Reductions of carboxylic acids and their derivatives using samarium diiodide-acid system

~32%

~48%

~67%

~89%

~24%

~7%

~84%

~55%

~75%

~%

~%

~11%

~0%

~61%

~1%

~76%

~16%

~5%

~40%

~51%

~6%

~60%

~48%

~%