N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) Anthranilic Acid (ACA) is a broad spectrum Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor and TRP channel blocker[1][2]. N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) Anthranilic Acid (ACA) is also an effective reversible inhibitor of calcium-activated chloride channels, has potential to treat arrhythmia[3].
DL-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine is a potent inhibitor of PKC and phospholipase A2 (PLA2)[1][2].
Compound 48/80 trihydrochloride (C48/80 trihydrochloride) is a mixture of condensation products of N-methyl-p-methoxyphenethylamine with formaldehyde. Compound 48/80 trihydrochloride is also a histamine releaser and a mast cell degranulator. Compound 48/80 inhibits phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C activity from human platelets [1][2][3].
LEI-401 is a first-in-class, selective, and CNS-active NAPE-PLD (N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 27 nM. LEI-401 modulates emotional behavior in mice[1].
WH-15 is a fluorogenic PLC reporter with Km value of 49; 30, 86.1 µM for PLC-γ1, PLC-δ1, PLC-β2, respectively. WH-15 can be cleaved in a cascade reaction to generate fluorescent 6-aminoquinoline. WH-15 can be used to respond to imaging PLC activity in live cells[1].
Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1].
Fuzapladib (IS-741) is a potent phospholipase A2 inhibitor. Fuzapladib can block the adhesion of inflammatory cells to microvascular endothelial cells, inhibit the infiltration of neutrophils into the pancreas or acute pancreatitis, and has anti-acute pancreatitis effects[1].
Lp-PLA2-IN-6 (compound 18), a tetracyclic pyrimidinone compound, is a potent Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 10.0 for rhLp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-6 has the potential for neurodegenerative related diseases research[1].
LY 178002 is a potent inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, phospholipase A2, with IC50 of 0.6 μM for 5-1ipoxygenase, inhibits cellular production of LTB4 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and shows relatively weak inhibition on cyclooxygenase.
LY-311727 is a potent secretory non-pancreatic phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibitor (IC50 <1 μM for group IIA sPLA2). sPLA2 is an important proinflammatory enzyme[1][2].
Lp-PLA2-IN-9 (compound 17), a tetracyclic pyrimidinone compound, is a potent Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 10.1 for rhLp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-9 has the potential for neurodegenerative related diseases research[1].
AA26-9 is a potent and broad spectrum serine hydrolase inhibitor.
MJ33 lithium is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 lithium blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6[1]. MJ33 lithium has a critical effect on inflammatory brain damage[2].
ML-211 is a carbamate-based dual inhibitor of acyl-protein thioesterase 1 (APT1)/lysophospholipase 1 (LYPLA1) (IC50=17 nM) and LYPLA2 (IC50=30 nM). ML-211 also inhibits theserine hydrolase ABHD11 with an IC50 value of 10 nM but is ≥ 50-fold selective for LYPLA in a panel of 20 additional serine hydrolases[1].
Alminoprofen (EB-382) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the phenylpropionic acid class. Alminoprofen possesses a dual anti-inflammatory action, by inhibiting both secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and COX-2[1].
Lp-PLA2-IN-2 is a potent and selective lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) inhibitor, with an IC50 0f 120 nM for recombinant human Lp-PLA2[1].
SB-435495 is a potent, orally active inhibitor of Lp-PLA2 with IC50 of 0.06 nM; inhibits the enzyme in whole human plasma with IC50 of 3 nM; shows little interaction with other CYP450 enzymes (CYP450 IC50: 1A2>100 mM, 2C9>100 uM, 2C19>40 uM, 2D6=37 uM); effectively suppresses BRB breakdown in streptozotocin-diabetic Brown Norway rats,. Atherosclerosis Phase 2 Discontinued
Darapladib is a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) with IC50 of 0.25 nM.
Rapanone is a natural benzoquinone. Rapanone exhibits a broad spectrum of biological actions, including anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiparasitic. Rapanone also is a potent and selective human synovial PLA2 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.6 μM[1][2][3][4].
7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonate (7-HCA) is a fluorogenic substrate of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonate is also a fluorogenic substrate for monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). MAGL protein catalyzes the hydrolysis of 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonat to generate Arachidonic acid (AA) and the highly fluorescent 7-hydroxyl coumarin (7-HC; HY-N0573). Release of 7-HC can be measured using a fluorometer[1][2][3].
ONO-RS-082 is an inhibitor of phospholipase A (PLA)[1]. ONO-RS-082 inhibits PLA2 with the IC50 of 1.0 μM, but does not inhibit PLC even at 100 μM[2].
D-Erythro-dihydrosphingosin directly inhibits cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) activity.
VU 0364739 hydrochloride is a highly selective phospholipase D2 (PLD2) inhibitor with IC50s of 20 and 1500 nM for PLD2 and PLD1, respectively. VU 0364739 hydrochloride induces apoptosis and it can be used for cancer research[1].
1-Linoleoyl glycerol (1-LG) is a fatty acid glycerol that has been isolated from S. chinensis roots.
7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate is a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) fluorogenic substrate. 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate can be used to monitor the enzymatic activity of cPLA2[1].
N-Stearoylsphingomyelin (N-Stearoyl-D-sphingomyelin) is a sphingolipid, which can inhibit Phospholipase Cδ1 (PLCδ1)[1].
Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate is an active compound from the leaves of Vitex negundo L. shows anti-inflammatory activity with evidence of inhibition for secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) through molecular docking[1].
VU0155069 (CAY10593), compound 69, is a selective phospholipase D1 (PLD1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 46 nM in vitro[1]. VU0155069 (CAY10593) strongly inhibits the invasive migration of several cancer cell lines in transwell assays[2].
Halopemide is a potent phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor, with IC50s of 220 and 310 nM for human PLD1 and PLD2, respectively. Halopemid is a dopamine receptors antagonist, and acts a psychotropic agent[1][2].
Atg4B-IN-2 is a potent competitive Atg4B inhibitor with Ki value of 3.1 μM, also possesses declining PLA2 inhibitory potency, IC50s of 11 μM and 3.5 μM for Atg4B and PLA2, respectively. Atg4B-IN-2 enhances the anticancer activity of anti-castration-resistant prostate cancer drugs via autophagy inhibition[1].