The cytoskeleton is a filamentous network of F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs) composed of one of three chemically distinct subunits, actin, tubulin, or one of several classes of IF protein. Cytoskeleton not only helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization, but also provides mechanical support that enables cells to carry out essential functions like division and movement.

The cytoskeleton is involved in intracellular signal transduction at least two ways. First, individual proteins of the cytoskeleton might participate directly in signal transduction by linking two or more signaling proteins. Second, the cytoskeleton might provide a macromolecular scaffold, which spatially organizes components of a signal transduction cascade. Cell migration is a complex and multistep process involved in homeostasis maintenance, morphogenesis, and disease development, such as cancer metastasis, and requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics and reorganization, cell adhesion, and signal transduction, and takes a variety of forms. Many signaling pathways including Rho-family GTPases, Paxillin/FAK signaling and PI3K signaling is involved in the process by regulating cytoskeletal activity.

Since the cytoskeleton is involved in virtually all cellular processes, abnormalities in this essential cellular component frequently result in disease. Drugs that modulate microtubule stability, inhibitors of posttranslational modifications of cytoskeletal components, specifically compounds affecting the levels of tubulin acetylation, and compounds targeting signaling molecules which regulate cytoskeleton dynamics, constitute the mostly addressed therapeutic interventions for the diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

References:
[1] Janmey PA. Physiol Rev. 1998 Jul;78(3):763-81.
[2] Forgacs G, et al. J Cell Sci. 2004 Jun 1;117(Pt 13):2769-75.
[3] Eira J, et al. . Prog Neurobiol. 2016 Jun;141:61-82.


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ZMF-10

ZMF-10 is a highly potent PAK1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 174 nM, 1.038 μM and 1.372 μM for PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3, respectively. ZMF-10 can inhibit PAK1 activity to affect PAK1-regulated apoptosis, ER-Stress and migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. ZMF-10 can be used for researching anticancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2415295-37-1
  • MF: C19H17F6N7O
  • MW: 473.37
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

α2β1 Integrin Recognition Sequence

α2β1 Integrin Ligand Peptide interacts with the α2β1 integrin receptor on the cell membrane and mediates extracellular signals into cells. It is a potential antagonist of collagen receptors[1].

  • CAS Number: 134580-64-6
  • MF: C14H22N4O9
  • MW: 390.34600
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vinflunine

Vinflunine is a new vinca alkaloid uniquely fluorinated with the properties of mitotic-arresting and tubulin-interacting activity.Target: Microtubule/TubulinThe major effects of Vinflunine on dynamic instability are a slowing of the microtubule growth rate, an increase in growth duration, and a reduction in shortening duration. The effects of Vinflunine on the readmilling rate is examined by following [3H]GTP incorporation into MAP-rich microtubules, and the IC50 is 0.42 μM [1]. Vinflunine induced mitotic accumulation with IC50 with 18.8 nM, which decreases the centromere dynamicity by 44% and increases the time centromeres spent ina paused state by 63% [2]. Treatment of Vinflunine induces a rapid change in endothelial cell shape: cells retracts and assumes a rounded morphology. Mean IC50 values are 9.9 × 10-5 M × 10-5 M for fibronectin and 5.0× 10-5 M × 10-5 M for type IV collagen. A short 4 hours exposure of endothelial cells to Vinflunine at 10-8 0.05). An ID50 value (dose which inhibits 50% of bFGF-induced neovascularisation) is calculated as 1 mg/kg. Low doses of Vinflunine reduce the number of experimental liver metastases by human LS174T colon cancer cell. A slight overall decrease in liver metastatic foci is already observed at the very low dose of 0.16 mg/kg Vinflunine, although maximal overall inhibition is reached at the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of 20 mg/kg [3].

  • CAS Number: 162652-95-1
  • MF: C45H54F2N4O8
  • MW: 816.92900
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.39 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vorsetuzumab mafodotin

Vorsetuzumab mafodotin (SGN-75) is an Auristatin-based anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Vorsetuzumab mafodotin consists of a humanized monoclonal antibody, Vorsetuzumab and an ADC cytotoxin MMAF. Vorsetuzumab mafodotin has antineoplastic activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1165741-01-4
  • MF:
  • MW: 150 (kDa)
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vat-Cit-PAB-Monomethyl Dolastatin 10

Vat-Cit-PAB-Monomethyl Dolastatin 10 is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC with potent antitumor activity by using Monomethyl Dolastatin 10 (a potent tubulin inhibitor), linked via the ADC linker Vat-Cit-PAB.

