维生素b12

维生素b12用途

维生素B12缺乏会导致贫血、神经系统障碍。可用于婴幼儿食品，使用量为10～30μg/kg；在强化饮液中使用量为2～6μg/kg。
主要用于治疗巨幼红细胞贫血、营养性不良、失血性贫血、神经痛及障碍性疾患
作为饲料营养强化剂，具有抗贫血的作用，对恶性贫血、营养性贫血、寄生虫性贫血均有效用量15-30mg/t。
维生素B12是人体组织代谢过程中所必需的维生素。人体内维生素B12的平均总量为2-5mg，其中50-90%贮存于肝脏内，在机体需要时，释放入血液中形成红细胞。长期缺乏B12会导致恶性贫血。B12及叶酸是细胞合成核酸过程中的重要畏酶，参与合成嘌呤、嘧啶、核酸和蛋氨酸等；并可使甲基转移，而促进但碱的合成；同时可增加糖地元的合成，从而有消除肝脏脂的作用。临床常作为治疗肝病的药物。人体每天约需维生素B121微克，每天食物中能提供2微克，即可保证正常的需要。维生素B12中的羟钴素可与氰化物反应，生成氰钴酸，从而能消除氰化物的毒性。因此，维生素B12缺乏者对氰化物的敏感性比一般人高。维生素B12主要用于治疗恶性贫血、巨幼红细胞贫血、抗叶酸药起起的贫血和多发性神经炎等。

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维生素b12名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
68-19-9

[ 中文名 ]:
维生素B12

[ 英文名 ]:
Vitamin B12

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

cob(II)alamin
vitral
Vb12
cotel
vibalt
embiol
Vitamin b12
Cyanocobalamin
CN-13-epiCbl
covit

维生素b12生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Vitamin B12是水溶性维生素,在维持脑、神经系统正常功能和血流形成等方面发挥关键作用。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[参考文献]

[1]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

[2]. Banerjee, R. and S.W. Ragsdale, The many faces of vitamin B12: catalysis by cobalamin-dependent enzymes. Annu Rev Biochem, 2003. 72: p. 209-47.

[相关活性小分子]

维生素b12物理化学性质

[ 熔点 ]:
>300ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆₃H₈₈CoN₁₄O₁₄P

[ 分子量 ]:
1355.365

[ 精确质量 ]:
1354.567383

[ PSA ]:
479.70000

[ LogP ]:
6.57018

[ 外观性状 ]:
红色结晶粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
0-10°C;存放于惰性气体之中;避免湿气 (吸湿),加热

[ 水溶解性 ]:
水溶性：微溶；水溶解度：12.5 g/l 25 °C；不溶：丙酮,氯仿,乙醚

维生素b12MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

维生素b12毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GG3750000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cobinamide, cyanide phosphate 3'-ester with 5,6-dimethyl-1-alpha-D- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole, inner salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 68-19-9

LAST UPDATED :: 199706

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 11

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C63-H88-Co-N14-O14-P

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 1355.55

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: D C5656 B-5 B6 B5 S5 J&5 B-19- Q&6 N&5/B-N/DU/J&-M& J&- O& 9ABBBBCSTT V& AN-CO-&& B-N CN TN C

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,114,1992

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1364 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :: ARPAAQ Archives of Pathology. (Chicago, IL) V.5(3)-50(3), 1928-50; V.70-99, 1960-75. For publisher information, see APLMAS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,278,1950

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2727 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :: ARPAAQ Archives of Pathology. (Chicago, IL) V.5(3)-50(3), 1928-50; V.70-99, 1960-75. For publisher information, see APLMAS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,278,1950 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 115 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

REFERENCE :: NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869- Volume(issue)/page/year: 242,263,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

DOSE :: 168 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

REFERENCE :: JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,377,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

DOSE :: 84 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 11 day(s) after conception

REFERENCE :: JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,377,1978 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO COBALT METAL, dust and fume-air:10H TWA 0.05 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80358 No. of Facilities: 1219 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 20 No. of Employees: 19601 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80358 No. of Facilities: 3495 (estimated) No. of Industries: 12 No. of Occupations: 46 No. of Employees: 65178 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 27980 (estimated)

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维生素b12安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F,T

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
11-23/24/25-39/23/24/25

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
GG3750000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2936260000

维生素b12上下游产品

维生素b12上游产品

维生素b12下游产品

维生素b12制备

①从生产庆大霉素的下脚料中提取维生素B12。

②在5，6二甲基苯并咪唑的存在下，用丙酸杆菌发酵生产维生素B12。菌种发酵结束后，用亚硫酸钠调pH值为5，再用活性炭吸附，洗脱，净化。然后用1%氰化钠转化，再经溶媒、水反复萃取，浓缩，结晶可得维生素B12。

3.由灰色链霉菌发酵制备，发酵液经酸化、吸附、洗脱、净化，用１％氰化物转化，再经溶媒和水反复萃取、浓缩、层析、结晶制得。

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维生素b12海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2936260000

维生素b12文献

Alanine Scanning Mutagenesis Identifies an Asparagine–Arginine–Lysine Triad Essential to Assembly of the Shell of the Pdu Microcompartment

J. Mol. Biol. 426(12) , 2328-45, (2014)

Bacterial microcompartments (MCPs) are the simplest organelles known. They function to enhance metabolic pathways by confining several related enzymes inside an all-protein envelope called the shell. ...

Tissue vitamin concentrations are maintained constant by changing the urinary excretion rate of vitamins in rats' restricted food intake.

Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 78(12) , 2102-9, (2014)

We previously reported that mild food restriction induces a reduction in tryptophan-nicotinamide conversion, which helps to explain why death secondary to pellagra is pandemic during the hungry season...

Effect of concentrate feeder design on performance, eating and animal behavior, welfare, ruminal health, and carcass quality in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets.

J. Anim. Sci. 93 , 3018-33, (2015)

A total of 240 Holstein bulls (121 ± 2.0 kg initial BW; 99 ± 1.0 d of age), from 2 consecutive fattening cycles, were randomly allocated in 1 of 6 pens and assigned to 1 of the 3 treatments consisting...

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维生素b12

维生素b12用途

维生素b12名称

维生素b12生物活性

维生素b12物理化学性质

维生素b12MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

维生素b12毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

维生素b12安全信息

维生素b12上下游产品

维生素b12上游产品

维生素b12下游产品

维生素b12制备

维生素b12海关

维生素b12文献

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