DMNQ is a redox cycling agent that generates both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide intracellularly in a concentration dependent manner. DMNQ increases ROS generation[1].
Anticancer agent 56 (compound 4d) is a potent anti-cancer agent with drug-likeness properties, possessing anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines (IC50<3 μM). Anticancer agent 56 induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and triggers mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Anticancer agent 56 acts by accumulation of ROS, up regulation of BAX, down regulation of Bcl-2 and activation of caspases 3, 7, 9[1].
Pinealon is a 3-amino acid peptide and shows neuroprotective properties. Pinealon prevents reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) accumulation and supressesthe activation of ERK 1/2. Pinealon has the ability to stimulate the functional activity of the main cellular elements of brain tissue, reduce the level of spontaneous cell death. Pinealon protects the rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia[1][2][3].
Ensulizole is a sulfonated UV absorber and can intense UVB and partial UVA absorption. Ensulizole can damage the DNA through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon UV or sunlight irradiation. Ensulizole is a water soluble sunscreen ingredient[1].
10-Methyl-9-(phenoxycarbonyl)acridinium fluorosulfonate, a phenyl ester of acridinium esters, is a fluorescent dye that produces chemiluminescent under neutral conditions. 10-Methyl-9-(phenoxycarbonyl)acridinium fluorosulfonate can be used for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide[1].
AChE/BChE-IN-9 (Compound 7a) is a potent, orally active AChE and BChE inhibitor with IC50 values of 5.74 μM and 14.05 μM against hAChE and eqBChE, respectively. AChE/BChE-IN-9 is also an efficacious antioxidant with an IC50 of 57.35 μM. AChE/BChE-IN-9 is able to chelate iron and modulates aggregation of amyloid β1-42. AChE-IN-16 can cross the BBB[1].
ROS kinases-IN-1 (pag 98) is a ROS tyrosine kinase inhibitor with IC50 value of 1.22 μM. ROS kinases-IN-1 shows anti-tumor activity[1].
PI3Kα-IN-6 (Compound 5b) is a PI3Kα inhibitor. PI3Kα-IN-6 exhibits anticancer potential and no toxicity in normal cells. PI3Kα-IN-6 increases generation of ROS, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induces apoptosis[1].
Entrectinib is a potent and orally available Trk, ROS1, and ALK inhibitor; inhibits TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK with IC50 values of 1, 3, 5, 12 and 7 nM, respectively.
Zeteletinib (BOS-172738) shows selective inhibitory activity against RET, PDGFR, KIT, NTRK and FLT3 kinases. Zeteletinib has antitumor activity[1].
Antitumor agent-60 (compound 20) is a potent antitumor agent, targeting RAS-RAF signaling pathway and binding to CRAF with a Kd value of 3.93 μM. Antitumor agent-60 induces apoptosis by blocking cell cycle at G2/M phase. Antitumor agent-60 enhances the level of p53 and ROS. Antitumor agent-60 causes oval and irregular nucleus in cancer cells. Antitumor agent-60 can suppress the growth of tumor to some extent in A549 xenograft model[1].
Iruplinalkib (WX-0593) is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of ALK and ROS1 tyrosine kinase. Iruplinalkib (WX-0593) shows favorable safety and promising antitumor activity in advanced NSCLC with ALK or ROS1 rearrangement[1].
Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) is a potent ALK/ROS1/TRK inhibitor, with IC50 of 5.3 nM, 1.01 nM, 1.26 nM and 1.08 nM for SRC, WT ALK, ALK G1202R and ALK L1196M, respectively.
Anticancer agent 65 (compound 4c) shows excellent activity in cancer cell lines, especially A549 cells, with an IC50 of 1.07 μM. Anticancer agent 65 induces S-phase arrest in A549 cells and increases the expression level of p53 and p21. Anticancer agent 65 causes apoptosis, ROS generation and collapse of MMP in A549 cells[1].
ZC0101 is a potent, orally active IDO1 and TrxR dual inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.084 μM and 7.98 μM, respectively. ZC0101 effectively induces apoptosis and ROS accumulation in cancer cells[1].
