Ferbam (Iron(III) dimethyldithiocarbamate) is a potent fungicide[1].
Filipin, produced as a mixture of related compounds known as the filipin complex (filipins I-IV) in nature[1], is a 28-membered ring pentaene macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by S. filipinensis, S. avermitilis and S. miharaensis. Filipin interacts with membrane sterols causing the alteration of membrane structure. Filipin III is the major component of Filipin[2].
Kanosamine hydrochloride is an antibiotic which inhibits the growth of plant-pathogenic oomycetes, certain fungi and a few bacterial species. Kanosamine inhibits Phytophthora medicaginis M2913 and Aphanomyces euteiches WI-98 with MICs of 25 and 60 µg/mL, respectively.
Cymoxanil is a fungicidal against plant diseases caused by fungi belonging to the Perenosporales[1].
L685818 is a specific immunophilin ligand. L685818 was neuroregenerative and non-neuroprotective in primary brain cultures. L685818 protects dopaminergic neurons from toxic inhibition of MPP+ and 6-OHDA, reduces tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) loss, and promotes neuronal process regeneration. L685818 is also an antifungal reagent for Cryptococcus neoformans[1][2].
4-Chlorocinnamic acid has inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid has antibacterial activity. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid also inhibits Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth[1][2][3].
Prodigiosin (Prodigiosine) is a secondary metabolite of Symbiotic bacteria, with anti-fungal and anti-cancer activity[1][2].
Pentamidine (MP-601205) dimesylate is an antimicrobial agent and interferes with DNA biosynthetics. Pentamidine dimesylate inhibits parasite Leishmania infantum with an IC50 of 2.5 μM. Pentamidine dimesylate is a potent and selective protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) and phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) inhibitor. Pentamidine dimesylate has the potential for Gambian trypanosomiasis, antimony-resistant leishmaniasis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treatment. Antitumor and antibacterial activities[1][2][3][4].
Antifungal agent 74 (compound 3c) is a potent antifungal agent that displays excellent fungicidal activity against C. arachidicola and R. solani. Antifungal agent 74 exerts its fungicidal activity by disrupting steroid biosynthesis and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes[1].
Myclobutanil is a conazole class fungicide widely used as an agrichemical.
Avenaciolide is an antifungal bis-γ-lactone found in Aspergillus avenaceus. Avenaciolide has also antibacterial action. Avenaciolide is a specific inhibitor of glutamate transport in rat liver mitochondria. Avenaciolide interferes with the ability of ADP to stimulate the rate of glutamate oxidation[1][2].
Eleutherol is a naphthalene isolated from E. americana with antifungal activities[1]. Eleutherol is against yeasts Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC values between 7.8 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL[1]. Eleutherol inhibits α-glucosidase function with an IC50>1.00 mM[2].
Caulilexin C is a phytoalexin from crucifers with antifungal activity[1].
Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].
EP2 is an antimicrobial peptide. EP2 has antibacterial and antifungal activities. EP2 inhibits E. gallinarum, P. pyocyanea, A. baumanii, K. terrigena with a MIC value of 11.4 μg/mL[1].
Corydalmine (L-Corydalmine), an alkaloid isolated from roots of Corydalis Chaerophylla, inhibits spore germination of some plant pathogenic as well as saprophytic fungi[1]. Corydalmine acts as an oral analgesic agent, exhibiting potent analgesic activity[2]. Corydalmine alleviates Vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in mice by inhibiting an NF-κB-dependent CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling pathway[3].
L-4-Oxalysine hydrochloride is a natural product isolated from the culture media of Streptomyces roseovirdofuscus in China which has shown antitumor activities.
Anserinone B is an antifungal and antibacterial benzoquinone. Anserinone B causes radial growth reductions of 50% and 37% against S.fimicola and A. furfuraceus, respectively. Anserinones B also displays moderate cytotoxicity in the NCI’s 60 human tumor cell line panel (GI50=4.4 µg/mL)[1].
Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-valyl) inhibits Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus.Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-valyl) inhibits transcription of the Aflatoxin-related genes aflR, hexB, pksL1, and dmtA.[1].
Prodigiosin (Prodigiosine) hydrochloride is a red pigment produced by bacteria as a bioactive secondary metabolite. Prodigiosin hydrochloride is a potent proapoptotic agent, and inhibits Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Prodigiosin hydrochloride has antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antimalarial, immunosuppressive, and anticancer properties[1][2].
Dithianon is a broad-spectrum anthraquinone fungicide with good adherence to the surface of leaves and fruits. Dithianon is used to control several several fungal of some fruits and vegetables, as anthracnose (Colletotrichum sp., Elsinoe ampelina), mildew (Plasmopara viticola), phomopsis (Phomopsis viticola), among others[1][2].
Fungicide5 is a fungicide candidate targeting succinate dehydrogenase (Ki = 0.095 μM).
Mildiomycin is a Streptoverticillium rimofaciens antibiotic against powdery mildew of barley. Mildiomycin inhibits some Mycobacterium and Rhodotorula growth, but fails against most fungi and bacteria[1].
Phosphomannose isomerase is the first enzyme involved in the biosynthesis pathway of GDP-Man. Phosphomannose isomerase catalyzes the conversion between fructose-6-phosphate (Fru6P) and mannose-6-phosphate (Man6P). Phosphomannose isomerase is important for cell wall synthesis and protein glycosylation. Phosphomannose isomerase is a potent antifungal target to curb the threats posed by A. flavus[1].
Triticonazole is a triazole pesticide. Triticonazole an azole fungicide, shows endocrine disrupting activities[1][2].
Fluazinam is a broad spectrum pyridinamine fungal inhibitor.
Filastatin is a long-lasting inhibitor of Candida albicans filamentation. Filastatin inhibits adhesion by multiple pathogenic Candida species with an IC50 of ~3 μM in the GFP-based adhesion assay. Filastatin inhibits fungal adhesion to polystyrene and human cells, the yeast-to-hyphal morphological transition, induction of the hyphal-specific HWP1 promoter. Filastatin has potent antifungal effect[1].
Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal agent against a wide variety of fungal pathogens. It binds irreversibly to ergosterol, resulting in disruption of membrane integrity and ultimately cell death.
Cyclosporin C is a fungal metabolite that has been found in T. inflatum and has diverse biological activities, including antifungal, antiviral, and immunosuppressant properties. Cyclosporin C is active against isolates of B. cinerea, A. niger, and Alternaria, Mucor, and Penicillium species (MICs=0.1-5 μg/ml).
41F5 is anti-fugal agent. 41F5 is highly active against Histoplasma yeast (MIC50 0.4-0.8 μM). 41F5 has fungistatic activity against Histoplasma yeast with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.87 μM, and has the greatest selectivity for yeast (at least 62-fold) relative to host cells.