Etrasimod (APD334) is a potent, selective and orally available antagonist of the sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 (S1P1) receptor with an IC50 value of 1.88 nM in CHO cells.
Prasugrel-d4 is the deuterium labeled Prasugrel[1]. Prasugrel (PCR 4099), a thienopyridine and prodrug, inhibits platelet function. Prasugrel is an orally active and potent P2Y12 receptor antagonist, and inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation[2].
GLPG1205 is potent, selective and orally active GPR84 (a G-protein-coupled receptor) antagonist with a favorable PK/PD profile. GLPG1205 has anti-inflammatory activity and is used for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis[1][2].
DALDA is a potent and highly selective μ-opioid receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.69 nM. DALDA shows antinociceptive and respiratory effects[1].
Nelotanserin is a potent 5-HT2A inverse agonist, a moderately potent 5-HT2C partial inverse agonist and a weak 5-HT2B inverse agonist, with IC50s of 1.7, 79, 791 nM in IP accumulation assays, respectively.
VU 6008667 is a selective negative allosteric modulator of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype 5 (M5 NAM) with IC50s of 1.2 μM and 1.6 μM for human M5 and rat M5, respectively. VU 6008667 has high CNS penetration[1].
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, competing with the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors with IC50 of 20 nM.
Matrine(Sophocarpidine; α-Matrine) is an alkaloid found in plants from the Sophora genus. It has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer effects, and action as a kappa opioid receptor and u-receptor agonist.IC50 Value: 540 μg/ml (inhibit gastric cancer cell line MNK45, MTT) [1]Target: u-receptor/kappa opioid in vitro: MTT assay showed that the matrine was able to inhibit gastric cancer cell line MNK45 in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50) was found to be 540 μg/ml. This anti-tumor function was achieved through modulation of the NF-κB, XIAP, CIAP, and p-ERK proteins expression in cell line MNK45. Matrine induces apoptosis of human NSCLC cells with anti-apoptotic factors inhibited and dependent on caspase activity. In addition, we found that matrine increases the phosphorylation of p38 but not its total protein, and inhibition of the p38 pathway with SB202190 partially prevents matrine-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, matrine generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which is reversed by pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) [2].in vivo: Oral administration of matrine (200, 100 and 50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated isoproterenol-induced cardiac necrosis and left ventricular dysfunction [3]. high dose of matrine significantly reduced the mortality rate of mice with LPS administration. Treatment with matrine improved LPS-induced lung histopathologic changes, alleviated pulmonary edema and lung vascular leak, inhibited MPO and MDA activity,and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB1 [4].Toxicity: N/AClinical trial: N/A
AVex-73 hydrochloride is a Sigma-1 Receptor agonist with an IC50 of 860 nM.
KRAS G12C inhibitor 16 is a potent KRAS G12C inhibitor extracted from patent WO2019110751A1, compound 39, has an IC50 of 97 nM[1].
LY2444296 is an orally bioavailable, high-affinity and selective short-acting kappa opioid receptor (KOPR) antagonist, with a Ki value of ∼1 nM. LY2444296 exhibits anti-anxiety like effects[1][2].
NAS181 is a potent and selective antagonist of rat 5-HT1B receptor, with a Ki of 47 nM. NAS181 shows 13-fold selectivity for r5-HT1B over bovine 5-HT1B receptor (Ki=630 nM). NAS181 increases the 5-HT turnover and the synaptic concentration of 5-HT by inhibiting terminal r5-HT1B autoreceptors[1][2].
Beperidium iodide shows a competitive antagonistic effect against acetylcholine receptor with a pA2 of 7.93.
SKF 83822 is an atypical agonist of dopamine D1 receptor. SKF 83822 activates adenylyl cyclase, but not PLC. SKF 83822 is also proved to stimulate AC via cAMP production. SKF 83822 can be used for research of schizophrenia[1][2].
Oxyphencyclimine is an orally active muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist. Oxyphencyclimine is effective in reducing ulceration index and increasing pepsin activity in rat gastric ulcer model. Oxyphencyclimine can be used in studies of peptic ulcer disease and gastrointestinal spasm[1][2].
