Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
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NF-κB >
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HDAC6-IN-10

HDAC6-IN-10 is a highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor with the IC50 of 0.73 nM. HDAC6-IN-10 has 144~10941-fold selectivity over other HDAC isoforms. HDAC6-IN-10 shows anti-proliferative activities against multiple myeloma cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 2408286-73-5
  • MF: C21H20N4O4
  • MW: 392.41
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Thymidine-13C5,15N

Thymidine-13C5,15N is the 13C and 15N labeled Thymidine. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replicatio

  • CAS Number: 478511-40-9
  • MF: C10H14N2O5
  • MW: 249.17900
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MDL-811

MDL-811, an allosteric SIRT6 activator, significantly activates SIRT6 histone H3 deacetylation (H3K9Ac, H3K18Ac, and H3K56Ac). MDL-811 could be used in the study of colorectal cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2275619-98-0
  • MF: C25H25BrCl2FN3O5S2
  • MW: 681.42
  • Catalog: Sirtuin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

6-Amino-4-methoxy-1-(2-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine

6-Amino-4-methoxy-1-(2-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog. Pyrimidine nucleoside analogs have a wide range of biochemical and anticancer activities. These include DNA synthesis inhibition, RNA synthesis inhibition, antiviral effects, and immunomodulatory effects[1].

  • CAS Number: 100644-69-7
  • MF: C11H15N5O4
  • MW: 281.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Batabulin

Batabulin (T138067) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induce apoptotic cell death. Batabulin has efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors[1].

  • CAS Number: 195533-53-0
  • MF: C13H7F6NO3S
  • MW: 371.25500
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.629g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 403.3ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 197.7ºC

AG-494

AG-494 (Tyrphostin AG 494) is a potent and selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IC50=0.7 μM). AG-494 inhibits the autophosphorylation of EGFR, ErbB2, HER1-2 and PDGF-R with IC50s 1.1, 39, 45 and 6 μM, respectively. AG-494 blocks Cdk2 activation and inhibits EGF-dependent DNA synthesis[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 133550-35-3
  • MF: C16H12N2O3
  • MW: 280.278
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 586.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 249 °C(dec.)
  • Flash Point: 308.8±30.1 °C

8-Aza-7-bromo-7-deazaguanosine

8-Aza-7-bromo-7-deazaguanosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 96555-37-2
  • MF: C10H12BrN5O5
  • MW: 362.14
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-2'-dG

5'-O-TBDMS-dG is a modified nucleoside. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-TBDMS-rI can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid.

  • CAS Number: 666847-77-4
  • MF: C16H16F3N5O5
  • MW: 415.324
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GDC-0425

GDC-0425 (RG-7602) is an orally available, highly selective small molecule ChK1 inhibitor. GDC-0425 can be used for the research of various malignancies[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1200129-48-1
  • MF: C18H19N5O
  • MW: 321.38
  • Catalog: Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 589.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 310.2±30.1 °C

Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-1

Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-1 (example 42) is a potent Werner syndrome RecQ DNA helicase enzyme (WRN) inhibitor and can be used in cancer research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2869954-34-5
  • MF: C31H31ClF3N9O5
  • MW: 702.08
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BDP5290

BDP5290 is a potent inhibitor of both ROCK and MRCK with IC50s of 5 nM, 50 nM, 10 nM and 100 nM for ROCK1, ROCK2, MRCKα and MRCKβ, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1817698-21-7
  • MF: C17H18ClN7O
  • MW: 371.82
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GSK2606414

GSK2606414 is a cell-permeable and orally available PERK inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.4 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1337531-36-8
  • MF: C24H20F3N5O
  • MW: 451.444
  • Catalog: PERK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 720.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 389.4±32.9 °C

N,N’-(3-Fluoro-4-Methyl-8-Oxo-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydronaphthalene-1,7-Diyl)Diacetamide

Exatecan Intermediate 5 is the intermediate of Exatecan (HY-13631) And Exatecan (DX-8951) is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.2 μM (0.975 μg/mL) that can be used in cancer research. Exatecan Intermediate 5 can be used to synthesize Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs).

  • CAS Number: 143655-70-3
  • MF: C15H17FN2O3
  • MW: 292.31
  • Catalog: Topoisomerase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5'-DMT-N4-Bz-5-Me-dC

5'-O-DMT-N4-Bz-5-Me-dC is a modified nucleoside. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-TBDMS-rI can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid.

  • CAS Number: 104579-03-5
  • MF: C38H37N3O7
  • MW: 647.71600
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 1.26±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Uridine-5-oxyacetic acid methyl ester

Uridine 5-oxyacetic acid methyl ester is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 66536-81-0
  • MF: C12H16N2O9
  • MW: 332.26
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

7-Deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate

7-Deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine 5′-triphosphate (7-Deaza-2'-dGTP), a nucleotide analogue, is a telomerase inhibitor (IC50: 11 μM)[1].

  • CAS Number: 101515-08-6
  • MF: C11H16LiN4O13P3
  • MW: 512.12600
  • Catalog: Telomerase
  • Density: 2.48 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 907.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 502.4ºC

PPARγ-IN-2

PPARγ-IN-2 (Compound 5a) is a PPARγ inhibitor. PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits TG accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (EC50: 0.106 μM). PPARγ-IN-2 inhibits high-cholesterol diet (HFC)-induced obesity and related metabolic syndrome, and reduces lipid accumulation in adipose tissue[1].

