SGLT1/2-IN-1 is a dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor extract from WO2015032272A1, compound 2 [1].
Phloretin(NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a dihydrochalcone, a type of natural phenols. Phloretin inhibits the active transport of glucose into cells by SGLT1 and SGLT2.IC50 Value: 49 +/- 12 microM [4]Target: SGLT1/2in vitro: Phlorizin blocks glucose transport across the renal tubule at concentrations in renal blood and tissue in the range of 10-5 to 10-7 M [1]. PT significantly enhanced glycerol release and inhibited the adipogenesis-related transcription factors. PT also promoted phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and increased activity of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase in 3T3-L1 cells [2]. Phloretin induced obvious cytotoxicity against BEL-7402 cells with IC50 of 89.23 microg/mL. The growth curve demonstrated decreased growth of the cells as phloretin concentration increased [3]. D-glucose-transport activity was observed with a Km for D-glucose of 3.4 +/- 0.2 mM (mean +/- S.E.M.) and was inhibited by cytochalasin B (IC50= 0.44 +/- 0.03 microM), HgCl2 (IC50)= 3.5 +/- 0.5 microM), phloretin (IC50= 49 +/- 12 microM) and phloridzin (IC50= 355 +/- 67 microM) [4].in vivo: The effect of phloridzin orally doses 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight on diabetes was tested in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetes type 1. From beneficial effect of this compound is significant reduction of blood glucose levels and improve dyslipidemia in diabetic rats [5].
Velagliflozin proline is an oral sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with antidiabetic activity. Velagliflozin proline reduces renal glucose reabsorption and stimulates glycosuria, which lowers blood sugar and insulin concentrations[1].
Phlorizin is a non-selective SGLT inhibitor with Kis of 300 and 39 nM for hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, respectively. Phlorizin is also a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor.
LX2761 is chemically stable and potent inhibitor against sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and SGLT2 in vitro with IC50s of 2.2 nM and 2.7nM for hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, but displays specific SGLT1 inhibition in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract[1].
Mizagliflozin (DSP-3235, KGA-3235, GSK-1614235) is a potent, selective, orally active SGLT1 inhibitor with Ki of 27 nM, displays >350-fold selectivity over SGLT2; increases stool frequency and loosens stool consistency in phase I study; increases fecal wet weight in a dog model of loperamide-induced constipation and a rat model of low-fiber-diet-induced constipation, similar to lubiprostone. Diabetes Phase 1 Clinical
T-1095 is a selective and orally active Na+-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitor with IC50s of 22.8 µM and 2.3 µM for human SGLT1 and SGLT2, respectively. T-1095 can be used for diabetes research[1].
Velagliflozin proline hydrate is the clinical form of Velagliflozin (HY-109018). Velagliflozin is an oral sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with antidiabetic activity. Velagliflozin reduces renal glucose reabsorption and stimulates glycosuria, which lowers blood sugar and insulin concentrations[1].
Henagliflozin (SHR3824) is a potent selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with the IC50 values of 2.38 and 4324 nM for human SGLT2 and SGLT1, respectively. Henagliflozin can be used in diabetes research[1].
KGA-2727 is a potent, selective SGLT1 inhibitor with Ki of 97.4 nM, >100-fold selectivity over SGLT2; attenuates the elevation of plasma glucose after glucose loading in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, preserves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduces urinary glucose excretion with improved morphological changes of pancreatic islets and renal distal tubules in ZDF rats.
Velagliflozin is an orally available sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, with anti-diabetic activity.
Canagliflozin is a selective SGLT2 inhibitor with IC50s of 2 nM, 3.7 nM, and 4.4 nM for mSGLT2, rSGLT2, and hSGLT2 in CHOK cells, respectively.
Ipragliflozin (ASP1941) is a highly potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor with IC50 of 2.8 nM; little and NO potency for SGLT1/3/4/5/6.IC50 value: 2.8 nM [1][2]Target: SGLT2in vitro: Ipragliflozin potently and selectively inhibited human, rat, and mouse SGLT2 at nanomolar ranges and exhibited stability against intestinal glucosidases [3].in vivo: Ipragliflozin showed good pharmacokinetic properties following oral dosing, and dose-dependently increased urinary glucose excretion, which lasted for over 12 h in normal mice [3]. Oral administration of ipragliflozin increased urinary glucose excretion in a dose-dependent manner, an effect which was significant at doses of 0.3 mg/kg or higher and lasted over 12 h [4]. Single administration of ipragliflozin dose-dependently increased urinary glucose excretion, reduced blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, and improved glucose intolerance [5].
Licogliflozin is a sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT1 and SGLT2) inhibitor.
LX-4211 is a potent dual SGLT2/1 inhibitor; Antidiabetic agents.IC50 value:Target: SGLT1/2LX4211 enhanced urinary glucose excretion by inhibiting SGLT2-mediated renal glucose reabsorption; markedly and significantly improved multiple measures of glycemic control, including fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance, and HbA(1c); and significantly lowered serum triglycerides. LX4211 also mediated trends for lower weight, lower blood pressure, and higher glucagon-like peptide-1 levels. In a follow-up single-dose study in 12 patients with T2DM, LX4211 (300 mg) significantly increased glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY levels relative to pretreatment values, probably by delaying SGLT1-mediated intestinal glucose absorption [1]. LX4211-treated mice and SGLT1-/- mice also had increased GLP-1 AUC values, decreased glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) AUC values, and decreased blood glucose excursions during the 6 hours after a challenge with oral glucose alone [2].
