Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
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GPCR/G Protein >
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Immunology/Inflammation >
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JAK/STAT Signaling >
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ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
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Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
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Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
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VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

CCT020312

CCT020312 is capable of delivering potent, and eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) selective, proliferation control and also is an activator of RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK).

  • CAS Number: 324759-76-4
  • MF: C31H30Br2N4O2
  • MW: 650.40
  • Catalog: Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

a-D-ribo-Hexofuranose,3-deoxy-1,2:5,6-bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)

3-Deoxy-1,2:5,6-bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-α-D-ribo-hexofuranose is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 4613-62-1
  • MF: C12H20O5
  • MW: 244.28
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.123g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 291ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 112ºC

3’-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)-2-thiouridine

3’-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)-2-thiouridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 647839-20-1
  • MF: C12H18N2O6S
  • MW: 318.35
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GW 9578

GW9578 is a subtype-selective PPARα agonist (EC50s of 5 and 50 nM for murine and human PPAR-α) with potent lipid-lowering activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 247923-29-1
  • MF: C26H34F2N2O3S
  • MW: 492.622
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 641.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 341.9±31.5 °C

UBCS039

UBCS039 is the first synthetic, specific Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) activator, inducing autophagy in human tumor cells, with an EC50 of 38 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 358721-70-7
  • MF: C16H13N3
  • MW: 247.29
  • Catalog: Sirtuin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GSK-3 inhibitor 3

GSK-3 inhibitor 3 is a selective, orally active and brain-penetrant inhibitor of GSK-3, with IC50s of 0.35 nM and 0.25 nM for GSK-3α and GSK-3β, respectively. GSK-3 inhibitor 3 lowers levels of tau protein phosphorylation at S396 in a triple-transgenic mouse Alzheimer’s disease model, with IC50 of 10 nM. GSK-3 inhibitor 3 can be used for neurological disease research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2227279-84-5
  • MF: C23H15FN6O
  • MW: 410.40
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2’,3’-Bis-(O-t-butyldimethylsilyl)uridine

2’,3’-Bis-(O-t-butyldimethylsilyl)uridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 69504-12-7
  • MF: C21H40N2O6Si2
  • MW: 472.72
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Nampt-IN-3

Nampt-IN-3 (Compound 35) simultaneously inhibit nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and HDAC with IC50s of 31 nM and 55 nM, respectively. Nampt-IN-3 effectively induces cell apoptosis and autophagy and ultimately leads to cell death[1].

  • CAS Number: 2121591-52-2
  • MF: C29H25N7O2
  • MW: 503.55
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5'-ODMT cEt m5U Phosphoramidite (Amidite)

5'-ODMT cEt m5U Phosphoramidite Amidite is a locked nucleic acid (LNA) analog. 5'-ODMT cEt m5U Phosphoramidite Amidite shows excellent safety and antisense activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1197033-22-9
  • MF: C42H51N4O9P
  • MW: 786.85000
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Aminopurine-9-beta-D-(3’,5’-di-O-benzoyl-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro)arabinoriboside

2-Aminopurine-9-beta-D-(3’,5’-di-O-benzoyl-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro)arabinoriboside is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-63-1
  • MF: C24H20FN5O5
  • MW: 477.4
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

L-threonolactone

L-Threonolactone ((3R,4S)-3,4-Dihydroxyoxolan-2-one) is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 21730-93-8
  • MF: C4H6O4
  • MW: 118.09
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 0.99g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 277.8ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 101.3ºC

HDAC-IN-26

HDAC-IN-26 is a highly selective class I HDAC inhibitor with an EC50 value of 4.7 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2410542-97-9
  • MF: C24H28FN5O3
  • MW: 453.51
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

1,9-DIHYDRO-6H-PURINE-6-THIONE

6-Mercaptopurine-13C2,15N (Mercaptopurine-13C2,15N) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled 6-Mercaptopurine. 6-Mercaptopurine is a purine analogue which acts as an antagonist of the endogenous purines and has been widely used as antileukemic agent and immunosuppressive drug.

  • CAS Number: 1190008-04-8
  • MF: C5H4N4S
  • MW: 152.18
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ciprofibrate impurity A

Ciprofibrate impurity A is an impurity of Ciprofibrate. Ciprofibrate is a PPARα agonist[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1

HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1 (compound 17) is a potent and selective dual inhibitor of HDAC6 and HSP90, with IC50 values of 4.3 and 46.8 nM, respectively. HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1 down-regulates PD-L1 expression in INF-γ treated H1975 lung cancer cells. HDAC6/HSP90-IN-1 inhibits tumor growth in human H1975 xenograft mice[1].

  • CAS Number: 2411955-43-4
  • MF: C28H37N3O6
  • MW: 511.61
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Doxifluridine-d2

Doxifluridine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Doxifluridine[1]. Doxifluridine is a thymidine phosphorylase activator for PC9-DPE2 cells with IC50 of 0.62 μM.

