Arachidonoyl coenzyme A lithium is an unsaturated fatty acyl coenzyme A, formed by the condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxyl group of arachidonic acid[1].
3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) is an effective antioxidant, which reduces superoxide and improves nitric oxide (NO) function in diabetic rat mesenteric arteries[1].
Cadisegliatin (TTP-399) is a potential liver-selective glucokinase (GK) activator for type 2 diabetes and has antihyperglycaemic activity[1][2].
MCHR1 antagonist 3 is a potent the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor-1 (MCHR1) antagonist. MCHR1 antagonist 3 is used to regulate energy metabolism[1].
(R)-MK-5046 is the inactive isomer of MK-5046 (HY-14342), and can be used as an experimental control. MK-5046 is a potent, selective and orally active Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) allosteric agonist with an IC50 and an EC50 value of 27 and 25 nM for hBRS-3, respectively. MK-5046 inhibits food intake and reduces body weight of diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse models. MK-5046 can be used for the research of obesity[1][2][3].
(Z)-3-Butylidenephthalide is an antihyperglycemic agent by inhibiting the activity of intestinal and yeast R-glucosidases (IC50=2.35 mM; Ki=4.86 mM)[1].
(±)-N-3-Benzylnirvanol is a racemic mixture of (+)-N-3-Benzylnirvanol and (-)-N-3-Benzylnirvanol. (+)-N-3-Benzylnirvanol and (–)-N-3-Benzylnirvanol are potent and selective cytochrome P450 inhibitors with Ki values of 0.25 and 5.3 μM for CYP2C19, respectively[1].
Drinabant (AVE1625) is an orally active CB1 receptor antagonist. Drinabant (AVE1625) inhibits the agonist-stimulated calcium signal with IC50 values of 25 nM and 10 nM for the hCB1-R and rCB1-R, respectively, and is ineffective for the hCB2-R[1].
AMPK activator 1 is an AMPK activator extracted from patent WO2013116491A1, compound No.1-75, has an EC50 of <0.1μM.
Nitisinone(SC0735) is an inhibitor of the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase.Target: 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate DioxygenaseNitisinone is a drug used to slow the effects of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1. Nitisinone reduced urinary HGA levels from an average of 4.0 +/- 1.8 (SD) g/day to 0.2 +/- 0.2 g/day ( P < .001). Low-dose nitisinone effectively reduced urinary HGA levels in patients with alkaptonuria. Future long-term clinical trials are planned to determine the benefits of nitisinone in preventing joint deterioration and providing pain relief, and its long-term side effects [1]. Nitisinone can prevent the development of liver disease and significantly reduce the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma; however, vigorous surveillance for the development of HCC needs to be continued lifelong [2].
Edoxaban M4, an active metabolite of Edoxaban, shows reproducible, but concentration-dependent matrix effects. Edoxaban (DU-176) is a selective, potent and orally active factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor [1][2].
AVE5688 is an inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase (GP), with IC50s of 430 nM and 915 nM and Kds of 170 nM and 530 nM for rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase (rmGPb and rmGPa, respectively); AVE5688 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes.
Auriculin B (Atrial natriuretic peptide (126-150)(rat)) is a rat-derived atrial natriuretic peptide. Auriculin B has potent vasodilatory and diuretic properties[1].
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP), human is thought to act as an inhibitor of gastric functions.
4-Hydroxyphenylglyoxylate (4-Hydroxyphenylglyoxylic acid) is an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I). 4-Hydroxyphenylglyoxylate can be used to study sensitivity changes in CPT I of liver mitochondria and fatty acid oxidation by isolated hepatocytes. 4-Hydroxyphenylglyoxylate can inhibits fatty acid oxidation[1].
SMP-028 is an inhibitor of neutral cholesterol esterase (CEase), with an IC50 of 1.01 μM.
A8SGLP-1 is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function[1].
D-Glucose-13C,d-1 is the deuterium and 13C labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical si
Enclomiphene ((E)-Clomiphene) hydrochloride is a potent and orally active non-steroidal estrogen receptor antagonist, with antioestrogenic property. Enclomiphene hydrochloride can be used for the research of ovarian dysfunction, testosterone deficiency, male hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes[1].
Bemfivastatin (PPD 10558) is an orally active, HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor, also known as Statin. Bemfivastatin enhances the activity of liver extraction. Bemfivastatin exhibits little developmental toxicity effects in pregnant rats and rabbits via daily oral doses during organogenesis period. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) are ≥320 mg/kg/day for rats developmental toxicity, 12.5 mg/kg/day for rabbits maternal toxicity, and 25 mg/kg/day for rabbits developmental toxicity, respectively. Bemfivastatin can be used for research on Statin-related hypercholesterolemic myalgia with inability to tolerate statins[1][2].
α-Glucosidase-IN-29 (compound 19) is a α-glucosidases inhibitor (IC50=1.21 μM, Ki=1.80 μM). α-Glucosidase-IN-29 ca be used for research of diabetes and related diseases[1].
Mirabegron impurity-1 is a potent and selectiveβ3- adrenergic receptor agonist. Mirabegron impurity-1has the activity of inhibiting metabolism. Mirabegron impurity-1 can be used inthe study of the treatment of bladder impurity [1].
Pparδ agonist 7 is a potent agonist of Pparδ. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a member of the intranuclear receptor transcription factor superfamily that plays a key role in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, cell growth and differentiation in vivo. Pparδ agonist 7 has the potential for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (extracted from patent WO2019105234A1, compound TM4)[1].
AdipoRon hydrochloride is an orally active and specific AdipoR agonist, binding to AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, with Kds of 1.8 and 3.1 μM, respectively.
α-Glucosidase-IN-9 (compound 7) is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 55.6 μM. α-Glucosidase-IN-9 can be used for type II diabetes research[1].
Neopuerarin A is an isoflavones isolated from the water extraction of the dried roots of Pueraria lobata (Willd.). Neopuerarin A shows significant hepatoprotective effect[1].
Imidazol-1-yl-acetic acid is an endogenous metabolite.
Ginsenoside C-Y, a natural antioxidant, possesses antiphotoaging and antimelanogenesis activities[1].
Canagliflozin 0.5 H2O(JNJ 28431754; TA 7284) is a highly potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor for hSGLT2 with IC50 of 2.2 nM, exhibits 413-fold selectivity over hSGLT1.IC50 value: 2.2 nMTarget: SGLT2Canagliflozin(JNJ 24831754ZAE; JNJ 28431754; JNJ 28431754AAA; TA 7284) is an experimental drug being developed by Johnson & Johnson for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Canagliflozin(JNJ 24831754ZAE; JNJ 28431754; JNJ 28431754AAA; TA 7284) is an inhibitor of subtype 2 sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLT2), which is responsible for at least 90% of the glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Blocking this transporter causes blood glucose to be eliminated through the urine.
sPLA2-IIA Inhibitor is a cyclic pentapeptide analog of FLSYK (cyclic 2-Nal-Leu-Ser-2-Nal-Arg (c2)), that binds to hGIIA (human IIA phospholipase A2) and inhibits its hydrolytic ability. sPLA2 is a member of the esterase superfamily that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids, releasing free fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids[1].