  • CAS Number: 1415329-13-3
  • MF: C60H93N11O11S
  • MW: 1176.512
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1237.2±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 702.0±34.3 °C

IPA-3

IPA-3 is a selective non-ATP competitive PAK1 inhibitor with IC50 of 2.5 μM, and shows no inhibition to group II PAKs (PAKs 4-6).

  • CAS Number: 42521-82-4
  • MF: C20H14O2S2
  • MW: 350.454
  • Catalog: PAK
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 543.7±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 172℃
  • Flash Point: 263.4±24.7 °C

αvβ1 integrin-IN-2

αvβ1 integrin-IN-2 (compound 32) is a potent inhibitor of integrins ανβ1 and α5β1 with IC50s of 0.9 nM,and 33 nM,respectively. αvβ1 integrin-IN-2 also inhibits other integrins with ,,IC50s of 380 nM (ανβ3),280 nM (ανβ5),230 nM (ανβ6),87 nM (ανβ8),respectively,in SPRA assay[1].

  • CAS Number: 2234874-68-9
  • MF: C29H38N4O4
  • MW: 506.64
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FITC-εAhx-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-OH trifluoroacetate salt

FITC-Ahx Gly Arg Gly Asp Ser Pro is a GRGDSP (HY-P0290) coupled to FITC. GRGDSP is an integrin inhibitor that can inhibit the adherence of tumor cells to endothelial cells of blood vessels and limit its metastasis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2022956-44-9
  • MF: C49H59N11O16S
  • MW: 1090.12
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MLCK inhibitor peptide 18

MLCK inhibitor peptide 18 is a myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor with an IC50 of 50 nM, and inhibits CaM kinase II only at 4000-fold higher concentrations.

  • CAS Number: 224579-74-2
  • MF: C60H105N23O11
  • MW: 1324.62000
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Nocodazole

Nocodazole is a rapidly-reversible inhibitor of microtubule. Nocodazole binds to β-tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which prevents mitosis and induces apoptosis in tumor cells.

  • CAS Number: 31430-18-9
  • MF: C14H11N3O3S
  • MW: 301.320
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 300 °C (dec.)
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dynamin IN-1

Dynamin IN-1 is a potent dynamin inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.0 µM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1345853-50-0
  • MF: C23H24N2O
  • MW: 344.45
  • Catalog: Dynamin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PAK4-IN-2

PAK4-IN-2 is a highly potent PAK4 inhibitor with IC50 value of 2.7 nM. PAK4-IN-2 can arrest MV4-11 cells at G0/G1 phase and induce cell apoptosis. PAK4-IN-2 can be used for researching cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2488706-33-6
  • MF: C18H21ClN6
  • MW: 356.85
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Larazotide

Larazotideis a peptide which is an orally active zonulin antagonist. Larazotide shows antiviral activity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) with EC50s of 44.14 and 59.06 μM for strain OKA and 07-1, respectively. Larazotide can be used for the research of celiac disease and infection[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 258818-34-7
  • MF: C32H55N9O10
  • MW: 725.83300
  • Catalog: Gap Junction Protein
  • Density: 1.254
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MPT0B014

MPT0B014 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor. MPT0B014 induces cancer cell apoptosis. MPT0B014 can be used for the research of cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 1215208-59-5
  • MF: C19H17NO4
  • MW: 323.343
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 513.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 264.4±30.1 °C

Mesalamine impurity P

Mesalamine impurity P is an impurity of Mesalamine (HY-15027). 5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB[1].

  • CAS Number: 887256-40-8
  • MF: C13H11NO6S
  • MW: 309.294
  • Catalog: PAK
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Zalunfiban acetate

Zalunfiban (RUC-4) acetate is a potent, selective platelet αIIbβ3antagonist (IC50=45 nM). Zalunfiban acetate can be used for the research of myocardial infarction (MI)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2376629-15-9
  • MF: C18H22N8O4S
  • MW: 446.48
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GMI-1271

A novel specific glycomimetic E-Selectin antagonist with Kd of 0.46 uM, IC50 of 1.75 uM; weakly inhibits L-selectin (IC50=2.9 uM) and >10 uM for P-selectin; not only mobilizes AML cells out of protective niches but also blocks NF-kB activation and prevents this E-selectin-mediated chemoresistance, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effects of standard chemotherapy; also overcomes MM metastasis and chemoresistance. Blood Cancer Phase 2 Clinical

  • CAS Number: 1914993-95-5
  • MF: C60H108N3NaO27
  • MW: 1326.493
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SB743921

SB-743921 is a potent inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin KSP (Eg5), with a Ki of 0.1 nM.

