Curcapicycloside (Pilosidine), a norlignan glucoside, exhibits antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli[1].
PQDVKFP is a synthetic peptide, recognizing antigenic domains within the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein[1].
Oxychloroaphine could be isolated from the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans naturally present in soil. Oxychloroaphine has broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Oxychloroaphine has cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner and induces apoptosis. Oxychloroaphine can be used in research of cancer[1][2].
Ppc-1 is a mitochondrial uncoupler. Ppc-1 enhances mitochondrial oxygen consumption without adverse effects on ATP production. Ppc-1 is a cell-permeate interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibitor. Ppc-1 inhibits the Gram-negative periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Ppc-1 has anti-obesity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3][4].
l-Atabrine dihydrochloride is a less active enantiomer of quinacrine which displays antiprion activity.
Cyprodinil-13C6 is the 13C6 labeled Cyprodinil. Cyprodinil is an anilinopyrimidine broad-spectrum fungicide that inhibits the biosynthesis of methionine in phytopathogenic fungi. Cyprodinil inhibits mycelial cell growth of B. cinerea, P. herpotrichoides, and H. oryzae on amino acid-free media (IC50s=0.44, 4.8, and 0.03 µM, respectively). Cyprodinil acts as an androgen receptor (AR) agonist (EC50=1.91 µM) in the absence of the AR agonist DHT and inhibits the androgenic effect of DHT (IC50=15.1 µM).
Sulfamethoxypyridazine is a long-acting sulfonamide antibiotic, for treatment of Dermatitis herpetiformis.
PXYC2 is a ribosomal protein S1 (RpsA) antagonist with Kds of 6.35 and 5.11 μM for RpsA-CTD and RpsA-CTD Δ438A, respectively. RpsA plays an important role in the trans-translation process of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb)[1].
Dianemycin (Nanchangmycin free base), produced by Streptomyces nanchangensis NS3226, inhibits gram-positive bacteria[1]. Dianemycin is a broad spectrum antiviral active against Zika virus[2].
Norfunalenone exhibits weak cytotoxic activity in mouse myeloma NS-1 cell line (ATCC TIB-18) with an IC50 of 70 μM. Norfunalenone also exhibits weak antibacterial activity against B. subtilis (MIC=100 μg/mL; IC50=265 μM)[1].
JNJ 2408068 is a potent RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) inhibitor. JNJ 2408068 significantly inhibits replication of RSV A and B subtypes in the lungs of cotton rats without any evidence of toxicity. The minimum protective dose of JNJ 2408068 appears to be approximately 0.39 mg/kg[1].
EP3 is an antimicrobial peptide. EP3 has antibacterial and antifungal activities. EP3 inhibits E. gallinarum, P. pyocyanea, A. baumanii, K. terrigena with a MIC value of 12.85 μg/mL. EP3 also shows antitumor activity against cancer cells, and induces cell apoptosis[1].
SPR206 acetate is a polymyxin analog with antibiotic activity against Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) variants. SPR206 acetate has an anti-bacterial infection effect by interacting with the bacterium’s outer membrane. The MIC values of SPR206 acetate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pa14 and Acinetobacter baumannii NCTC13301 are both 0.125 mg/L[1][2].
Phthalylsulfathiazole is a kind of sulfonamides used as an antibacterial drug.
Carbadox is a quinoxaline-di-N-oxide antibiotic compound which is widely fed to nursery-age pigs to control enteric diseases and improve feed efficiency.
PMAP-23 is a biological active peptide. (an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from porcine myeloid.)
BPH-1358 free base (NSC50460 free base) is a potent human farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) and undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) inhibitor with IC50s of 1.8 μM and 110 nM, respectively, and is active against S. aureus in vitro (MIC ~250 ng/mL)[1][2].
HCV-IN-37 (Compound 3d) is a potent inhibitor of HCV. HCV-IN-37 is orally available and long-lasting in rat plasma after oral administration to rats by a single dose of 15 mg/kg. The high potency of active derivative HCV-IN-37 is primarily driven by the inhibitory effect on the virus entry stage[1].
Quorum Sensing-IN-2 (compound 23e) is a quorum sensing inhibitor, which can reduce the pathogenicity of bacteria without affecting bacterial growth. Quorum Sensing-IN-2 inhibits bacterial infections with little hemolytic activity. Quorum Sensing-IN-2 shows synergistic effect with Ciprofloxacin (HY-B0356) in the bacteremia model infected with P. aeruginosa PAO1[1].