Adrenaline sulfate is a orally active hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands. Adrenaline sulfate is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic receptor agonist. Adrenaline sulfate can be used in the treatment of anaphylaxis. Adrenaline sulfate has the potential for the research of cardiac arrest[1][2][3][4].
Prostaglandin B1 (PGB1) is a metabolite of Prostaglandin E1 (HY-B0131). Prostaglandin E1 is a prostanoid receptor ligand[1][2].
JTC-017, a specific corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 antagonist, attenuates hippocampal noradrenaline release, visceral perception, adrenocorticotropic hormone release, and anxiety after acute colorectal distention in rats. JTC-017 blocks stress-induced changes in colonic motility after chronic colorectal distention in rats[1].
Thioridazine, an antagonist of the dopamine receptor D2 family proteins, exhibits potent anti-psychotic and anti-anxiety activities. Thioridazine is also a potent inhibitor of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathways with anti-angiogenic effect. Thioridazine shows antiproliferative and apoptosis induction effects in various types of cancer cells, with specificity on targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs)[1][2][3][4].
AM-6538 (AM6538) is a potent, selective cannabinoid receptor CB1 antagonist with Ki of 5.1 nM.
Isothipendyl (AY 56012), an azaphenothiazine derivative, is a potent histamine 1 (H1) receptor antagonist. Isothipendyl is a primary metabolite[1].
(4E)-SUN9221 is a potent antagonist of α1-adrenergic receptor and 5-HT2 receptor, with antihypertensive and anti-platelet aggregation activities.
PZ-1190 is a multitarget ligand for serotonin and dopamine receptors with potential antipsychotic activity in rodents[1].
Ziprasidone D8 is deuterium labeled Ziprasidone, which is a combined 5-HT (serotonin) and dopamine receptor antagonist which exhibits potent effects of antipsychotic activity.
Vilanterol is a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonist with 24 h activity. The pEC50s for β2-AR,β1-AR and β3-AR is 10.37±0.05, 6.98±0.03 and 7.36±0.03, respectively.
Naftopidil (Flivas), a selective α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist or alpha blocker, is an antihypertensive drug.Target: α1-Adrenergic ReceptorNaftopidil significantly improved the overall international prostatic symptom score ; from 19.2±7.9 to 11.7±5.8 in the M group and from 19.4±6.4 to 12.3±6.8 in the E group (p<0.0001), QOL score from 4.9±0.8 to 3.2±1.4 in the M group and from 5.0±0.8 to 3.6±1.3 in the E group (p<0.0001), and OAB symptom score from 7.8±2.6 to 5.0±2.5 in the M group (p<0.0001) and from 8.6±2.9 to 5.8± 3.3 in the E group (p<0.0001). naftopidil improves storage symptoms as well as voiding symptoms regardless of timing of administration [1]. The selectivity of naftopidil for prostatic pressure was the most potent among the test compounds. In addition, using cloned human alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes, naftopidil was selective for the alpha1d-adrenoceptor with approximately 3- and 17-fold higher affinity than for the alpha1a- and alpha1b-adrenoceptor subtypes, respectively. The selectivity of naftopidil for prostatic pressure may be attributable to its high binding affinity for alpha1a- and alpha1d-adrenoceptor subtypes [2].
PQCA is a highly selective and potent muscarinic M1 receptor positive allosteric modulator. PQCA has an EC50 value of 49 nM and 135 nM on rhesus and human M1 receptor, respectively, and is inactive for other muscarinic receptors. PQCA improves cognitive performance and cerebral blood flow in rat, cynomolgus macaque, and rhesus macaque. PQCA has potential to reduce the cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease[1][2].
γ-Linolenic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl γ-linolenate) is a leukotriene B4 receptor 4 (LTB4) antagonist[1].
Peptide 401, a potent mast cell degranulating factor from bee venom, suppresses the increased vascular permeability due to intradermal injection of various smooth muscle spasmogens (histamine, and 5-HT).
(-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine (D-phenylisopropyladenosine) is a adenosine receptor agonist. (-)-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine inhibits K+-evoked Ca2+ uptake with an IC50 value of 0.5 µM[1].