尿素CAS号【57-13-6】

Urea是一种强效蛋白质变性剂,作用通过直接和间接机制[1]。一种有效的润肤剂和角质层分离剂[2]。用作利尿剂。血尿素氮 (BUN) 已被用于评估肾功能[3]。广泛用于肥料中的氮源,是化学工业的重要原料。

点击显示

[ 描述 ]:

Urea是一种强效蛋白质变性剂,作用通过直接和间接机制[1]。一种有效的润肤剂和角质层分离剂[2]。用作利尿剂。血尿素氮 (BUN) 已被用于评估肾功能[3]。广泛用于肥料中的氮源,是化学工业的重要原料。

[ 相关类别 ]:

研究领域 >> 心血管疾病

天然产物 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Bennion BJ, et al. The molecular basis for the chemical denaturation of proteins by urea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5142-7.

[2]. Pan M, et al. Urea: a comprehensive review of the clinical literature. Dermatol Online J. 2013 Nov 15;19(11):20392.

[3]. Wang H, et al. Urea. Subcell Biochem. 2014;73:7-29.

[相关活性小分子]

[ 密度 ]:
1.335

[ 沸点 ]:
332.48°C

[ 熔点 ]:
131-135 ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
CH₄N₂O

[ 分子量 ]:
60.055

[ 闪点 ]:
53.7±22.6 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
60.032364

[ PSA ]:
69.11000

[ LogP ]:
-1.43

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
<0.1 hPa (20 °C)

[ 折射率 ]:
n20/D 1.40

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Substances to be avoided include strong oxidizing agents. Protect from moisture.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
1080 g/L (20 ºC)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: YR6250000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Urea

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 57-13-6

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 43

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C-H4-N2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 60.07

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ZVZ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8471 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intratracheal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 567 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 11 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6608 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - coma

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 9200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 4800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 14800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - domestic

DOSE/DURATION :: 511 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tetany Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 288 mg/m3/17W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in chlorine

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3024 mg/kg/4W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 37800 mg/kg/25W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in prostate weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 821 gm/kg/1Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 394 gm/kg/1Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraplacental

DOSE :: 1400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 16 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraplacental

DOSE :: 1600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 16 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraplacental

DOSE :: 1600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 16 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intrauterine

DOSE :: 6 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 18 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - abortion

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 13 gm/L

REFERENCE :: GMCRDC Gann Monograph on Cancer Research. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No. 11- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,95,1981 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80231 No. of Facilities: 22367 (estimated) No. of Industries: 156 No. of Occupations: 119 No. of Employees: 284911 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X7915 No. of Facilities: 9 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 63 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 9 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80231 No. of Facilities: 31269 (estimated) No. of Industries: 204 No. of Occupations: 164 No. of Employees: 783504 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 326824 (estimated)

点击显示

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn,Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
36/37/38-40

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36-S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
YR6250000

[ 海关编码 ]:
3102100001

尿素上游产品

尿素下游产品

1.尿素中哺乳动物体内蛋白质代谢的最终产物。1922年，在德国实现了用氨和二氧化碳合成尿素的工业化生产。氨与二氧化碳反应生成氨基甲酸胺，再脱水生成尿素。

2.氨与二氧化碳反应生成氨基甲酸铵，再脱水生成尿素。

经过净化的氨与二氧化碳按摩尔比2.8～4.5混合送入合成塔，塔内压力为13.8～24.6MPa，温度为180～200℃，反应物料停留时间为25～40min，得到含过剩氨和氨基甲酸铵的尿素溶液（脲液）。经减压、降温，将分离出氨和氨基甲酸铵后的脲液，蒸浓到99.5%以上，然后在造粒塔造粒得到尿素成品。

目前世界上流行的工艺有4种：荷兰斯塔米卡邦的CO2汽提工艺，意大利斯那姆普罗盖提的NH3汽提工艺，日本三井东压的ACES工艺和意大利蒙特爱迪生的IDR工艺。国外最近开发成功了高效联合法尿素生产新工艺。该工艺是在水溶液循环法基础上做重大改进形成的。其规模可大可小，特别适合我国中、小氮肥企业的技术改造和转产。其吨尿素的各项消耗指标几乎毫不逊色于上述先进流程的指标。其工艺流程如下：

3.氰氨化钙在硫酸作用下生成氰胺，然后与水生成脲：

经脱色、重结晶即得成品

点击显示

[ 海关编码 ]: 3102100001

A new enabling proteomics methodology to investigate membrane associated proteins from parasitic nematodes: case study using ivermectin resistant and ivermectin susceptible isolates of Caenorhabditis elegans and Haemonchus contortus.

Vet. Parasitol. 207(3-4) , 266-75, (2015)

The mechanisms involved in anthelmintic resistance (AR) are complex but a greater understanding of AR management is essential for effective and sustainable control of parasitic helminth worms in lives...

Itraconazole suppresses the growth of glioblastoma through induction of autophagy: involvement of abnormal cholesterol trafficking.

Autophagy 10(7) , 1241-55, (2014)

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive human cancers with poor prognosis, and therefore a critical need exists for novel therapeutic strategies for management of glioblastoma patients. Itraconazol...

Synergistic activity of tenofovir and nevirapine combinations released from polycaprolactone matrices for potential enhanced prevention of HIV infection through the vaginal route.

Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 88(2) , 406-14, (2014)

Polycaprolactone (PCL) matrices were simultaneously loaded with the antiviral agents, tenofovir (TFV) and nevirapine (NVP), in combination to provide synergistic activity in the prevention of HIV tran...

更多文献

公司名：上海化源世纪贸易有限公司

区域：上海市普陀区

价格：

联系人：徐经理

产品详情：尿素

公司名：南通润丰石油化工有限公司

区域：南通市崇川区

价格：
￥需询单/1kg ￥需询单/1ton

联系人：曹经理

产品详情：尿素

公司名：云南西力生物技术股份有限公司

区域：昆明市盘龙区

价格：
￥需询单/5mg

联系人：郑雪平

产品详情：尿素

公司名：上海吉至生化科技有限公司

区域：上海市奉贤区

价格：
￥58.0/50mg ￥58.0/500g ￥258.0/5kg

联系人：刘佳

产品详情：尿素

公司名：上海脉铂医药科技有限公司

区域：上海市嘉定区

价格：
￥1149.0/0g ￥需询单/1g ￥需询单/1g ￥需询单/1g

联系人：李先生

产品详情：Urea

查看所有供应商请点击：

尿素供应商

尿素

尿素用途

尿素名称

尿素生物活性

尿素物理化学性质

尿素MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

尿素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

尿素安全信息

尿素合成路线

详细合成路线

尿素上下游产品

尿素上游产品

尿素下游产品

尿素制备

尿素海关

尿素文献

相关化工产品/化学物质：

推荐生产厂家/供应商：

相关化合物