HLI373 is an efficacious Hdm2 inhibitor. HLI373 inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of Hdm2. HLI373 is effective in inducing apoptosis of several tumor cells that are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents[1]. Antimalarial activity[2].
MS177 (MS-177) is a potent and selective EZH2 degarder (PROTAC) based on EZH2 inhibitor C24 with CRBN ligand pomalidomide with DC50 of 0.2 uM in EOL-1 cells.MS177 effectively degraded cellular EZH2-PRC2, suppressed global H3K27me3 in leukaemia cells.MS177 exhibited half-maximal degradation concentration (DC50) values of 0.2 ± 0.1 μM and 1.5 ± 0.2 μM, and maximum degradation (Dmax) values of 82% and 68%, respectively, in EOL-1 and MV4;11 cells.MS177 efficiently suppresses EZH2-PRC2 functions, also efficiently induces Myc degradation in cancer cells, suppresses EZH2-PRC2 functions.MS177 efficiently induces leukaemia cell growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle progression arrest, which is more effective than EZH2 inhibitors. MS177 (i.p. injection, 50-1 g/kg) represses AML growth without apparent toxicity in PDX models.
Procyanidin C1 is a natural polyphenol, causes DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis. Procyanidin C1 decreases the level of Bcl-2, but enhances BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells[1].
Mytoxin B is an ADC cytotoxin. Mytoxin B is a satratoxin-type trichothecene macrolide and is similar to the effect of LY294002 (HY-10108). Mytoxin B induces cell apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway[1].
Bacopaside II, an extract from the medicinal herb Bacopa monnieri, blocks the Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channel and impairs migration of cells that express AQP1. Bacopaside II induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[1][2].
Neoxanthin is a major xanthophyll carotenoid and a precursor of the plant hormone abscisic acid in dark green leafy vegetables. Neoxanthin is a potent antioxidant and light-harvesting pigment. Neoxanthin induces apoptosis and has anticancer actions[1][2].
Salvigenin is a natural polyphenolic compound, with neuroprotective effect. Salvigenin has antitumor cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties[1][2].
Tomentosin is a antiphlogistic sesquiterpene lactone that can be isolated from Inula falconeri.Tomentosin induces Apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells[1].
SHP2-IN-8 is a highly potent, selective, and cellularly active allosteric SHP2 inhibitor with IC50 value of 23 nM and Ki of 22 nM. SHP2-IN-8 is reversible and noncompetitive. SHP2-IN-8 causes a significant thermal shift with the ΔTm of 7.01 ℃. SHP2-IN-8 induces the apoptosis and inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT in Hela cells[1].
SU11652 is a potent receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor. SU11652 also inhibits several members of the split kinase family of RTKs, including VEGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, and Kit. SU11652 can be uesd for spontaneous cancers expressing Kit mutations research[1].
Anticancer agent 120 (compound 21) is an N-acylated ciprofloxacin derivative, which has certain antibacterial activity and induces ROS to promote cancer cell apoptosis[1].
IDO1/TDO-IN-1 (30) is a potent dual IDO1 (uncompetitive, Ki of 0.23 μM) and TDO (competitive, Ki of 0.73 μM) inhibitor. IDO1/TDO-IN-1 (30) significantly promotes cell apoptosis through the potential mitochondria-mediated Bcl-2/Bax pathway[1].
Astragaloside A is one of the major active constituents of Astragalus membranaceus in Traditional Chinese Medicine; has been widely used to treat ischemic diseases.IC50 value: Target: in vitro: AS-IV treatment promotes umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation, migration, and tube formation. AS-IV treatment also activates JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, and up-regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production [1]. Administration of astragaloside IV (16, 32, and 64 μM) 1 h prior to lipopolysaccharide stimulation dose-dependently attenuated cardiac hypertrophy induced by lipopolysaccharide. Further studies demonstrated that astragaloside IV inhibited the increment of the resting intracellular free Ca2+, and its effect was similar to verapamil [2]. ASI could inhibit cells apoptosis induced by high glucose (25mmol/L) in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. ASI also inhibited high glucose-induced expression of TGF-β1 and activation of p38 MAPK pathway at the protein level. Furthermore, ASI increased HGF production in human tubular epithelial cells [3].in vivo: the growth of tumor was suppressed by AS-IV treatment in vivo. AS-IV also could down-regulate regulatory T cells (Tregs) and up-regulate cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in vivo and in vitro[4]. As an in vivo model, mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were administered AS-IV (20 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection for 7 days. AS-IV significantly alleviated renal mass loss and reduced the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, and collagen IV both in vitro and in vivo [5].
BC-1258, an F-box/LRR-repeat protein 2 (FBXL2) activator, can stabilize and upregulate FBXL2 levels. BC-1258 induces apoptosis of tumorigenic cells, and profoundly inhibits tumor formation in mice[1].
AZA1 is a potent dual inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42. AZA1 induces prostate cancer cells apoptosis and inhibits prostate cancer cells proliferation, migration and invasion[1][2].
Neochamaejasmine A is a biflavonoid that can be isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L.. Neochamaejasmine A inhibits proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and Apoptosis in tumor cells. Neochamaejasmine A can be used in the research of cancers such as prostate cancer, hepatoma cancer[1][2].
