Saccharide is also called carbohydrate, consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. The saccharides are divided into four chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides serve for the storage of energy (e.g. starch and glycogen) and as structural components. The 5-carbon monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g. ATP, FAD and NAD) and the backbone of the genetic molecule known as RNA. The related deoxyribose is a component of DNA. Saccharides and their derivatives include many other important biomolecules that play key roles in the immune system, fertilization, preventing pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development. A glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. These can be activated by enzyme hydrolysis, which causes the sugar part to be broken off, making the chemical available for use. Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. In animals and humans, poisons are often bound to sugar molecules as part of their elimination from the body.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase JAK MicroRNA PARP PKC Sirtuin Protein Arginine Deiminase
GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

3-Indolepropionic acid

3-Indolepropionic acid is shown to be a powerful antioxidant and has potential in the treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.

  • CAS Number: 830-96-6
  • MF: C11H11NO2
  • MW: 189.210
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 417.6±20.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 134-135 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 206.4±21.8 °C

D-(+)-Glucose

Dextrose, a simple sugar (monosaccharide), is an important carbohydrate in biology.Target: OthersDextrose(D-glucose), a simple sugar (monosaccharide), is an important carbohydrate in biology.

  • CAS Number: 50-99-7
  • MF: C6H12O6
  • MW: 180.156
  • Catalog: GPR119
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 527.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 146 ºC
  • Flash Point: 286.7±26.6 °C

7-Methylxanthine

7-Methylxanthine, a methyl derivative of xanthine, is one of the purine components in urinary calculi.

  • CAS Number: 552-62-5
  • MF: C6H6N4O2
  • MW: 166.137
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 300ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

Delta-Gluconolactone

D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone is a polyhydroxy (PHA) that is capable of metal chelating, moisturizing and antioxidant activity.

  • CAS Number: 90-80-2
  • MF: C6H10O6
  • MW: 178.140
  • Catalog: PROTAC Linker
  • Density: 0.6
  • Boiling Point: 230.35°C
  • Melting Point: 151-155 ºC
  • Flash Point: 192.3±20.3 °C

3-Indoleacetic acid

Indole-3-acetic acid (3-Indoleacetic acid; IAA) is the most common natural plant growth hormone of the auxin class. It can be added to cell culture medium to induce plant cell elongation and division.

  • CAS Number: 87-51-4
  • MF: C10H9NO2
  • MW: 175.184
  • Catalog: Biochemical Assay Reagents
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 415.0±20.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 165-169 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 204.8±21.8 °C

Paraxanthine

Paraxanthine, a caffeine metabolite, provides protection against Dopaminergic cell death via stimulation of Ryanodine Receptor Channels.

  • CAS Number: 611-59-6
  • MF: C7H8N4O2
  • MW: 180.16400
  • Catalog: Neurological Disease
  • Density: 1.6 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 312.97°C (rough estimate)
  • Melting Point: 294-296ºC(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 9℃

NAD+

NAD+ is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.

  • CAS Number: 53-84-9
  • MF: C21H27N7O14P2
  • MW: 663.425
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 140 - 142ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

D-(+)-Melezitose

D-(+)-Melezitose can be used to identify clinical isolates of indole-positive and indole-negative Klebsiella spp.

  • CAS Number: 597-12-6
  • MF: C18H32O16
  • MW: 504.43700
  • Catalog: Infection
  • Density: 1.81g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 881.8ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 153ºC
  • Flash Point: 487.1ºC

Manninotriose

Manninotriose is a novel and important player in the RFO(Raffinose family oligosaccharides) metabolism of red dead deadnettle; potential to improve the side effects of MTX for ALL treatment.

  • CAS Number: 13382-86-0
  • MF: C18H32O16
  • MW: 504.437
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 952.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 327.7±27.8 °C

Nystose

Nystose is a tetrasaccharide with two fructose molecules linked via beta (1→2) bonds to the fructosyl moiety of sucrose.

  • CAS Number: 13133-07-8
  • MF: C24H42O21
  • MW: 666.578
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.84±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1075.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 130-133 ºC
  • Flash Point: 604.3±34.3 °C

Hosenkoside K

Hosenkoside K is a baccharane glycoside isolated from the seeds of impatiens balsamina.

  • CAS Number: 160896-49-1
  • MF: C54H92O25
  • MW: 1141.293
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

D-Glucose 6-Phosphate

D-Glucose 6-Phosphate is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.

  • CAS Number: 56-73-5
  • MF: C6H13O9P
  • MW: 260.13600
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.97g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 564.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 295ºC

Xylan

Xylan represents the main hemicellulose component in the secondary plant cell walls of flowering plants. Xylan is a polysaccharide made from units of xylose and contains predominantly β-D-xylose units linked as in cellulose.

  • CAS Number: 9014-63-5
  • MF: C5H10O5
  • MW: 150.13000
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Xylitol

Xylitol is a chemical categorized as a polyalcohol or sugar alcohol.Target: OthersXylitol is a chemical categorized as a polyalcohol or sugar alcohol (alditol). Xylitol has the formula (CHOH)3(CH2OH)2 and is an achiral isomer of pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol. Xylitol is used as a diabetic sweetener which is roughly as sweet as sucrose with 33% fewer calories. Unlike other natural or synthetic sweeteners, xylitol is actively beneficial for dental health by reducing caries to a third in regular use and helpful to remineralization. Xylitol is naturally found in low concentrations in the fibers of many fruits and vegetables, and can be extracted from various berries, oats, and mushrooms, as well as fibrous material such as corn husks and sugar cane bagasse and birch.