Kushenol K, a flavonoid antioxidant isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens. Kushenol K is a cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitor with a Ki value of 1.35 μM[1]. Kushenol K shows weak antiviral activity against HSV-2 (EC50 of 147 μM)[2]. Kushenol K also inhibits the activity of SGLT1 and SGLT2[3].
Tianagliflozin is a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor with potential for investigation in type 2 diabetes[1].
Ipragliflozin (L-Proline) is a highly potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.8 nM; little and NO potency for SGLT1/3/4/5/6.
Dapagliflozin (BMS-512148) is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Ertugliflozin-d5 is the deuterium labeled Ertugliflozin[1]. Ertugliflozin (PF-04971729) is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), with an IC50 of 0.877 nM for h-SGLT2[2]. Has the potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus[3].
Canagliflozin D4 is a deuterium labeled Canagliflozin. Canagliflozin is a selective SGLT2 inhibitor[1].
Trilobatin, a natural sweetener derived from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd[1], Trilobatin is an HIV-1 entry inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 Gp41 envelope[2]. Neuroprotective effects[1]. Trilobatin is also a SGLT1/2 inhibitor that selectively induces the proliferation of human hepatoblastoma cells[3].
SGLT1/2-IN-2 demonstrates potent dual inhibitory activities (IC50 = 96 nM for SGLT1 and IC50 = 1.3 nM for SGLT2).
Enavogliflozin (DWP-16001), an antidiabetic agent, is an orally active, best-in-class and selective sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor[1][2][3].
Dapagliflozin (2S)-1,2-propanediol, hydrate is the S-enantiomer of Dapagliflozin 1,2-propanediol, hydrate. Dapagliflozin inhibits sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), which results in excretion of glucose into the urine.
Tofogliflozin(CSG-452) hydrate is a potent and highly specific sodium/glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2) inhibitor with Ki values of 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2.IC50 value: 2.9/14.9/6.4 nM(human/rat/mouse SGLT2) [1]Target: SGLT2 inhibitorin vitro: Tofogliflozin competitively inhibited SGLT2 in cells overexpressing SGLT2, and K(i) values for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2 inhibition were 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM, respectively. The selectivity of tofogliflozin toward human SGLT2 versus human SGLT1, SGLT6, and sodium/myo-inositol transporter 1 was the highest among the tested SGLT2 inhibitors under clinical development [1]. tofogliflozin was catalyzed to the primary hydroxylated derivative (M4) by CYP2C18, CYP4A11 and CYP4F3B, then M4 was oxidized to M1. 3. Tofogliflozin had no induction potential on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 [4].in vivo: A single oral gavage of tofogliflozin increased renal glucose clearance and lowered the blood glucose level in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Tofogliflozin also improved postprandial glucose excursion in a meal tolerance test with GK rats. In db/db mice, 4-week tofogliflozin treatment reduced glycated hemoglobin and improved glucose tolerance in the oral glucose tolerance test 4 days after the final administration [1]. Tofogliflozin (400 ng/ml) induced UGE of about 2 mg/kg per min and increased EGP by 1-2 mg/kg per min, resulting in PG in the normal range [2]. Tofogliflozin suppressed plasma glucose and glycated Hb and preserved pancreatic beta-cell mass and plasma insulin levels. No improvement of glycaemic conditions or insulin level was observed with losartan treatment [3].
YM543 free base is a potent and orally active sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor. YM543 free base reduces blood glucose levels. YM543 free base can be used in research of diabetes[1][2].
SGL5213 is a potent, oral active and low-absorbable sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 29 nM and 20 nM for hSGLT1 and hSGLT2, respectively. SGL5213 has potential to treat type 2 diabetes treatment[1].
Tofogliflozin(CSG-452) is a potent and highly specific sodium/glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2) inhibitor with Ki values of 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2.IC50 value: 2.9/14.9/6.4 nM(human/rat/mouse SGLT2) [1]Target: SGLT2 inhibitorin vitro: Tofogliflozin competitively inhibited SGLT2 in cells overexpressing SGLT2, and K(i) values for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2 inhibition were 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM, respectively. The selectivity of tofogliflozin toward human SGLT2 versus human SGLT1, SGLT6, and sodium/myo-inositol transporter 1 was the highest among the tested SGLT2 inhibitors under clinical development [1]. tofogliflozin was catalyzed to the primary hydroxylated derivative (M4) by CYP2C18, CYP4A11 and CYP4F3B, then M4 was oxidized to M1. 3. Tofogliflozin had no induction potential on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 [4].in vivo: A single oral gavage of tofogliflozin increased renal glucose clearance and lowered the blood glucose level in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Tofogliflozin also improved postprandial glucose excursion in a meal tolerance test with GK rats. In db/db mice, 4-week tofogliflozin treatment reduced glycated hemoglobin and improved glucose tolerance in the oral glucose tolerance test 4 days after the final administration [1]. Tofogliflozin (400 ng/ml) induced UGE of about 2 mg·kg?1·min?1 and increased EGP by 1-2 mg·kg?1·min?1, resulting in PG in the normal range [2]. Tofogliflozin suppressed plasma glucose and glycated Hb and preserved pancreatic beta-cell mass and plasma insulin levels. No improvement of glycaemic conditions or insulin level was observed with losartan treatment [3].
Sergliflozin etabonate (GW-869682X) is a potent and orally active sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitor. Sergliflozin etabonate shows antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic effects. Sergliflozin etabonate significantly reduces non-fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. Sergliflozin etabonate has the potential for the research of diabetes[1].