3,6-Dihydroxyflavone is an anti-cancer agent. 3,6-Dihydroxyflavone dose- and time-dependently decreases cell viability and induces apoptosis by activating caspase cascade, cleaving poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). 3,6-Dihydroxyflavone increases intracellular oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation[1].
SKLB0565 is a potent tubulin inhibitor. SKLB0565 shows significant anti-proliferative activity against CRC (colorectal carcinoma) cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.012 μM to 0.081 μM. SKLB0565 causes G2/M phase arrest and mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis. SKLB0565 inhibits cell migration and disrupted the tube formation of HUVECs[1].
BTM-3566 is an OMA1 activator. BTM-3566 activates the mitochondrial stress response. BTM-3566 induces apoptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) cell lines[1][2].
Trabectedin (Ecteinascidin-743 or ET-743) is a novel antitumour agent of marine origin with potent antitumour activity both in vitro and in vivo.IC50 Value: 0.1-3.7 nM (breast cancer cell lines) [1]Target: Apoptosis inducer; Anticancerin vitro: Trabectedin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in both breast cancer cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. The expression levels of the death receptor pathway molecules, TRAIL-R1/DR4, TRAIL-R2/DR5, FAS/TNFRSF6, TNF RI/TNFRSF1A, and FADD were significantly increased by 2.6-, 3.1-, 1.7-, 11.2- and 4.0-fold by trabectedin treatment in MCF-7 cells. However, in MDA-MB-453 cells, the mitochondrial pathway related pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bad, Cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, and Cleaved Caspase-3 expressions were induced by 4.2-, 3.6-, 4.8-, 4.5-, and 4.4-fold, and the expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were reduced by 4.8- and 5.2-fold in MDA-MB-453 cells [2]. In vitro treatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of trabectedin selectively inhibited the production of CCL2, CXCL8, IL-6, VEGF, and PTX3 by MLS primary tumor cultures and/or cell lines [3].in vivo: A xenograft mouse model of human MLS showed marked reduction of CCL2, CXCL8, CD68+ infiltrating macrophages, CD31+ tumor vessels, and partial decrease of PTX3 after trabectedin treatment [3]. The MTD of trabectedin was 700 microg/m(2) due to dose-limiting neutropaenia and the RDs in the previously treated/untreated patients were 500 and 600 microg/m(2), respectively. Most common toxicities were nausea/vomiting (67%), asthenia/fatigue (55%) and reversible ASAT/ALAT elevation (51%) [4]. Toxicity: Most common toxicities were nausea/vomiting (67%), asthenia/fatigue (55%) and reversible ASAT/ALAT elevation (51%) [4].Clinical trial: A Study to Assess the Potential Effects of Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Trabectedin in Patients With Advanced Malignancies. Phase 1/2
Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) is the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Buxus microphylla. Cyclovirobuxine D induces autophagy and attenuates the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR[1]. Cyclovirobuxine D inhibits cell proliferation of gastric cancer cells through suppression of cell cycle progression and inducement of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis[2]. Cyclovirobuxine D is beneficial for heart failure induced by myocardial infarction[3].
Lidocaine-d6 (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled Lidocaine (hydrochloride). Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lignocaine hydrochloride) inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and using dependence[1]. Lidocaine hydrochloride decreases growth, migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells via up-regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Lidocaine hydrochloride is an amide derivative and a drug to treat ventricular arrhythmia and an effective tumor-inhibitor[2].
Apremilast D5 (CC-10004 D5) is a deuterium labeled Apremilast. Apremilast is an orally available inhibitor of type-4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE-4) with an IC50 of 74 nM. Apremilast inhibits TNF-α release by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with an IC50 of 104 nM[1].
anti-TNBC agent-2 an anti-Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) purine derivative. anti-TNBC agent-2 induces MDA-MB-231 cells apoptosis, and inhibits its migration and angiogenesis. anti-TNBC agent-2 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis and reduces the expression of Ki67 and CD31 protein in TNBC xenograft models. anti-TNBC agent-2 can be used for Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) research[1].
D-Mannitol-2-13C is the 13C labeled D-Mannitol.
Tubulin polymerization-IN-26 (compound 12h) can inhibit the polymerization of microtubulin by binding to the colchicine binding site of microtubulin with an IC50 value of 4.64 μM. Tubulin polymerization-IN-26 can induce apoptosis and inhibit cell metastasis or migration, and can be used as a potential compound for lung cancer research[1].
Bcl-2-IN-9 is a novel proapoptotic Bcl-2 inhibitor with IC50 value of 2.9 μM and low cytotoxic. Bcl-2-IN-9 mediates apoptosis by down-regulating expression of Bcl-2 in cancer cells and has a high selectivity against leukemia cells[1].
Ganoderic acid Mf is an antitumor triterpenoid. Ganoderic acid Mf causes cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Ganoderic acid Mf shows high selectivity between normal and cancer cells and induces cell apoptosis via mitochondria mediated pathway[1].
Rilmenidine phosphate, an antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine phosphate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine phosphate is also an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells[1][2][3].
Bromelain is an anti-inflammatory drug derived from pineapple stem that acts through down-regulation of plasma kininogen, inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 expression, degradation of advanced glycation end product receptors and regulation of angiogenic biomarkers as well as antioxidant action upstream in the COX-pathway[1]. Bromelain exhibits various fibrinolytic, antiedematous, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Bromelain also possesses some anticancerous activities and promotes apoptotic cell death[2].