Ciclopirox (Penlac) is a synthetic antifungal agent.Target: AntifungalCiclopirox is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. It is most useful against Tinea versicolor. The mechanism of action of ciclopirox is poorly understood [1]. However, loss of function of certain catalase and peroxidase enzymes has been implicated as the mechanism of action, as well as various other components of cellular metabolism. In a study conducted to further elucidate ciclopirox's mechanism, several Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants were screened and tested. Results from interpretation of the effects of both the drug treatment and mutation suggested that ciclopirox may exert its effect by disrupting DNA repair, cell division signals and structures (mitotic spindles) as well as some elements of intracellular transport [2]. It acts by inhibiting the membrane transfer system by interrupting the Na+ K+ ATPase [1]. It is currently being investigated as an alternative treatment to ketoconazole for seborrhoeic dermatitis as it suppresses growth of the yeast Malassezia furfur. Initial results show similar efficacy to ketoconazole with a relative increase in subjective symptom relief due to its inherent anti-inflammatory properties [3].
Atevirdine is a potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Atevirdine inhibits non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase that leads to viral multiplication[1].
PNU288034 is a potent oxazolidinone antibiotic.
SARS-CoV-2 nsp14-IN-3 (4975) is an inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 N7-Methyltransferase (IC50: 3.5 μM)[1].
Diethylamine NONOate (DEA NONOate, diethylammonium salt) is a nitric oxide donor. Diethylamine NONOate is a potent antimicrobial agent, which can inhibit Escherichia coli growth. Diethylamine NONOate also can enhance preservation of the donor rat heart[1][2].
PknB-IN-2 (Compound 10) is a Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein kinase B (PknB) inhibitor with an IC50 of 12.1 μM[1].
GS-9822 is a potent, non-catalytic site HIV integrase inhibitor with wild type EC50 of 3 nM.
Halofantrine hydrochloride (SKF-102886) is a blocker of delayed rectifier potassium current via the inhibition of human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel and a potent antimalarial compound[1][2].
Morinidazole R enantiomer is the R-enantiomer of Morinidazole. Morinidazole is a new 5-nitroimidazole class antimicrobial agent. Morinidazole R enantiomer is the less active enantiomer.
Delavirdine(U 90152) is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI).IC50 Value: 0.26 uM (Recombinant HIV-1 RT) [1]Target: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase; NNRTIin vitro: U-90152 [1-(5-methanesulfonamido-1H-indol-2-yl-carbonyl)-4-[3-(1-methyl eth yl-amino)pyridinyl]piperazine], which inhibited recombinant HIV-1 RT at a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.26 microM (compared with IC50s of > 440 microM for DNA polymerases alpha and delta). U-90152 blocked the replication in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 25 primary HIV-1 isolates, including variants that were highly resistant to 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) or 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, with a mean 50% effective dose of 0.066 +/- 0.137 microM. U-90152 had low cellular cytotoxicity, causing less than 8% reduction in peripheral blood lymphocyte viability at 100 microM. In experiments assessing inhibition of the spread of HIV-1IIIB in cell cultures, U-90152 was much more effective than AZT. When approximately 500 HIV-1IIIB-infected MT-4 cells were mixed 1:1,000 with uninfected cells, 3 microM AZT delayed the evidence of rapid viral growth for 7 days. In contrast, 3 microM U-90152 totally prevented the spread of HIV-1, and death and/or dilution of the original inoculum of infected cells prevented renewed viral growth after U-90152 was removed at day 24 [1]. Asdelavirdine concentration was increased from 0 to 100 microM, the K(M) for diclofenac metabolism rose from 4.5+/-0.5 to 21+/-6 microM, and V(max) declined from 4.2+/-0.1 to 0.54+/-0.08 nmol/min/mg of protein, characteristic of mixed-type inhibition [2].in vivo: The mean values (+/- standard deviations) for the maximum concentration in serum (C(max)) of ritonavir, the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC(0-12)), and the minimum concentration in serum (C(min)) of ritonavir before the addition of delavirdine were 14.8 +/- 6.7 micro M, 94 +/- 36 micro M. h, and 3.6 +/- 2.1 micro M, respectively. These same parameters were increased to 24.6 +/- 13.9 micro M, 154 +/- 83 micro M. h, and 6.52 +/- 4.85 micro M, respectively, after the addition of delavirdine(P is <0.05 for all comparisons). Delavirdine pharmacokinetic parameters in the presence of ritonavir included a C(max) of 23 +/- 16 micro M, an AUC(0-8) of 114 +/- 75 micro M. h, and a C(min) of 9.1 +/- 7.5 micro M [3].Toxicity: Clinical trial: Quality of Life of HIV-infected Participants Switched to Raltegravir Versus Other Antiretroviral Regimens. Phase 4
SARS-CoV-2-IN-21 (compound 10), a penicillin sulfone benzyl C6 derivative, is a potent SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5.3 μM. SARS-CoV-2-IN-21 can be used for COVID-19 research[1].