RPT193 is an orally active inhibitor of CCR4, blocks the recruitment of Th2 inflammatory immune cells into inflamed tissues. RPT193 can be used for allergic inflammation in atopic dermatitis, asthma, and other diseases research[1].
Lafutidine-d10 is deuterium labeled Lafutidine. Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease[1].
H4R antagonist 2 (page 68), a Furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivative, is a potent H4R antagonist. H4R antagonist 2 can be used in research of rheumatoid arthritis[1].
β-D-glucan is a natural non-digestible polysaccharide and high biocompatibility that can be selectively recognized by recognition receptors such as Dectin-1 and Toll-like receptors as well as being easily internalized by murine or human macrophages, which is likely to attribute to a target delivery[1]. β-d-glucan is an enteric delivery vehicle for probiotics[2].
Bromfenac is a potent and orally active inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 5.56 and 7.45 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Bromfenac can be used in ocular inflammation research[1].
Diacerein, a interleukin-1 beta inhibitor, is a slow-acting medicine of the class anthraquinone used to treat joint diseases.Target: IL-1 betaDiacerein, a interleukin-1 beta inhibitor, is a slow-acting medicine of the class anthraquinone used to treat joint diseases. Diacerein works by blocking the actions of interleukin-1 beta, a protein involved in the inflammation and destruction of cartilage that play a role in the development of symptoms of degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Due to its specific mode of action, which does not involve the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, diacerein has been shown to have anti-osteoarthritis and cartilage stimulating properties in vitro and animal models, together with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to its excellent gastro-intestinal tolerance, a combination therapy with an analgesic or a NSAID may be recommended during the first 2-4 weeks of treatment. From Wikipedia.
Guaiacol-d7 is the deuterium labeled Guaiacol[1]. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation[1]. Anti-inflammatory activity[2].
Randaiol is an antioxidant that can be isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis. Randaiol inhibits LPS-induced NO production and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities[1].
IL-17A inhibitor 2 is an IL-17A inhibitor for treating psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.
STING-IN-4 (Compound 1) is a STING inhibitor that inhibits STING expression and hence reducing activation of STING and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. STING-IN-4 shows anti-inflammatory activity and can be used for the research of sepsis[1].
2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide (Guanidinobiotin hydrobromide) is a biotin (vitamin H or B7) analog. 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide is a reversible nitric oxide synthases inhibitor with Kis of 21.8 and 37.5 μM for murine iNOS and rat n-cNOS, respectively[1]. 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide superimposes on hypothermia protects human neuronal cells from hypoxia-induced cell damage[2].
Hydroxyzine Dihydrochloride is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist.Target: Histamine H1-ReceptorHydroxyzine inhibits carbachol (10 μM)-induced serotonin release by 34% at 10 μM, by 25% 1 μM and by 17% 0.1 μM in pretreated bladder slices for 60 min [1]. Hydroxyzine (0.1 mM) treatment inhibits the progression and severity of EAE by 50% and the extent of mast cell degranulation by 70% in Lewis rats with allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) [2]. Hydroxyzine (500 M) significantly increases transport of etoposide to the serosal site in the jejunal everted sacs. Hydroxyzine significantly reduces the efflux and approximately 2.4 g/mL of etoposide in the jejunum and ileum. Hydroxyzine (0.2 μg/mL) significantly enhances the efflux of RH123 to the lumen [3].Hydroxyzine (500 μM) significantly decreases the steady-state etoposide concentration 2-fold, where the steady-state concentration reached about 0.055 μM/mL in Sprague-Dawley rats [3]. Hydroxyzine (12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg i.p.) shows little direct analgesic activity but markedly potentiates only the effect of morphine on the vocalization after-discharge which represents the affective component of pain in rats. Hydroxyzine (50 mg/kg i.p.) potentiates morphine on the tail-flick test, while Hydroxyzine (12.5 mg/kg i.p.) decreases morphine antinociception in rats [4].
