Anti-infectives are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-infectives include antibiotics and antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals.

Antibiotics specifically treat infections caused by bacteria, most commonly used types of antibiotics are: Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Fluoroquinolones, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Tetracyclines. New other approaches such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and antibacterial peptides have been considered as alternatives to kill bacteria.

The high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by fungal infections are associated with the current limited antifungal arsenal and the high toxicity of the compounds. The most common antifungal targets include fungal RNA synthesis and cell wall and membrane components, though new antifungal targets are being investigated.

Viral infections occur when viruses enter cells in the body and begin reproducing, often causing illness. Viruses are classified as DNA viruses or RNA viruses, RNA viruses include retroviruses, such as HIV, are prone to mutate. The currently available antiviral drugs target 4 main groups of viruses: herpes, hepatitis, HIV and influenza viruses. Drug resistance in the clinical utility of antiviral drugs has raised an urgent need for developing new antiviral drugs.

Antiprotozoal drugs are medicines that treat infections caused by protozoa. Of which, malaria remains a major world health problem following the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to the majority of antimalarial drugs. At present, antimalarial discovery approaches have been studied, such as the discovery of antimalarials from natural sources, chemical modifications of existing antimalarials, the development of hybrid compounds, testing of commercially available drugs that have been approved for human use for other diseases and molecular modelling using virtual screening technology and docking.

References:
[1] Scorzoni L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2017 Jan 23;8:36.
[2] Dehghan Esmatabadi MJ, et al. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017 Feb 28;63(2):40-48.
[3] Raymund R, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Oct; 86(10):1009-1026.
[4] Aguiar AC, et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012 Nov;107(7):831-45.


Anti-infection >
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Caesalmin E

Caesalmin E is a natural cassane furanoditerpene with anti-Para3 (Parainfluenza virus type 3) virus activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 204185-91-1
  • MF: C26H36O9
  • MW: 492.56
  • Catalog: Influenza Virus
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 514.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 264.8±30.1 °C

Dehydro-alpha-lapachone

Dehydro-α-lapachone can be isolated from the methanol extract of stems of Catalpa ovata G Don. Dehydro-α-lapachone inhibits mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea with IC50 value 0.41 mg/L[1].

  • CAS Number: 15297-92-4
  • MF: C15H12O3
  • MW: 240.25
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 395.2±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 145 °C
  • Flash Point: 177.0±27.9 °C

Malacidin B

Malacidin B is a macrocyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that shows antibacterial activity in a calcium-dependent manner[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 2254483-96-8
  • MF: C57H90N12O20
  • MW: 1263.39
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Quinupristin

Quinupristin is a streptogramin antibiotic. Quinupristin blocks peptide bond synthesis to prevent the extension of polypeptide chains and promote the detachment of incomplete protein chains in the bacterial ribosomal subunits[1] [2].

  • CAS Number: 120138-50-3
  • MF: C53H67N9O10S
  • MW: 1022.22000
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.38g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

28-Demethyl-β-amyrone

28-Demethyl-β-amyrone (28-Norolean-12-en-3-one) is one of the main triterpenes from Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia[1]. 28-Demethyl-β-amyrone is an antitoxin and can effectively for the toxic effects of Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs)[2].

  • CAS Number: 73493-60-4
  • MF: C29H46O
  • MW: 410.67500
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 191-193 °C
  • Flash Point: N/A

Simpinicline

Simpinicline (OC-02), a highly selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist, shows potent antiviral activity against the SARS-CoV-2 variants in cell culture with an IC50 of 0.04 µM[1].

  • CAS Number: 753015-44-0
  • MF: C10H13N3
  • MW: 175.23
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Hetacillin potassium

Hetacillin potassium is a broad-spectrum treatment for use against a wide range of common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

  • CAS Number: 5321-32-4
  • MF: C19H22KN3O4S
  • MW: 427.56
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pristimerin

Pristimerin is a potent and reversible monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) inhibitor with an IC50 of 93 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1258-84-0
  • MF: C30H40O4
  • MW: 464.636
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 607.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 219.5°C
  • Flash Point: 195.1±25.0 °C

Parasin I trifluoroacetate salt

Parasin I is a 19-amino acid histone H2A-derived peptide isolated from the skin of the catfish, and shows antimicrobial activity.

