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烟酸

烟酸用途

Niacin (Vitamin B3)是水溶性维生素,是维生素B家族中一员。

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烟酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
59-67-6

[ 中文名 ]:
烟酸

[ 英文名 ]:
Nicotinic acid

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid
Vitamin B3
5-22-02-00057 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
3-Pyridylcarboxylic acid
MFCD00006391
P. P. Factor
Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
Pyridine-β-carboxylic acid
P.P. factor-pellagra preventive factor
T6NJ CVQ

烟酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Niacin (Vitamin B3)是水溶性维生素,是维生素B家族中一员。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 自噬 >> 自噬

天然产物 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Bruckert E, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of nicotinic acid alone or in combination on cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):353-61.

[2]. Wan P, et al. Pellagra: a review with emphasis on photosensitivity. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Jun;164(6):1188-200.

[3]. Ishii N, et al. Pellagra among chronic alcoholics: clinical and pathological study of 20 necropsy cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;44(3):209-15.

[相关活性小分子]

烟酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.473

[ 沸点 ]:
292.5±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
234-238 ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆H₅NO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
123.11

[ 闪点 ]:
130.7±19.8 °C

[ PSA ]:
55.98000

[ LogP ]:
0.15

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至灰白色粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.571

[ 储存条件 ]:
0-6°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. May be light sensitive.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
1-5 g/100 mL at 17 ºC

烟酸MSDS

烟酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: QT0525000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Nicotinic acid

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 59-67-6

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0109591

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 19

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H5-N-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 123.12

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T6NJ CVQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 2571 mg/kg/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - change in clotting factors Blood - changes in platelet count

REFERENCE :: AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 152,861,1992

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 9713 mg/kg/58W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Skin and Appendages - sweating Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

REFERENCE :: SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446, Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,496,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,544,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 730 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,544,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,241,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3720 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,149,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 358 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: THERAP Therapie. (Doin, Editeurs, 8, Place de l'Odeon, F-75006 Paris, France) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,831,1971

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: BAXXDU British UK Patent Application. (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Foreign Patents, Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #2041937

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 4550 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,241,1938 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 174 gm/kg/94W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

REFERENCE :: ONCOBS Oncology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,106,1981 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81908 No. of Facilities: 1815 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 19 No. of Employees: 13494 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81908 No. of Facilities: 3028 (estimated) No. of Industries: 15 No. of Occupations: 46 No. of Employees: 61057 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 26152 (estimated)

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烟酸安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H319

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P337 + P313

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
2810.0

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
QS3675000

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
29362990

烟酸合成路线

烟酸上下游产品

烟酸上游产品

烟酸下游产品

烟酸制备

烟酸最初是通过氧化尼古丁得到的，在工业上多以烷基吡啶，如3-甲基吡啶、2-甲基-5-乙基吡啶（ＭＥＰ）以及喹啉等为原料制得。从合成方法看，一般分为试剂氧化法、氨氧化法、气相氧化法、电解氧化法以及其他方法等。
　１．硝酸氧化法　将ＭＥＰ、３-甲基吡啶或喹啉用硝酸进行液相氧化，可制得烟酸。
　２．气相氧化法　该法的特点是以空气（或富氧空气）作氧化剂，在催化剂作用下，氧化３甲基吡啶制得烟酸。安徽朝阳化工厂采用此法投入了生产。此法由于采用空气作氧化剂，催化剂可长期循环使用，且一步氧化到位，比氨氧化法污染更少，是一种低成本，高效率、有发展前途的方法。
　３．高锰酸钾氧化法　以３-甲基吡啶为原料，经高锰酸钾氧化而得烟酸。其反应式如下：

　４．氨氧化法　３-甲基吡啶（或ＭＥＰ）用空气、氨进行气相催化氧化，得到烟腈；烟腈进一步水解，可得到烟酰胺或烟酸，其反应式如下：

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烟酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2933399090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2933399090. 其他结构含非稠合吡啶环的化合物. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:20.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 乌洛托品请注明外观, 6－己内酰胺请注明外观, 签约日期

[ Summary ]:
2933399090. other compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

烟酸文献

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 causes ADAM10-dependent ectodomain shedding of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Mol. Pharmacol. 87(3) , 533-42, (2015)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) has a potential antiatherosclerotic effect through anti-inflammatory actions. We investigated how 1,25D3 regulates tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced lectin-like...

Evidence for fatty acids mediating CL 316,243-induced reductions in blood glucose in mice.

Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 307(7) , E563-70, (2014)

CL 316,243, a β3-adrenergic agonist, was developed as an antiobesity and diabetes drug and causes rapid decreases in blood glucose levels in mice. The mechanisms mediating this effect have not been fu...

Protein enrichment of an Opuntia ficus-indica cladode hydrolysate by cultivation of Candida utilis and Kluyveromyces marxianus.

J. Sci. Food Agric. 95(5) , 1094-102, (2015)

The cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear cactus) have a low protein content; for use as a balanced feed, supplementation with other protein sources is therefore desirable. We investigated pr...

更多文献

烟酸

烟酸用途

烟酸名称

烟酸生物活性

烟酸物理化学性质

烟酸MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

烟酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

烟酸安全信息

烟酸合成路线

详细合成路线

烟酸上下游产品

烟酸上游产品

烟酸下游产品

烟酸制备

烟酸海关

烟酸文献

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