Emodin

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 15:16:13

Emodin structure	Common Name	Emodin
	CAS Number	518-82-1	Molecular Weight	270.237
	Density	1.6±0.1 g/cm3	Boiling Point	586.9±39.0 °C at 760 mmHg
	Molecular Formula	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	Melting Point	255 °C (dec.)(lit.)
	MSDS	Chinese USA	Flash Point	322.8±23.6 °C
	Symbol	GHS07	Signal Word	Warning

Use of Emodin

Emodin is a broad-spectrum anticancer agent. Emodin inhibits casein kinase II (CKII) activity with IC50 of 2 μM.

Name	emodin
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Emodin is a broad-spectrum anticancer agent. Emodin inhibits casein kinase II (CKII) activity with IC50 of 2 μM.
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >> Autophagy >> Autophagy Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> Casein Kinase Signaling Pathways >> Stem Cell/Wnt >> Casein Kinase Research Areas >> Cancer Natural Products >> Quinones
Target	CKII:2 μM (IC50)
In Vitro	Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative, selectively inhibits casein kinase II(CKII), a Ser/Thr kinase, as a competitive inhibitor. Emodin inhibits CKII activity with IC50 of 2 μM, which is two to three orders of magnitude lower than those against the other kinases. Enzyme kinetic assays show that Emodin inhibits CKII activity as acompetitive inhibitor against ATP with Ki of 7.2 μM[1]. Emodin is a broad-spectrum inhibitory agent of cancer cells, including leukemia, lung cancer, human tongue squamous cancer, colon cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, human cervical cancer and hepatic carcinoma cells. Emodin inhibits A549, HepG2, OVCAR-3, HeLa and Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells with IC50 of 19.54, 12.79, 25.82, 12.14 and 5.81 μg/mL. The anticancer mechanisms of Emodin are involved in many biological pathways, such as casein kinase II and ERK1/2[2]. Emodin is applied as a Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generator in combination with cisplatin in T24 and J82 human bladder cancer cells. Emodin kills T24 and J82 cells in the dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, and it is less toxic to HCV-29 cells. The concentration of 20 and 15 μM is selected as appropriate doses for investigating chemotherapeutic sensitivity of T24 and J82 cells at 24 h, respectively[3].
In Vivo	Mice treated with Emodin (50 mg/kg) and Cisplatin (1 mg/kg) have significantly smaller tumors than those from the other groups. In addition, no notable differences on the body weight loss are observed among groups and no obvious necrosis and abnormity are observed in the sections of liver, kidney and heart. These results demonstrate that Emodin/cisplatin co-treatment can significantly suppress tumor growth in vivo with no distinct side effects. Consistent with in vitro experiment, TUNEL assay shows that Emodin/cisplatin combination significantly increased cell apoptosis in xenograft tumors. Emodin/Cisplatin co-treatment group also has lower MRP1 expression than the other groups[3].
Cell Assay	The T24 human bladder cancer cells, the HCV-29 normal bladder epithelial cells and J82 human bladder cancer cells are are cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5 % CO2. Cells are seeded in 96-well plates with 2×104 cells per well. The cells are incubated with Emodin for 24 h at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 μM) and chose the critical concentration (20 μM) treated with cells for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. The cells are incubated with cisplatin for 24 h at different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 μg/mL). MTT assay is used to analyze the cell viability. Cells are treated with drugs for 24 h and apoptotic rates are assessed with flow cytometry using AnnexinV-fluorescein isothiocyanate (AnnexinV-FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) kit. Samples are prepared according to the manufacturer’s instruction and analyzed by a flow cytometry (FCM) Calibur[3].
Animal Admin	Mice[3] 3×106 T24 cells are harvested, washed, and resuspended in serum-free optimum medium and then injected subcutaneously into 6-week old BALB/c-nu/nu mice (n=8 mice per group). Three days after inoculation, the mice are intraperitoneally administered with PBS, Emodin (50 mg/kg), Cisplatin (1 mg/kg), or Emodin/cisplatin every two days. On day 18, every mouse is sacrificed. After body weight measurement, tumors are isolated, weighted and fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde (PFA). Hearts, livers and kidneys are stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin to determine the systemic toxicity. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end label (TUNEL) assay is performed on paraformaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor sections.
References	[1]. Yim H, et al. Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative isolated from the rhizomes of Rheum palmatum, selectively inhibits the activity of casein kinase II as a competitive inhibitor. Planta Med. 1999 Feb;65(1):9-13. [2]. Xing JY, et al. Antitumor Effects and Mechanism of Novel Emodin Rhamnoside Derivatives against Human Cancer CellsIn Vitro. PLoS One. 2015 Dec 18;10(12):e0144781. [3]. Li X, et al. Emodin enhances cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human bladder cancer cells through ROS elevation and MRP1 downregulation. BMC Cancer. 2016 Aug 2;16:578.