  • CAS Number: 219552-69-9
  • MF: C82H154N34O24
  • MW: 2000.314
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Urechistachykinin II

Urechistachykinin II (Uru-TK II), an invertebrate tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) isolated from echiuroid worms, shows antimicrobial activities without a hemolytic effect[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 149097-04-1
  • MF: C44H66N14O10S
  • MW: 983.15
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.4g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pyraclostrobine

Pyraclostrobin is a strobilurin fungicide that inhibits mitochondrial complex III of fungal and mammalian cells. Pyraclostrobin induces triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells.

  • CAS Number: 175013-18-0
  • MF: C19H18ClN3O4
  • MW: 387.817
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 501.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 63.7-65.2°
  • Flash Point: 256.8±32.9 °C

Metronidazole Benzoate

Metronidazole Benzoate, derives from a metronidazole and a benzoic acid, has a role as an antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and antitrichomonal agent[1].

  • CAS Number: 13182-89-3
  • MF: C13H13N3O4
  • MW: 194.184
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 372.3±27.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 102 °C
  • Flash Point: 150.5±17.2 °C

Matairesinoside

Matairesinoside is a lignan with antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Matairesinoside also shows virus-cell fusion inhibitory activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 23202-85-9
  • MF: C26H32O11
  • MW: 520.52600
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

midecamycin

Midecamycin, an acetoxy-substituted macrolide antibiotic, is tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

  • CAS Number: 35457-80-8
  • MF: C41H67NO15
  • MW: 813.968
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 874.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 155℃ -156℃
  • Flash Point: 482.4±34.3 °C

Tiamulin

Tiamulin (Thiamutilin) is a diterpenic veterinary drug widely used in swine for the control of infectious diseases, including swine dysentery and enzootic pneumonia[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 55297-95-5
  • MF: C28H47NO4S
  • MW: 493.742
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 563.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 147-148ºC
  • Flash Point: 294.3±30.1 °C

9-Oxonerolidol

9-Oxonerolidol is a farnesane-type sesquiterpenoid with anti-pathogens activity. 9-Oxonerolidol can be isolated from Chiliadenus lopadusanus. 9-Oxonerolidol acts as a post-infectional inhibitor from plants, and inhibits Gram+ and Gram? bacteria resistant to the antibiotic[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 58865-88-6
  • MF: C15H24O2
  • MW: 236.35
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 361.8±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 154.3±20.5 °C

Nonanoic acid-d17

Nonanoic acid-d17 is the deuterium labeled Nonanoic acid. Nonanoic acid is a naturally-occurring saturated fatty acid with nine carbon atoms. Nonanoic acid significantly reduces bacterial translocation, enhances antibacterial activity, and remarkably increases the secretion of porcine β-defensins 1 (pBD-1) and pBD-2[1].

  • CAS Number: 130348-94-6
  • MF: C9HD17O2
  • MW: 175.34
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KW-8232

KW-8232, an orally active anti-osteoporotic agent, and can reduces the biosynthesis of PGE2[1].

  • CAS Number: 217813-15-5
  • MF: C37H39ClN4O5S
  • MW: 687.24700
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 805.5ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 440.9ºC

Swietemahalactone

Swietemahalactone is a natural compound isolated from Swietenia mahagoni. Swietemahalactone exhibits antibacterial activity aganist E. coli[1].

  • CAS Number: 1514669-21-6
  • MF: C27H30O10
  • MW: 514.52100
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde is an intermediate for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, especially for trimethoprim used to treat bacterial infections, including urinary tract pathogens infection[1].

  • CAS Number: 86-81-7
  • MF: C10H12O4
  • MW: 196.200
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 311.4±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 72-74 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 136.8±26.5 °C

Antibacterial agent 33

Antibacterial agent 33, an antibacterial agent, significantly lowers MIC value of antibacterial agent Ceftazidime[1].