  • CAS Number: 84258-25-3
  • MF: C9H9D2FN2O5
  • MW: 248.205
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BAY 1161909

BAY 1161909 is a potent Mps1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of < 1 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1443763-60-7
  • MF: C29H26FN5O4S
  • MW: 559.611
  • Catalog: Mps1
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2’-Deoxy-N6-(3-methoxybenzyl)adenosine

2’-Deoxy-N6-(3-methoxybenzyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1947400-98-7
  • MF: C18H21N5O4
  • MW: 371.39
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

T-peptide TFA

T-peptide is a peptide derived from microtubule binding repeat of Tau protein. T-peptide self-assembles into 30-55 nm paired helical filaments (PHFs) even in the absense of inducers. T-peptide is cytotoxic in multiple cell lines including cortical neurons, cerebellar granular neurons, neuroblastoma cells, kidney fibroblasts and HEK293 cells. T-peptide co-localizes with pathological hyperphosphorylated forms of tau in vitro.

  • CAS Number: 2022956-62-1
  • MF: C92H171N45O18
  • MW: 2195.66
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PU-H71

PU-H71 is a potent Hsp90 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 51 nM in MDA-MB-468 cells.

  • CAS Number: 873436-91-0
  • MF: C18H21IN6O2S
  • MW: 512.368
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 650.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 347.3±34.3 °C

N,N-Dimethyl-2’-O-methylcytidine

N,N-Dimethyl-2’-O-methylcytidine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 34218-81-0
  • MF: C12H19N3O5
  • MW: 285.30
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KU-32

KU-32 is a novel, novobiocin-based Hsp90 inhibitor that can protect against neuronal cell death.

  • CAS Number: 956498-70-7
  • MF: C20H25NO8
  • MW: 407.41400
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: 1.37±0.1 g/cm3 (20 °C, 760 mmHg)
  • Boiling Point: 668.1±55.0 °C (760 mmHg)
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Wistin

Wistin, isolated from Caragana sinica roots, is a PPARα and PPARγ agonist[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 19046-26-5
  • MF: C23H24O10
  • MW: 460.43100
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

D-AMETHOPTERIN HYDRATE

Methotrexate (Amethopterin) monohydrate, an antimetabolite and antifolate agent, inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of folic acid into tetrahydrofolate, and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Methotrexate monohydrate, also an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent, is used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and a number of different cancers (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia)[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 6745-93-3
  • MF: C20H24N8O6
  • MW: 472.45500
  • Catalog: ADC Cytotoxin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 195ºC (dec.)(lit.)
  • Flash Point: N/A

USP1-IN-2

USP1-IN-2 (Compound I-193) is a potent ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1) inhibitor with an IC50 of less than about 50 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2098212-05-4
  • MF: C26H22F4N6O
  • MW: 510.49
  • Catalog: Deubiquitinase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ipivivint

Ipivivint, a first-in-class, orally active and potent CDC-like kinase (CLK) inhibitor, inhibits CLK1 (IC50=1.4 μM), CLK2 (IC50=0.002 μM) and CLK3 (IC50=0.022 μM). Ipivivint reduces Wnt pathway signaling gene expression through inhibiting CLK activity and serine and arginine rich splicing factor (SRSF) phosphorylation and disrupting spliceosome activity. Ipivivint can be used for the research of cancer[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)

Cytidine 5′-triphosphate (Cytidine triphosphate; 5'-CTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate and serves as a building block for nucleotides and nucleic acids, lipid biosynthesis. Cytidine triphosphate synthase can catalyze the formation of cytidine 5′-triphosphate from uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate is an essential biomolecule in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in T. gondii[1].

  • CAS Number: 65-47-4
  • MF: C9H16N3O14P3
  • MW: 483.156
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 2.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 849.2±75.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 467.4±37.1 °C

1-HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE

1-Hydroxyanthraquinone, a naturally occurring compound with oral activity from some plants like Tabebuia avellanedae, exhibits carcinogenic effect[1].

  • CAS Number: 129-43-1
  • MF: C14H8O3
  • MW: 224.212
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 414.8±14.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 194°C
  • Flash Point: 218.8±16.6 °C

2-Iodo-2'-deoxyadenosine

2′-Deoxy-2-iodoadenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 118706-49-3
  • MF: C10H12IN5O3
  • MW: 377.14
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 729.7±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 395.1±35.7 °C

2'-Chloro-2'-deoxycytidine

2-Chloro-2'-deoxycytidine is a cytidine nucleoside analog. Cytidine analogs have a mechanism of inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (such as Zebularine, HY-13420), and have potential anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 10212-19-8
  • MF: C9H12ClN3O4
  • MW: 261.66
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 551.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 287.2±32.9 °C