α-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), that is, α-galactosidase, is a glycoside hydrolase that widely exists in animals, plants and microorganisms, and is often used in biochemical research. α-Galactosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-linked terminal galactose residues, including galactooligosaccharides, galactomannans, and galactolipids. Catalyzes many catabolic processes including cleavage of glycoproteins, glycolipids and polysaccharides[1].
LY518674 is a potent, selective PPARα antagonist, with an EC50 of 42 nM for human PPARα. LY518674 reduces triglycerides in and increased HDL-C and is used for the treatment of atherosclerosis[1][2][3].
Hyzetimibe is a cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Hyzetimibe blocks the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and phytol. Hyzetimibe is well tolerated in animal models, with an LDmax 2000 mg/kg in rats and an LDmax 500 mg/kg in rhesus monkeys[1].
Sirtuin modulator 2 (Compound 132) is a sirtuin modulator with an ED50 equal or less than 50 μM[1].
L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid) magnesium hydrate is a long-acting vitamin C derivative that can stimulate collagen formation and expression. L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium hydrate can be used as a culture medium supplement for the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs). L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium hydrate increases alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of runx2A in hASCs during the osteogenic differentiation[1][2][3].
Isotachysterol 3 is an analog of 1,25-dihydrox Vitamin D3. Isotachysterol 3 stimulates intestinal calcium transport and bone calcium mobilization in anephric rats[1].
Etozolin (W-2900A) is a diuretic agent. Etozolin inhibits fluid and electrolyte reabsorption in the loop of Henle. Etozolin can be used in research of congestive heart failure, hypertension and edema[1].
Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.
Geraniin is a TNF-α releasing inhibitor with numerous activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperglycemic activities, with an IC50 of 43 μM.
Tetrapeptide-1 is a bioactive peptide with antioxidant effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient[1].
Tacalcitol (1,24(R)-Dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1.alpha.,24R-Dihydroxyvitamin D3) promotes normal bone development by regulating calcium.IC50 value:Target: Tacalcitol modulates immunological and inflammatory processes. Tacalcitol induces nerve growth factor production in epidermal keratinocytes.
Coreopsin is a natural product that can be isolated from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. flower. Coreopsin can be used for hypertension and diabetes research[1].
N4-Acetylcytidine is an endogenous metabolite.
alpha-D-glucose-d7 is the deuterium labeled alpha-D-glucose[1]. alpha-D-glucose is an endogenous metabolite.
SaRI 59-801 is an orally effective hypoglycemic compound. SaRI 59-801 decreases blood glucose in several species and to elevate plasma insulin in rats and mice[1].
hPL-IN-1 (compound 2t) is a reversible inhibitor of pancreatic lipase (PL) (IC50=1.86 μM) for anti-obesity research[1].
3-Methyladipic acid is the final metabolite in the ω-oxidation pathway.
18:0,22:6 PS sodium is a lipid component of synaptic vesicles and cholesterol, which can be used for metabolic research[1].
(24R)-MC 976 is a Vitamin D3 derivative.
GPR40 agonist 5 (compound I-14) is an orally active and potent GPR40 (G protein coupled receptor 40) agonist, with an EC50 of 47 nM. GPR40 agonist 5 decreases the levels of blood glucose and improves the glucose tolerance. GPR40 agonist 5 has sufficient effectiveness for the control of hyperglycemia state in type 2 diabetic mice[1].
Terbufibrol has been shown highly active in reducing serum total cholesterol (TC) levels in the normal and hypercholesterolemic male rat.
GSK-3β inhibitor 1 (compound 3a) is a glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor and demonstrates high antidiabetic efficacy, with an IC50 of 4.9 nM[1].
des-Gln14-Ghrelin is a second endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. a). des-Gln14-ghrelin potently induces increases in [Ca2+]i in CHO-GHSR62 cells, with an EC50 of 2.4 nM[1].
Dextromilnacipran (F2696; (1R,2S)-milnacipran), an enantiomer of milnacipran, is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibitor. Dextromilnacipran also is a human alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.4 μM. (patent WO2013014263A1).
(2α,3β,4α)-2,3,19-Trihydroxyurs-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid is a saponin that can be isolated from Rubus ellipticus var. obcordatus. (2α,3β,4α)-2,3,19-Trihydroxyurs-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid inhibits α-Glucosidase with an IC50 of 1.68 mM[1].
O-Methyl Atorvastatin (hemicalcium) is an impurity of Atorvastatin. Atorvastatin is an orally active 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids[1].
α-Glucosidase (α-D-Glucosidase), a carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme, catalyzes the liberation of α-glucose from the non-reducing end of the substrate. α-Glucosidase can facilitate the absorption of glucose by the small intestine. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase is an effective management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)[1][2].
3'-Deoxy-3'-amino-ATP, an ATP analogue, is a potent and competitive inhibitor of ATP, with a Ki of 2.3 μM. 3'-Deoxy-3'-amino-ATP can be used to synthesis of 3′-Amino-3′-deoxy transfer RNA by incorporation into the 3' terminus of tRNA-C-C[1][2].
(±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid is a potent EAAT2/4 inhibitor. (±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid also is an ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist. (±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid inhibits glutamate uptake by rod outer segments[1][2].
ST247 a potent PPARβ/δ inverse agonist. ST247 has a higher affinity to PPARβ/δ. ST247 modulates expression of the activation marker CCL2 in the opposite direction. ST247 efficiently induces the interaction with corepressors. ST247 inhibits the agonist-induced transcriptional activity of PPARβ/δ[1].