  • CAS Number: 87-99-0
  • MF: C5H12O5
  • MW: 152.146
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 494.5±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 94-97 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 261.9±21.9 °C

Adenosine cyclophosphate

cAMP is a mitogenic messenger and promotes the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle.

  • CAS Number: 60-92-4
  • MF: C10H12N5O6P
  • MW: 329.206
  • Catalog: Vasopressin Receptor
  • Density: 2.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 701.5±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 260 °C (dec.)(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 378.0±35.7 °C

sucrose

Sucrose is a disaccharide which is composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose.

  • CAS Number: 57-50-1
  • MF: C12H22O11
  • MW: 342.297
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 697.1±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 185-187 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 375.4±31.5 °C

D-Glucosamine hydrochloride

Glucosamine (hydrochloride) is a natural product.IC50 value:Target:In vitro: Glucosamine hydrochloride exhibited dose-dependent DPPH antioxidant activity [1]. Short-term (4 h) glucosamine hydrochloride treatment inhibited HIF-1α at the protein level, decreased phosphorylation of p70S6K and S6, translation-related proteins [2]. In the obstructed kidneys and TGF-β1-treated renal cells, glucosamine hydrochloride significantly decreased renal expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, and fibronectin [3]. In vivo:

  • CAS Number: 66-84-2
  • MF: C6H14ClNO5
  • MW: 215.632
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 449.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 190-194ºC
  • Flash Point: 225.9ºC

Jujuboside A

Jujuboside A is a glycoside extracted from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, a Chinese herbal medicine used to treat insomnia and anxiety.

  • CAS Number: 55466-04-1
  • MF: C58H94O26
  • MW: 1207.351
  • Catalog: GABA Receptor
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 222-225ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

Hosenkoside F

Hosenkoside F is a baccharane glycoside isolated from the seeds of impatiens balsamina.

  • CAS Number: 160896-45-7
  • MF: C47H80O19
  • MW: 949.127
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1045.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 585.9±34.3 °C

2'-Deoxyinosine

2’-deoxyadenosine inhibits the growth of human colon-carcinoma cell lines and is found to be associated with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency.

  • CAS Number: 890-38-0
  • MF: C10H12N4O4
  • MW: 252.227
  • Catalog: Cancer
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 620.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 250 °C
  • Flash Point: 329.1±34.3 °C

L-(+)-Arabinose

L-(+)-Arabinose selectively inhibits intestinal sucrase activity in a noncompetitive manner and suppresses the plasma glucose increase due to sucrose ingestion.

  • CAS Number: 5328-37-0
  • MF: C5H10O5
  • MW: 150.130
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 415.5±38.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 155ºC
  • Flash Point: 219.2±23.3 °C

N-Methylguanine

N2-Methylguanine is a modified nucleoside. N2-Methylguanine is an endogenous methylated nucleoside found in human fluids.

  • CAS Number: 10030-78-1
  • MF: C6H7N5O
  • MW: 165.153
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 488.2ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 249.1ºC

Officinalisinin I

Officinalisinin I is a steroidal saponin, isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides.

  • CAS Number: 57944-18-0
  • MF: C45H76O19
  • MW: 921.073
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1033.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 162-168 °C
  • Flash Point: 578.9±34.3 °C

Sucralose

Sucralose is an intense organochlorine artificial sweetener.

  • CAS Number: 56038-13-2
  • MF: C12H19Cl3O8
  • MW: 397.634
  • Catalog: Cancer
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 669.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 125.5ºC
  • Flash Point: 358.7±31.5 °C

Perisesaccharide B

Perisesaccharide B is an oligosaccharide isolated from the root barks of Periploca sepium.

  • CAS Number: 1095261-93-0
  • MF: C36H60O18
  • MW: 780.851
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 832.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 246.7±27.8 °C

Salidroside

Salidroside is a prolyl endopeptidase Inhibitor. Salidroside alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling.

  • CAS Number: 10338-51-9
  • MF: C14H20O7
  • MW: 300.304
  • Catalog: mTOR
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 549.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 286.2±30.1 °C

3-Methylxanthine

3-Methylxanthine, a xanthine derivative, is a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 920 μM on guinea-pig isolated trachealis muscle.

  • CAS Number: 1076-22-8
  • MF: C6H6N4O2
  • MW: 166.137
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 322.4ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: >300 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 148.8ºC

2'-Deoxyguanosine

Deoxyguanosine(2'-Deoxyguanosine) is composed of the purine nucleoside guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of deoxyribose.

  • CAS Number: 961-07-9
  • MF: C10H13N5O4
  • MW: 267.241
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 2.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 706.6±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 300 °C
  • Flash Point: 381.2±35.7 °C

Amygdalin

Amygdalin is a plant glucoside isolated from the stones of rosaceous fruits, such as apricots, peaches, almond, cherries, and plums.

  • CAS Number: 29883-15-6
  • MF: C20H27NO11
  • MW: 457.428
  • Catalog: Cancer
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 743.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 223-226 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 403.3±32.9 °C

D-Xylulose

D-xylulose is a precursor of the pentiol D-arabitol.

  • CAS Number: 551-84-8
  • MF: C5H10O5
  • MW: 150.130
  • Catalog: Metabolic Disease
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 364.2±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 174.1±27.9 °C