  • CAS Number: 1426572-59-9
  • MF: C12H17N5O6S
  • MW: 359.36
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Lactoferricin B (4-14) (bovine) trifluoroacetate salt

Lactoferricin, bovine is an iron-binding glycoprotein derived from the acidic hydrolysis of bovine lactoferrin. Lactoferricin, bovine has bactericidal, antifungal, antiparasitic, antitumor, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 183476-25-7
  • MF: C70H113N25O13S
  • MW: 1544.871
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.5±0.0 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HBV-IN-14

HBV-IN-14 is a potent inhibitor of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). cccDNA serves as the template for viral RNA transcription and subsequent viral DNA generation. HBV-IN-14 is a pyridinopyrimidinones compound. HBV-IN-14 has the potential for the research of HBV infection (extracted from patent WO2021190502A1, compound 5)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2712529-19-4
  • MF: C22H21ClN2O5
  • MW: 428.87
  • Catalog: HBV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Betulinaldehyde

Betulinaldehyde(Betunal) belongs to pentacyclic triterpenoids and was reported to exhibit antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi, including S. aureus.IC50 value:Target: Betulinaldehyde(Betunal) belongs to pentacyclic triterpenoids that are based on a 30-carbon skeleton comprising four six-membered rings and one five-membered ring. Betulinaldehyde regulates multiple desirable targets which could be further explored in the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of S. aureus infections [1]. Study compounds α-amyrin [3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-3-ol (AM)], betulinic acid [3β-hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid (BA)] and betulinaldehyde [3β-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-al (BE)] belong to pentacyclic triterpenoids and were reported to exhibit antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi, including S. aureus. The MIC values of these compounds against a reference strain of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (ATCC 43300) ranged from 64 μg/ml to 512 μg/ml. However, the response mechanisms of S. aureus to these compounds are still poorly understood [2].

  • CAS Number: 13159-28-9
  • MF: C30H48O2
  • MW: 440.701
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 513.9±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 217.4±18.0 °C

Tebipenem pivoxil hydrochloride

Tebipenem pivoxil (L084) hydrochloride is an orally active antibiotic against a variety of pathogenic bacteria. Tebipenem pivoxil hydrochloride binds penicillin-binding protein (PBP), thereby inhibiting cell wall synthesis[1].

  • CAS Number: 211558-19-9
  • MF: C22H32ClN3O6S2
  • MW: 534.09
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HBV-IN-6

HBV-IN-6 is a potent HBV inhibitor with an EC50 of 44 nM (WO2021213445A1, compound 3)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2724224-47-7
  • MF: C23H21ClFN3O5S2
  • MW: 538.01
  • Catalog: HBV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pradofloxacin

Pradofloxacin, a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent[1]

  • CAS Number: 195532-12-8
  • MF: C21H21FN4O3
  • MW: 396.41500
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.504g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 664.525ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 355.692ºC

HIV-1 inhibitor-46

HIV-1 inhibitor-46 (compound 13d) is a potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with an EC50 value of 1.425 μM. HIV-1 inhibitor-46 can be used for the research of AIDS[1].

  • CAS Number: 332947-35-0
  • MF: C24H21ClN4OS
  • MW: 448.97
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine-d2 is the deuterium labeled 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine[1]. 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine can be used as an intermediate for antiinfluenza virus agents synthesis[2].

  • CAS Number: 362049-50-1
  • MF: C9H9D2FN2O5
  • MW: 246.192
  • Catalog: Influenza Virus
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MsbA inhibitor 1

MsbA inhibitor 1 is a novel small molecule lipopolysaccharide biogenesis inhibitor, inhibits MsbA, an ATP-dependent flippase that translocates LPS across the inner membrane; causes mislocalization of LPS to the cell interior, inhibits Δ5 strain with MIC of 0.2 ug/ml.

  • CAS Number: 52535-76-9
  • MF: C16H14ClNO3S
  • MW: 335.802
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A