Density	1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	586.9±39.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	255 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Molecular Formula	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
Molecular Weight	270.237
Flash Point	322.8±23.6 °C
Exact Mass	270.052826
PSA	94.83000
LogP	5.03
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.745
Storage condition	2-8°C
Water Solubility	DMSO: soluble \| <0.1 g/100 mL at 19 ºC

Emodin MSDS(Chinese)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: CB7920600

CHEMICAL NAME :: Anthraquinone, 6-methyl-1,3,8-trihydroxy-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 518-82-1

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1888141

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 14

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C15-H10-O5

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 270.25

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: L C666 BV IVJ DQ FQ L1 NQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 35 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 mg/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 240,1,1990

Symbol	GHS07
Signal Word	Warning
Hazard Statements	H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements	P261-P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment	dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes	Xi:Irritant
Risk Phrases	R36/37/38
Safety Phrases	S26-S36-S37/39
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	CB7920600
HS Code	2932999099

Precursor 9
CAS#:6030-60-0 (3,8-diacetylox... CAS#:5018-84-8 1-hydroxy-6,8-d... CAS#:14787-38-3 1,4-Naphthalene... CAS#:491-60-1 Emodinanthrone
CAS#:541-47-9 3,3-Dimethylacr... CAS#:25436-25-3 trimethylsilyl ... CAS#:76695-92-6 5-hydroxy-7-met... CAS#:76695-89-1 7-methyl-5-((tr...
CAS#:106-51-4 1,4-Benzoquinone
DownStream 10
CAS#:548-03-8 Protohypericin CAS#:491-60-1 Emodinanthrone CAS#:481-74-3 Chrysophanic acid CAS#:613-12-7 2-METHYLANTHRACENE
CAS#:521-61-9 Physcion CAS#:3775-08-4 1-O-Methylemodin CAS#:3774-64-9 Questin CAS#:84993-87-3 [4,5-diacetylox...
CAS#:476-46-0 9,10-Anthracene... CAS#:5018-84-8 1-hydroxy-6,8-d...

HS Code	2914690090
Summary	2914690090 other quinones。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%

Chemical genetics reveals a complex functional ground state of neural stem cells.

Nat. Chem. Biol. 3(5) , 268-273, (2007)

The identification of self-renewing and multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) in the mammalian brain holds promise for the treatment of neurological diseases and has yielded new insight into brain canc...

The direct anti-MRSA effect of emodin via damaging cell membrane.

Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 99 , 7699-709, (2015)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an important bacterium for nosocomial infection. Only a few antibiotics can be effective against MRSA. Therefore, searching for new drugs ...

Effect of formula compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of components from Dachengqi Decoction [See Text] in rats.

Chin. J. Integr. Med. 18(9) , 708-13, (2012)

To investigate the effect of prescription compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of components from Dachengqi Decoction (DCQD, ) in rats.Twenty-four male rats were randomly and equally divided into the...

6-Methyl-1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone

MFCD00001207

Ecdyson

1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione

Alatinone

1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone

EMODINE

1,3,8-Tri-hydroxy-6-methyl-anthra-quinone

Emodin

EMODIN 99

1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone

EINECS 208-258-8

EMODOL

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Emdin

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