tcY-NH2 is a selective rat PAR4 antagonist peptide. tcY-NH2 inhibits thrombin- and AY-NH2-induced rat platelet aggregation[1][2].
NAAD sodium salt (Deamido nad sodium salt), a functional NAD+ precursor, is the substrate of glutamine-dependent NAD+ synthetase. NAAD sodium salt is used to study the structure of nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferases[1][2].
APICA is a potent CB1 and CB2 receptors agonist with EC50 values of 118 nM and 37 nM against CB1 and CB2 receptors, respectively. APICA possess cannabimimetic activity in vivo[1].
PHM-27 (human) is a human prepro-vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (27 amino acid). PHM-27 (human) is a potent the human calcitonin receptor agonist with an EC50 of 11 nM. PHM-27 (human) efficiently enhances glucose-induced insulin secretion from beta cells by an autocrine mechanism[1][2][3].
DPP IV/hCA II-IN-1 is a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.049 μM for DPP IV and with Ki values of 0.0361, 0.0428, 0.0941, 0.1328, 0.2615, and 3.034 μM for CA II, CA VB, CA VA, CA IX, CA I, and CA IV, respectively[1].
1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is an endogenous metabolite.
NPS-2143 is a selective antagonist of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) with an IC50 of 43 nM.
Beta-Sitosterol weakly inhibits porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) activity. Sitosterol is an important compound extracted from the leaves of Aloe vera.
ETC-1002 is an activator of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
D-Glucose-d7 is the deuterium labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic and abiotic stress response[1].
AS1708727 is an orally active Foxo1 inhibitor, with EC50 values of 0.33 μM and 0.59 μM for G6Pase and PEPCK, respectively[1].
23-epi-26-Deoxyactein is a natural and orally active anti-obesity and anti-cancer compound[1][2][3].
Adipokinetic Hormone (AKH) (24-32), locust is a peptide hormone isolated from locusts.
4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, a metabolite of Raloxifene, is a benzothiophene glucuronidated at the 4' postion. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside is a selective and orally active estrogen receptor antagonist. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside can be used for inhibiting bone loss and resorption, and lowering lipid levels. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, example 5, is extracted from patent US5567820A[1].
Prosaikogenin F is a monoglycoside with anticancer and hemolytic properties[1][2].
Neoisoastilbin possesses antioxidant, anti-hyperuricemic and anti-Inflammatory activities[1].
Alloepipregnanolone, a pregnane with anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties, interferes with the development of rapid tolerance to the anxiolytic effect of ethanol.
Validamine competitively inhibits β-glucosidase in a pH-dependent and dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 2.92mM, and the maximum inhibitory ability is at the optimum pH value of this enzyme[1].
Phosphocreatine, primarily found in the skeletal muscles of vertebrates and one of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives, is a substrate for the determination of creatine kinase and used to regenerate ATP during skeletal muscle contraction[1]..
SB-568849 is a melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH R1) antagonist with a pKi of 7.7.
Sp-5,6-DCl-cBIMPS is a potent and specific cAMP-dependent protein kinases (cAMP-PK) activator. Sp-5,6-DCl-cBIMPS stimulates insulin release. Sp-5,6-DCl-cBIMPS inhibits U46619-induced activation of Rho, Gq and G12/G13 in platelets[1][2][3].
DPP-4/GPR119 modulator 1 (Compound 22) is an orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor and GPR119 agonist. DPP-4/GPR119 modulator 1 shows blood glucose-lowering effect and moderate inhibition on hERG channel with an IC50 of 4.9 µM. DPP-4/GPR119 modulator 1 can be used for diabetes research[1][1].
Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is a pyrimidine nucleotide. Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is synthesized via the de novo synthesis pathway for DNA synthesis in a large number of microorganisms including M. tuberculosis, S. cerevisiae, S. typhimurium and P. falciparum to name a few. The synthesis of orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium uses phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) and orotic acid (OA) as the substrates catalyzed by orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT)[1].
Desmethylicaritin is a phytoestrogenic molecule, has inducible effect on directional differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Desmethylicaritin also suppresses adipogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway[1][2].
AMG131 (INT131), a potent and highly selective PPARγ partial agonist, binds to PPARγ and displaces Rosiglitazone with a Ki of ~10 nM. AMG131 can be used for research of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)[1][2].
GW-6604 is an ALK5 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 140 nM for inhibiting its autophosphorylation, and can be used in the study of liver fibrosis[1].
1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose is a potent UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1 (UGT1A1) inhibitor, with a Ki of 1.68 μM[1].
FKKSFKL-NH2 is a protein kinase C-selective peptide. FKKSFKL-NH2 can be used for the research of various biochemical[1].
Epiberberine is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, acts as a potent AChE and BChE inhibitor, and a non-competitive BACE1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.07, 6.03 and 8.55 μM, respectively. Epiberberine has antioxidant activity, with peroxynitrite ONOO- scavenging effect (IC50, 16.83 μM), and may protect against Alzheimer disease[1]. Epiberberine inhibits the early stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, downregulates the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways[2]. Epiberberine has the potential effect in the research of diabetic disease[3].