  • CAS Number: 2682078-97-1
  • MF: C19H21N5O
  • MW: 335.40
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Gedunin

Gedunin is a limonoid with anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. Gedunin acts as a potent Hsp90 inhibitor and induces the degradation of Hsp90-dependent client proteins. Geduni may obstructs the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus into human host cells and can be used for COVID-19 research[3].

  • CAS Number: 2753-30-2
  • MF: C28H34O7
  • MW: 482.56500
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: 1.28g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 594.3ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 313.2ºC

Palifosfamide

Palifosfamide is a novel DNA alkylator and the active metabolite of ifosfamide, with antitumor activity.

  • CAS Number: 31645-39-3
  • MF: C4H11Cl2N2O2P
  • MW: 221.022
  • Catalog: DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 341.5±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 106-107ºC
  • Flash Point: 160.4±30.7 °C

erythromycin aspartate

Erythromycin aspartate is a macrolide antibiotic produced by actinomycete Streptomyces erythreus with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Erythromycin aspartate binds to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis by blockage of transpeptidation and/or translocation reactions, without affecting synthesis of nucleic acid[1][2]. Erythromycin aspartate also exhibits antitumor and neuroprotective effect in different fields of research[3][4].

  • CAS Number: 30010-41-4
  • MF: C41H74N2O17
  • MW: 867.02900
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 818.4ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 448.8ºC

SK-575

SK-575 is a highly potent and specific proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of PARP1. SK-575 potently inhibits the growth of cancer cells bearing BRCA1/2 mutations. SK-575 inhibits cell growth in MDA-MB-436 and Capan-1 cells, with IC50 values of 19 ± 6 nM and 56 ± 12 nM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2523016-96-6
  • MF: C47H53FN8O8
  • MW: 876.97
  • Catalog: PARP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Difluoromethyluridine

5-Difluoromethyluridine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 110483-84-6
  • MF: C10H12F2N2O6
  • MW: 294.21
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GSK143 dihydrochloride

GSK143 dihydrochloride is an orally active and highly selective spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitor with a pIC50 of 7.5. GSK143 dihydrochloride inhibits phosphorylated Erk (pErk: pIC50=7.1)[1]. GSK143 dihydrochloride reduces inflammation and prevents recruitment of immune cells in the intestinal muscularis in mice[2][3].

  • CAS Number: 2341796-81-2
  • MF: C17H24Cl2N6O2
  • MW: 415.32
  • Catalog: PERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GW0742

GW0742 is a high affinity PPAR β/δ agonist with an IC50 of 1 nM for human PPARδ, and EC50s of 1 nM, 1.1 μM and 2 μM for human PPARδ, PPARα, and PPARγ, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 317318-84-6
  • MF: C21H17F4NO3S2
  • MW: 471.488
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 591.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 134.5-135.5 °C
  • Flash Point: 311.5±32.9 °C

Avotaciclib trihydrochloride

Avotaciclib (BEY1107) trihydrochloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). Avotaciclib trihydrochloride can be used for the research of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 1983984-01-5
  • MF: C13H14Cl3N7O
  • MW: 390.66
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Danofloxacin-d3

Danofloxacin-d3 is deuterium labeled Danofloxacin. Danofloxacin is a third generation fluoroquinolone and orally active antimicrobial agent. Danofloxacin shows a broad spectrum of activity against most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma and chlamydia species, and plays an antimicrobial role by inhibition of bacterial DNA-gyrase[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1825377-28-3
  • MF: C19H17D3FN3O3
  • MW: 360.40
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Senexin C

Senexin C is a novel potent, selective and orally bioavailable CDK8/19 inhibitor with Kd of 1.4 and 2.9 nM for CDK8/CycC and CDK19/CycC, respectively.Senexin C inhibits CDK8/CycC with IC50 of 3.6 nM, shows high selectivity against other HDAC isoforms.Senexin C is more metabolically stable and provides a more sustained inhibition of CDK8/19-dependent cellular gene expression when compared with the prototype inhibitor Senexin B.Senexin C inhibits MV4-11 leukemia growth in a systemic in vivo model with good tolerability.

  • CAS Number: 2375554-02-0
  • MF: C28H27N5O
  • MW: 449.558
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Adenosine-d1-1

Adenosine-d1-1 is the deuterium labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular phys

  • CAS Number: 119540-53-3
  • MF: C10H12DN5O4
  • MW: 268.25
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-5-methylcytidine

N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-5-methylcytidine is a cytidine analog. Cytidine analogs have a mechanism of inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (such as Zebularine, HY-13420), and have potential anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 160107-17-5
  • MF: C38H37N3O8
  • MW: 663.7
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MMAD

MMAD is a potent tubulin inhibitor, is a toxin payload in antibody drug conjugates (ADCs).

  • CAS Number: 203849-91-6
  • MF: C41H66N6O6S
  • MW: 771.064
  • Catalog: ADC Cytotoxin
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 906.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 501.8±34.3 °C