Imeglimin is the first antidiabetic compound that induces an increase in mitochondrial phospholipid composition, contributing to improvements in hepatic mitochondrial function.
POT-4 (AL-78898A), a Compstatin derivative, is a potent inhibitor of complement factor C3 activation. POT-4 can be used for age-related macular degeneration research[1][2]
Oxalic Acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables and can be used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.
Vaccarin is an active flavonoid glycoside associated with various biological functions. Vaccarin significantly promote wound healing and endothelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation in the wound site. Vaccarin ameliorates insulin resistance and steatosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway[1][2].
trans-Cinnamyl alcohol is a trans-isomer of Cinnamyl alcohol. Cinnamyl Alcohol is an active component from chestnut flower, inhibits increased PPARγ expression, with anti-obesity activity. trans-Cinnamyl alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cinnamyl alcohols, is a primary metabolite[1].
Feniralstat (compound 30), a pyrazole derivative, is a potent kallikrein inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.7 nM for Human plasma kallikrein (pKal). Feniralstat has no inhibition on Human KLKl, Human FXIa, Human Factor Xlla (all IC50>40 μM).
Coptisine is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM.
Abscisic acid-d6 (ABA-d6) is deuterium labeled Abscisic acid. Abscisic acid inhibits proton pump (H+-ATPase)[1].
Chenodeoxycholic acid sodium is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
Terazosin-d8 is deuterium labeled Terazosin. Terazosin is a quinazoline derivative and a competitive and orally active α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Terazosin works by relaxing blood vessels and the opening of the bladder. Terazosin has the potential for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and high blood pressure treatment[1][2][3].
Glutathione oxidized is produced by the oxidation of glutathione which is a major intracellular antioxidant and detoxifying agent.
D-Amino acid oxidase is an enzyme to metabolize exogenous D-amino acids in animals for detoxifying action. D-Amino acid oxidase also modulates the level of D-serine in brain[1].
Entacapone acid (Tyrphostin AG1290) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Entacapone acid reduces hepatic protein synthesis rate (HPS) in vivo[1].
1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-d49 is deuterium labeled 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is an abundant gonadal LPC (lysophosphatidylcholine)[1].
Genz-123346 is an inhibitor of GL1 synthase that blocks the conversion of ceramide to GL1; inhibits GM1 with IC50 value of 14 nM.
Bisabolone oxide A is an α-glucosidase inhibitor[1].
Bilirubin disodium is a yellow breakdown product of heme catabolism[1]. Bilirubin exhibits antioxidant and antimutagenic effects[2].
GW1929 is a potent PPAR-γ activator, with pKis of 8.84, < 5.5, and < 6.5 for human PPAR-γ, PPAR-α, and PPAR-δ, and pEC50s of 8.56 and 8.27 for human PPAR-γ and murine PPAR-γ, respectively.
Glutathione oxidized disodium is produced by the oxidation of glutathione which is a major intracellular antioxidant and detoxifying agent[1].
A potent, subtype-selective Grp94 inhibitor with Kd of 0.96 uM, 13-fold selectivity over Hsp90α; facilitates mutant myocilin degradation and rescues phenotypes in a transgenic mouse model of hereditary primary open-angle glaucoma.
CID1231538, a benzothiazole analogue, is a potent GPR35 antagonist (IC50=0.55 μM). GPR35 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)[1].
DL-Lysine monohydrate is a racemic mixture of the D-Lysine and L-Lysine. Lysine is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins[1].
(R)-(+)-Citronellal, isolated from citrus, lavender and eucalyptus oils, is a monoterpenoid and main component of citronellal oil with a distinct lemon scent. A flavouring agent. Used for insect repellent and antifungal properties[1][2].
Sitagliptin fenilalanil hydrochloride is a dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor[1].
Tolindate is a potent PXR agonist with an EC50 value of 8.3 µM. Tolindate shows antifungal activity[1][2].
Atrazine-d5 is deuterium labeled Atrazine. Atrazine is principally used for control of certain annual broadleaf and grass weeds. Atrazine inhibits photophosphorylation but typically does not result in lethality or permanent cell damage in the short term[1].
Seneciphyllinine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is isolated from the roots of Gynura japonica. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are highly hepatotoxic natural chemicals that produce irreversible chronic and acute hepatotoxic effects on human beings[1].
Uridine diphosphate galuronic acid (UDP-α-D-galuronic acid) trisodium is a cofactor that is formed by the catalytic activity of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase[1].
Glimepiride(Amaryl) is a medium-to-long acting sulfonylurea anti-diabetic compound with an ED50 of 182 μg/kg.Target: DPP4Glimepiride (Hoe 490) is a new sulfonylurea. After oral administration of Hoe 490 to rabbits, blood glucose was lowered 3.5 times more than after glibenclamide (HB 419) and after intravenous administration, 2.5 times more [1]. glimepiride decreased extracellular Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels. glimepiride may serve as a promising drug for the treatment of AD associated with diabetes [2]. glimepiride was generally associated with lower risk of hypoglycemia and less weight gain compared to other sulfonylureas. Glimepiride use may be safer in patients with cardiovascular disease because of its lack of detrimental effects on ischemic preconditioning [3].Clinical indications: Non-insulin dependent diabetesToxicity: Severe hypoglycemic reactions with coma; seizure or other neurological impairment.
KIRA6 allosterically inhibits IRE1α RNase kinase activity with an IC50 of 0.6 µM.