STING agonist-1 (G10) is a novel human-specific STING agonist that elicits antiviral activity against emerging Alphaviruses. G10 potently blocks replication of Alphavirus species Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV) (IC90 = 24.57 μM). IC50 value: 24.57 μM (IC90)Target: VEEV, STINGin vitro: G10 does not bind to STING directly, however, G10 represents the first synthetic small molecule characterized as an indirect activator of human STING-dependent phenotypes.100 μM G10 (a concentration over twelve times the IC90 for CHIKV and over four times the IC90 for VEEV). G10 induces IFN/IRF3- but not NF-κB-dependent transcription in human fibroblasts. G10 Induces IFN/IRF3- but not NF-κB-Dependent Transcription in Human Fibroblasts. G10 activates IRF3, but not canonical NF-κB pathways in human fibroblasts. G10 elicits antiviral activity against New and Old World Alphaviruses. G10 stimulates phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in a manner similar to that triggered by UV-inactivated cytomegalovirus (UV-CMV) and Sendai virus (SeV). G10 induces synthesis and secretion of bioactive type I and III IFNs and generates an antiviral state in fibroblast cells positive for STING, IRF3, and STAT1 proteins. G10 triggers innate immune responses that involve expression of IRF3-dependent genes including type I and III interferons.
(S)-Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. (S)-ketorolac exhibits potent COX1 and COX2 enzyme inhibition[1].
N-cis-Feruloyl tyramine (cis-N-(4-Hydroxyphenethyl) ferulamide) is a natural phenolic compound, exhibits modest inhibitory activity on LPS-activated NO production in RAW 264.7 cells[1].
Tilsotolimod is a synthetic Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist that has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models.
Rebamipide mofetil is an orally active prodrug of Rebamipide (OPC12759). Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner[1].
Pheniramine (Prophenpyridamine;Tripoton) is a first-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist, acts on the central nervous system (CNS) with sedative and hypnotic effect. Pheniramine displays antitumor effect and induces leukemia cells apoptosis. Pheniramine is also a safe and effective local anesthetic, with antipruritic effects[1][2][3][4].
Paquinimod is a S100A9 inhibitor, which prevents S100A9 binding to TLR-4.
ODN 105870, a G-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a selective TLR7 inhibitor. ODN 105870 can be uesd for inflammatory immune responses research[1].
ARB-272572 is a potent small-molecule PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 400 pM.
Pam3CSK4 TFA is a toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2) agonist with an EC50 of 0.47 ng/mL for human TLR1/2[1].
Meloxicam D4 is deuterium labeled Meloxicam. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 µM and 36.6 µM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively[1].
STING agonist-3 is a selective small-molecule STING agonist. STING agonist-3 is a non-nucleotide STING agonist which has durable anti-tumor effect and tremendous potential to improve treatment of cancer[1].
PROTAC IRAK4 degrader-7 (Compound I-417) is an orally active PROTAC IRAK4 degrader with antitumor activities[1].
Chondroitin sulfate, one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
Metyrosine-13C9,d7,15N is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15-labeled Metyrosine. Metyrosine is a selective tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor. Metyrosine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative effects. Metyrosine significantly inhibits high COX-2 activity[1]. Metyrosine is a very effective agent for blood pressure control[2].
JPE-1375 is a complement C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) antagonist. JPE-1375 effectively inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocyte mobilization (EC50=6.9 µM) and reduces TNF levels (EC50=4.5 µM) in mice. JPE-1375 can be used in studies of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases[1].
MMG-11 is a potent and selective human TLR2 antagonist. MMG-11 inhibits both TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signaling with an IC50 of 1.7 µM for Pam3CSK4-induced hTLR2/1 and 5.7 µM for Pam2CSK4-induced hTLR2/6 responses[1].
Bavisant Hcl (JNJ-31001074) is a highly selective, orally active antagonist of the human H3 receptor with a novel mechanism of action, involving wakefulness and cognition, with potential as a treatment for ADHD. IC50 Value: Target: H3 receptorin vitro: Bavisant completed a phase II ADHD trial, but no results have been reported [1].in vivo: Mean change from baseline in the total ADHD-RS-IV score at day 42 (primary efficacy endpoint) was -8.8 in the placebo group versus -9.3, -11.2 and -12.2 in the bavisant 1?mg/day, 3?mg/day and 10?mg/day groups, respectively; the change in the 10?mg/day group was not statistically superior to placebo (p=0.161), and hence statistical comparisons of the 1?mg/day and 3?mg/day groups with placebo based on a step-down closed testing procedure were not performed [2].Clinical trial: A Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics and Effect of Food on JNJ-31001074 in Healthy Volunteers. Phase 2