  • CAS Number: 940929-33-9
  • MF: C31H34Cl2N2O3
  • MW: 553.519
  • Catalog: Kinesin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

(+)-Blebbistatin

(+)-Blebbistatin is the inactive enantiomer of (–)-Blebbistatin. (–)-Blebbistatin is a selective inhibitor of myosin II ATPase[1].

  • CAS Number: 1177356-70-5
  • MF: C18H16N2O2
  • MW: 292.332
  • Catalog: Myosin
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 507.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 260.6±32.9 °C

Tubulin polymerization-IN-20

Tubulin polymerization-IN-20 (compound 11) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. Tubulin polymerization-IN-20 has the potential for the research of breast cancers and chemoresistant colon cancers[1].

  • CAS Number: 2410619-45-1
  • MF: C25H24FNO5
  • MW: 437.46
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

7-Epi-docetaxel

7-Epi-10-oxo-docetaxel (Docetaxel Impurity C; 7-Epitaxotere) is a impurity of docetaxel.

  • CAS Number: 153381-68-1
  • MF: C43H53NO14
  • MW: 807.87900
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PLN-1474

PLN-1474 (compound 1) is an orally active and selective avß1 integrin inhibitor with an IC50 value of <50 nM. PLN-1474 reduces levels of pSMAD3/SMAD3 in liver, hepatic collagen gene expression and hepatic OHP concentration in liver fibrosis mouse model. PLN-1474 can be used for the research of preventing, delaying or treating a fibrotic or cirrhotic disease or disorder[1].

  • CAS Number: 2408065-32-5
  • MF: C24H37N3O4
  • MW: 431.58
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: 1.23±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: 716.5±60.0 °C(Predicted)
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Abrilumab

Abrilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against α4β7. Abrilumab selectively binds the α4β7 integrin heterodimer. Abrilumab can be used for the research of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

NMS-P715

NMS-P715 is a selective, ATP-competitive inhibitor of MPS1, with an IC50 of 182 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1202055-32-0
  • MF: C35H39F3N8O3
  • MW: 676.73100
  • Catalog: Mps1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vindesine sulfate

Vindesine sulfate is a potent tubulin inhibitor with an Ki of 0.110 µM. Vindesine sulfate shows anti-proliferation effect in vitro. Vindesine sulfate shows antitumor effect in vivo[1].

  • CAS Number: 59917-39-4
  • MF: C43H57N5O11S
  • MW: 852.00
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.41 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: >250ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

MKC-1

MKC-1 (Ro-31-7453) is an orally active and potent cell cycle inhibitor with broad antitumor activity. MKC-1 inhibits the Akt/mTOR pathway. MKC-1 arrests cellular mitosis and induces cell apoptosis by binding to a number of different cellular proteins including tubulin and members of the importin β family[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 125313-92-0
  • MF: C22H16N4O4
  • MW: 400.38700
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Combretastatin A4

Combretastatin A4 is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with Kd of 0.4 μM.

  • CAS Number: 117048-59-6
  • MF: C18H20O5
  • MW: 316.348
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 490.3±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 84.5-85.5ºC
  • Flash Point: 250.3±28.7 °C

Fmoc-Lys(Boc)-OH-13C6,15N2

Fmoc-L-Lys (Boc)-OH-13C6,15N2 is a 15N-labeled and 13C-labled Triclabendazole.

  • CAS Number: 850080-89-6
  • MF: C2013C6H3215N2O6
  • MW: 476.48
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Monastrol

(S)-Monastrol ((+)-Monastrol) is an allosteric inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin Eg5 that exhibits an antiproliferative effect against several cancer cell lines. (S)-Monastrol arrests mammalian cells in mitosis with monopolar spindles[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 254753-54-3
  • MF: C14H16N2O3S
  • MW: 292.35
  • Catalog: Kinesin
  • Density: 1.34g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 441.3ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 185-185.9ºC(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 220.7ºC

LP-261

LP-261 is a potent and orally active anti-mitotic agent and shows an inhibition of in vitro tubulin polymerization with an EC50 of 3.2 μM[1]. LP-261 inhibits growth of a human non-small-cell lung tumor (NCI-H522) in vivo and can be used for cancer research[1].

  • CAS Number: 915412-67-8
  • MF: C22H19N3O4S
  • MW: 421.46900
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A