Antitumor agent-55 (compound 5q) is a potent antitumor agent. Antitumor agent-55 effectively inhibits PC3, with an IC50 of 0.91 μM. Antitumor agent-55 effectively inhibits the colony formation, suppresses the cell migration in PC3. Antitumor agent-55 induces G1/S phase arrest and apoptosis in PC3[1].
Ziyuglycoside II is a triterpenoid saponin compound extracted from Sanguisorba officinalis L.. Ziyuglycoside II induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effect[1].
MitoPQ is a mitochondria-targeted redox cycler. MitoPQ produces superoxide by redox cycling at the flavin site of complex I, selectively increasing superoxide production within mitochondria. MitoPQ can be used in antioxidant study[1].
Licoricidin (LCD) is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, possesses anti-cancer activities.Licoricidin (LCD) inhibit SW480 cells (IC50=7.2 μM) by inducing cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy, and is a potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent against colorectal cancer[1].Licoricidin (LCD) inhibits Lung Metastasis by inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis as well as changes in the local microenvironment of tumor tissues the anticarcinogenic effect[1].licoricidin enhanced gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in Osteosarcoma (OS) cells by inactivation of the Akt and NF-κB pathways in vitro and in vivo[3]. Licoricidin blocks UVA-induced photoaging via ROS scavenging, limits the activity of MMP-1, it can be considered as an active ingredient in new topically applied anti-ageing formulations[4].
Taletrectinib (DS-6051b) is a potent, orally active, and new-generation selective ROS1/NTRK inhibitor. Taletrectinib potently inhibits recombinant ROS1, NTRK1, and NTRK3 with IC50s of 0.207, 0.622, 2.28, and 0.98 nM, respectively. Taletrectinib also inhibits ROS1 G2032R and other Crizotinib-resistant ROS1 mutants[1][2].
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) is an α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHC) inhibitor, effective inhibits (KGDHC) in muscle, bacterial, brain, and cultured human fibroblasts[1][4].Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) is an 2-Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) inhibitor, impairs viability of cancer cells in a cell-specific metabolism-dependent manner[2].Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) inhibits the glutamate-induced ROS production in glutamate-stimulated hippocampal neurons in situ[3].
Fascaplysin is an antimicrobial and cytotoxic red pigment, that can come from the marine sponge (Fascaplysinopsis sp.). Fascaplysin has been synthesized in seven steps from indole (65% yield). Fascaplysin can induces apoptosis and autophagy in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Fascaplysin shows anti-tumor activity[1][2].
Mefloquine (Mefloquin), an orally active and potent quinoline antimalarial agent, is an anti-SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitor. Mefloquine is also a K+ channel (KvQT1/minK) antagonist with an IC50 of ~1 μM. Mefloquine can be used for malaria, systemic lupus erythematosus and cancer research[1][2][3].
Isodeoxyelephantopin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Elephantopus scaber. Isodeoxyelephantopin induces ROS generation, suppresses NF-κB activation. Isodeoxyelephantopin also modulates LncRNA expression and exhibit activities against breast cancer[1][2].
Anticancer agent 15 is capable of significantly increasing the cellular level of ROS and inducing melanoma cancer cell death via necroptosis.
Nrf2 activator-4 (Compound 20a) is a highly potent, orally active Nrf2 activator with an EC50 of 0.63 µM. Nrf2 activator-4 suppresses reactive oxygen species against oxidative stress in microglia. Nrf2 activator-4 effectively recovers the learning and memory impairment in a scopolamine-induced mouse model[1].
Benz-AP is a potent photosensitizer. Benz-AP produces singlet oxygen, with a negative correlation with hCES2 (Human carboxylesterase 2) activity. Benz-AP displays a higher photocytotoxicity potency in cancer cells under low hCES2 environments. Upon TPE (Two-photon excitation), Benz-AP produces ROS and kills cancer cells and tumor spheroids[1].
Lamalbid is a natural product that can be found in Lantana montevidensis. Lamalbid inhibits ROS generation[1].
Phyltetralin (Compound 10) is a natural product than can be isolated from the hexane-ethyl acetate extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves. Phyltetralin possesses immunosuppressive effects on different lineages of innate immune system[1][2].
NF-κB/PON1-IN-1 (Compound 16) is a NF-κB/PON1 pathway inhibitor. NF-κB/PON1-IN-1 has antioxidant (IC50 = 45.76 µM) and hepatoprotective activities[1].